The AusTraits Plant Dictionary (APD) Ontology

Release 2.2.0

Latest version:
https://w3id.org/APD/
This version:
https://w3id.org/APD/release/2.2.0/
Previous version:
https://w3id.org/APD/release/2.1.2/
Authors:
Elizabeth Wenk, Daniel Falster, Rachael Gallagher, Hervé Sauquet, Rowan Brownlee, Carl Boettiger
Contributors:
Tony Auld, Russell Barrett, Timothy Brodribb, Brendan Choat, David Coleman, Félix de Tombeur, Lily Dun, David Ellsworth, Carl Gosper, Lydia Guja, Gregory J. Jordan, Tom Le Breton, Andy Leigh, Patricia Lu-Irving, Belinda Medlyn, Rachael Nolan, Mark Ooi, Karen D. Sommerville, Ruby Stephens, Peter Vesk, Matthew White, Ian J. Wright, Sophie Yang
Human readable tables:

Traits categorical_values

Serializations:
JSON-LD N-Triples N-Quads TTL
License:
http://purl.org/NET/rdflicense/cc-by4.0
Vocabulary service:
JSON-LD
Source:

10.5281/zenodo.8040789

JSON-LD
Contributing:
contributions welcome
Cite as:
Wenk EH, Sauquet H, Gallagher RV, Brownlee R, Boettiger C, Coleman D, Yang S, Auld T, Barrett RL, Brodribb T, Choat B, Dun L, Ellsworth D, Gosper C, Guja L, Jordan GJ, Breton T, Leigh A, Irving PMedlyn B, Nolan R, Ooi M, Sommerville KD, Vesk P, White M, Wright IJ & Falster DS (2024) The AusTraits Plant Dictionary. Scientific Data 11, 537. DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03368-z

Abstract

This document describes the schema available from the APD namespace. The APD offers detailed descriptions for more than 500 plant trait concepts. It includes trait focused on plant morphology, plant nutrient concentrations, plant physiology, plant life history, and plant fire response. The definitions will be useful to researchers from diverse disciplines, including plant functional ecology, plant taxonomy, and conservation biology. All trait concepts are supported by comprehensive metadata including trait descriptions, allowable trait values, allowable ranges, preferred units, keywords, references, and links to matches in a selection of trait databases. The traits describe here also fully support the AusTraits plant trait database, <doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3568417>.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Trait groups: Hierarchical trait groupings, included to enhance trait findability.
  3. Trait concepts: Traits defined within the vocabulary.
  4. Values for categorical traits: Allowed categorical trait values to support the defined trait concepts.
  5. Glossary: Terms used as keywords that were not available in other published vocabularies.
  6. Acknowledgements

1. Introduction

The APD is a compilation of the traits concepts used by AusTraits, a database of Australian plant traits. APD includes definitions for nearly 500 traits pertaining to plant functional ecology and plant morphology. The metadata for each trait concept has been reviewed by multiple people. Metadata includes a trait definition, accepted units and ranges (for numeric traits), allowable values (for categorical traits), keywords and trait groupings to enhance trait findability, references, and links to identical/similar traits in other trait databases. APD will be published in a machine-readable format (rdf representation), allowing the traits to be readily re-used by other databases. This is a human-friendly output, with embedded links to the references, other trait databases and keywords/concepts borrowed from other ontologies.

The APD is a community resource and we welcome any suggestions for edits, including additional key references for each trait or other trait databases for which we should add links.

2. Trait groups

The APD Trait groups express broad trait groupings, with each trait concept mapped into one or more trait groups as narrower concepts.

plant trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0000000
preferred label
plant trait
description
A measurable or observable characteristic of a cellular component [GO:0005575], biological process [GO:0008150] or molecular function [GO:0003674] that is part of, or has participant a plant anatomical entity [PO:0025131] and/or a plant structure development stage [PO:0009012]. This includes physiological, molecular and biochemical traits as well.
has narrower
biochemical trait
plant morphology trait
biological process trait, physiological process trait
life history trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0000000

biochemical trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0000002
preferred label
biochemical trait
description
A plant trait [TO:0000387] which is a quality of a chemical entity [CHEBI:24431], a plant metabolite [CHEBI:76924], or a molecular function [GO:0003674], which occurs in a cellular component [GO:0005575], plant anatomical entity [PO:0025131] or during a plant structure development stage [PO:0009012].
has narrower
mineral and ion content trait
metabolite content trait
stable isotope ratio determination
has broader
plant trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0000002

mineral and ion content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0000004
preferred label
mineral and ion content trait
description
A biochemical trait [TO:0000277] that is the amount of a particular mineral or ion constituent occurring in a plant anatomical entity [PO:0025131].
has narrower
leaf mineral and ion content trait
stem mineral and ion content trait
bark mineral and ion content trait
root mineral and ion content trait
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
has broader
biochemical trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0000004

leaf mineral and ion content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0000006
preferred label
leaf mineral and ion content trait
description
A mineral and ion content trait which is measured on a leaf [PO:0025034].
has narrower
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
has broader
mineral and ion content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0000006

live leaf mineral and ion content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0000008
preferred label
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
description
A mineral and ion content trait which is measured on a live [PATO:0001421] leaf [PO:0025034].
has narrower
Leaf aluminium (Al) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf boron (B) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf carbon (C) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf chlorine (Cl) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf chromium (Cr) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf cobalt (Co) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf copper (Cu) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf iron (Fe) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf potassium (K) content per unit leaf area
Leaf potassium (K) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf magnesium (Mg) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf manganese (Mn) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf molybdenum (Mo) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf area
Leaf nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf sodium (Na) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf nickel (Ni) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf area
Leaf phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf sulphur (S) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf selenium (Se) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf silicon (Si) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf zinc (Zn) content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N
Leaf nitrogen to phosphorus ratio (N/P) per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf cell wall nitrogen (N) per unit cell wall dry mass
Leaf cell wall nitrogen (N) per unit leaf N content
Lipid fraction of leaf P content per dry mass
Nucleic acid fraction of leaf P content per dry mass
Residual P fraction of leaf P content per dry mass
Inorganic P fraction of leaf P content per dry mass
Metabolite fraction of leaf P content per dry mass
Leaf ash content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency during Amax measurement (PNUE
Leaf photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency during Asat measurement (PNUE
Leaf photosynthetic phosphorus use efficiency during Amax measurement PPUE
Leaf photosynthetic phosphorus use efficiency during Asat measurement (PPUE
has broader
leaf mineral and ion content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0000008

senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0000108
preferred label
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
description
A mineral and ion content trait which is measured on a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034].
has narrower
Senesced leaf aluminium (Al) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf boron (B) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf carbon (C) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf copper (Cu) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf iron (Fe) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf potassium (K) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf magnesium (Mg) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf manganese (Mn) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf molybdenum (Mo) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf sodium (Na) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf nickel (Ni) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf sulphur (S) content per unit leaf dry mass
Senesced leaf zinc (Zn) content per unit leaf dry mass
has broader
leaf mineral and ion content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0000108

stem mineral and ion content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0000206
preferred label
stem mineral and ion content trait
description
A mineral and ion content trait which is measured on a stem [PO:0009047].
has narrower
wood mineral and ion content trait
senesced wood mineral and ion content trait
Stem carbon (C) content per unit stem dry mass
Stem nitrogen (N) content per unit stem dry mass
Bark aluminium (Al) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark boron (B) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark carbon (C) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark calcium (Ca) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark copper (Cu) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark iron (Fe) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark potassium (K) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark magnesium (Mg) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark manganese (Mn) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark nitrogen (N) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark sodium (Na) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark phosphorus (P) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark sulphur (S) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark zinc (Zn) content per unit bark dry mass
Bark ash content per unit bark dry mass
has broader
mineral and ion content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0000206

wood mineral and ion content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0000408
preferred label
wood mineral and ion content trait
description
A mineral and ion content trait which is measured on wood [NCIT:C93062].
has narrower
Wood carbon (C) content per unit wood dry mass
Wood calcium (Ca) content per unit wood dry mass
Wood potassium (K) content per unit wood dry mass
Wood magnesium (Mg) content per unit wood dry mass
Wood nitrogen (N) content per unit wood dry mass
Wood sodium (Na) content per unit wood dry mass
Wood phosphorus (P) content per unit wood dry mass
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0000408

senesced wood mineral and ion content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0000508
preferred label
senesced wood mineral and ion content trait
description
A mineral and ion content trait which is measured on senescent [PATO:0001487] wood [NCIT:C93062].
has narrower
Dead wood calcium (Ca) content per unit dead wood dry mass
Dead wood potassium (K) content per unit dead wood dry mass
Dead wood magnesium (Mg) content per unit dead wood dry mass
Dead wood nitrogen (N) content per unit dead wood dry mass
Dead wood sodium (Na) content per unit dead wood dry mass
Dead wood phosphorus (P) content per unit dead wood dry mass
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0000508

bark mineral and ion content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0000608
preferred label
bark mineral and ion content trait
description
A mineral and ion content trait which is measured on bark [PO:0004518].
has broader
mineral and ion content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0000608

root mineral and ion content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0000808
preferred label
root mineral and ion content trait
description
A mineral and ion content trait which is measured on a root [PO:0009005].
has narrower
Root carbon (C) content per unit root dry mass
Root nitrogen (N) content per unit root dry mass
Root phosphorus (P) content per unit root dry mass
has broader
mineral and ion content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0000808

reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0001006
preferred label
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
description
A mineral and ion content trait which is measured on the reproductive shoot system [PO:0025082].
has narrower
Flower nitrogen (N) content per unit flower dry mass
Fruit calcium (Ca) content per unit fruit dry mass
Fruit potassium (K) content per unit fruit dry mass
Fruit magnesium (Mg) content per unit fruit dry mass
Fruit nitrogen (N) content per unit fruit dry mass
Fruit phosphorus (P) content per unit fruit dry mass
Fruit sulphur (S) content per unit fruit dry mass
Seed calcium (Ca) content per unit seed dry mass
Seed potassium (K) content per unit seed dry mass
Seed magnesium (Mg) content per unit seed dry mass
Seed nitrogen (N) content per unit seed dry mass
Seed phosphorus (P) content per unit seed dry mass
Seed sulphur (S) content per unit seed dry mass
has broader
mineral and ion content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0001006

cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0001502
preferred label
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
description
A mineral and ion content trait which is measured on an individual tissue [CARO:0000043] type or cell [CL:0000000] type.
has narrower
Leaf rubisco nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf N content
Leaf thylakoid protein nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf N content
Leaf epidermis calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass
Leaf hypodermis calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass
Leaf internal parenchyma cell calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass
Leaf palisade mesophyll cell calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass
Leaf sclerenchyma cell calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass
Leaf spongy mesophyll cell calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass
Leaf epidermis phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass
Leaf hypodermis phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass
Leaf internal parenchyma cell phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass
Leaf palisade mesophyll cell phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass
Leaf sclerenchyma cell phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass
Leaf spongy mesophyll cell phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass
has broader
mineral and ion content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0001502

metabolite content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0002004
preferred label
metabolite content trait
description
The trait associated with an assay to determine the affected metabolites profile.
has narrower
carbohydrate content trait
lipid content trait
phenolic compound content trait
pigment content trait
protein content trait
has broader
biochemical trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0002004

carbohydrate content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0002005
preferred label
carbohydrate content trait
description
A metabolite content trait [TO:0000281] which is the amount of carbohydrate [CHEBI:16646] in a plant structure [PO:0009011].
has narrower
Leaf total non-structural carbohydrate content per unit leaf area
Leaf total non-structural carbohydrate content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf cellulose content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf starch content per unit leaf area
Leaf soluble starch content per unit leaf area
Leaf soluble starch content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf soluble sugar content per unit leaf area
Leaf soluble sugar content per unit leaf dry mass
Stem soluble starch content per unit stem dry mass
Stem soluble sugar content per unit stem dry mass
Bark cellulose content per unit bark dry mass
Root soluble starch content per unit root dry mass
Root soluble sugar content per unit root dry mass
has broader
metabolite content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0002005

lipid content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0002006
preferred label
lipid content trait
description
The total lipid [CHEBI:18059] content measured in a plant or a plant part.
has narrower
Seed oil content per unit seed dry mass
has broader
metabolite content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0002006

phenolic compound content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0002007
preferred label
phenolic compound content trait
description
Amount of phenolics present in the plant part, whole plant or product.
has narrower
Leaf lignin content per unit leaf dry mass
Total leaf phenolic content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf tannin content per unit leaf dry mass
Bark lignin content per unit bark dry mass
Bark tannin content per unit bark dry mass
has broader
metabolite content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0002007

pigment content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0002008
preferred label
pigment content trait
description
A metabolite content trait [TO:0000281] which is the amount of pigment [NCIT:C747] in a plant structure [PO:0009011].
has narrower
Leaf carotenoid content per unit leaf area
Leaf carotenoid content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf total chlorophyll content (chlorophyll A + B) per unit leaf area
Leaf total chlorophyll content (chlorophyll A + B) per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf chlorophyll A content per unit leaf area
Leaf chlorophyll A content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf chlorophyll B content per unit leaf area
Leaf chlorophyll B content per unit leaf dry mass
Ratio of leaf chlorophyll A content to leaf chlorophyll B content
Leaf chlorophyll content in SPAD units
has broader
metabolite content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0002008

protein content trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0002009
preferred label
protein content trait
description
The total protein content measured in a plant or a plant part.
has narrower
Leaf soluble protein content per unit leaf area
Leaf insoluble protein content per unit leaf area
Leaf rubisco content per unit leaf dry mass
Seed protein content per unit seed dry mass
has broader
metabolite content trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0002009

stable isotope ratio determination

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0003004
preferred label
stable isotope ratio determination
description
A mineral and ion content trait [TO:0000465] which is a ratio [PATO:0001470] of two naturally occurring stable isotopes [EnvThes:20310], generally expressed in delta notation.
has narrower
Bark stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C
Leaf stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C
Stem stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C
Root stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C
Wood stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C
Bark stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N
Leaf stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N
Stem stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N
Root stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N
Wood stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N
Leaf xylem stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N
Root xylem stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N
Leaf stable oxygen isotope composition (delta18O
Stem water stable oxygen isotope composition (delta18O
has broader
biochemical trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0003004

plant morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0010001
preferred label
plant morphology trait
description
A plant trait [TO:0000387] which is a morphological quality of a plant anatomical entity [PO:0025131] or a constituent cellular component [GO:0005575] contained therein. Includes traits of plant structures [PO:0009011] such as plant cell [PO:0009002], plant organ [PO:0009008], portion of plant tissue [PO:0009007], vascular system [PO:0000034], whole plant [PO:0000003] and seed [PO:0009010], as well as those of plant anatomical spaces [PO:0025117] and portions of plant substance [PO:0025161].
has narrower
whole plant morphology trait
plant structure morphology trait
vascular tissue morphology trait
plant structure strength trait
has broader
plant trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0010001

whole plant morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0010004
preferred label
whole plant morphology trait
description
A plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000839] which is a quality of a whole plant [PO:0000003].
has narrower
plant embryo morphology trait
Plant canopy width
Plant canopy breadth
Plant vegetative height
Height of a climbing plant
Plant reproductive height
Plant growth form
Life form
has broader
plant morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0010004

plant embryo morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0010104
preferred label
plant embryo morphology trait
description
A whole plant morphology trait [TO:0000398] which is a quality of a plant embryo [PO:0009009].
has narrower
Embryo colour
Cotyledon function
Cotyledon position at germination
Cotyledon hairiness
Hypocotyl hairiness
Seedling first true leaf type
Seedling first node leaf count
Seedling germination location
has broader
whole plant morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0010104

plant structure morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0011001
preferred label
plant structure morphology trait
description
A plant morphology trait [TO:0000017] which is a quality of a plant structure [PO:0009011].
has narrower
leaf morphology trait
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
plant cell morphology trait
stem morphology trait
bark morphology trait
root system morphology trait
reproductive shoot system morphology trait
Plant spinescence
Physical defence structures
Plant sex type
Clonal spread mechanism
Storage organ
Plant fire tolerance strategy
has broader
plant morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0011001

leaf morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0011202
preferred label
leaf morphology trait
description
A phyllome morphology trait [TO:0000747] which is quality of a leaf [PO:0025034].
has narrower
leaf size trait
leaf mass trait
leaf shape trait
leaf position trait
leaf stomatal complex morphology trait
leaf optical properties trait
Cotyledon function
Number of leaflets per leaf
Leaf glaucousness
Mature leaf hairiness
Juvenile phase leaf hairiness
Immature leaf hairiness
Leaf surface colour
Leaf surface reflectivity
Average leaf epidermal cell density
Lower leaf side epidermal cell density
Upper leaf side epidermal cell density
Palisade cell length
Palisade cell width
Number of layers of palisade cells
Spongy mesophyll cell thickness
Xylem to leaf area ratio (XLA
Leaf secondary vein angle
Major leaf vein density
Length of all minor and major leaf lamina veins per unit area
Leaf vein frequency
Leaf xylem vessel density
Leaf xylem vessel diameter
Leaf xylem vessel wall thickness
Leaf xylem vessel length
Leaf work to punch
Leaf specific work to punch
Leaf work to shear
Leaf specific work to shear (fracture toughness
Leaf work to tear
Leaf specific work to tear
Plant photosynthetic organ
Physical defence structures
Plant climbing mechanisms
Plant succulence
has broader
plant structure morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0011202

leaf size trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0011204
preferred label
leaf size trait
description
Refer to size [PATO:0000117]: A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearers physical magnitude.
has narrower
Leaf area
Leaflet area
Leaf length
Leaf width
Leaf thickness
Petiole length
Petiole width
Leaflet length
Leaflet width
Leaf mass per area
Leaf lamina mass per area
Leaf area ratio (LAR
Leaf fresh mass per leaf area
has broader
leaf morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0011204

leaf mass trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0011206
preferred label
leaf mass trait
description
A leaf morphology trait [TO:0000505] which is the weight of a leaf [PO:0025034].
has narrower
Leaf dry mass
Leaflet dry mass
Leaf fresh mass
Leaf mass per area
Leaf lamina mass per area
Leaf tissue density
Leaf mass fraction
Leaf dry matter content (LDMC
Leaf fresh mass per leaf area
Leaf water content per unit leaf area (leaf succulence
Leaf water content per unit leaf dry mass
Leaf water content per unit leaf fresh mass
Leaf water content per unit saturated leaf mass
Leaf cell wall fraction
Leaf dry mass to stem dry mass ratio
Stem dry mass to vegetative shoot dry mass ratio (support fraction
has broader
leaf morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0011206

leaf shape trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0011304
preferred label
leaf shape trait
description
A leaf morphology trait [TO:0000748] which is the variation in shapes and forms of a leaf [PO:0025034]. Refer to shape [PATO:0000052]: A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearers ratios of distances between its features [points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc].
has narrower
Plant spinescence
Leaf type
Leaf shape
Leaf base shape
Leaf margin
Leaf margin posture
Leaf lobation
Leaf compoundness
Leaf divisions
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensionality
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape
has broader
leaf morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0011304

leaf position trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0011402
preferred label
leaf position trait
description
A leaf morphology trait [TO:0000748] which refers to the position [PATO:0000140] of leaves [PO:0025034] relative to the stem [PO:0009047].
has narrower
Leaf phyllotaxis
Leaf arrangement
Leaf axil angle
Leaf inclination angle
Leaf pendulousness
has broader
leaf morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0011402

portion of plant tissue morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0011502
preferred label
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
description
A plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000839] which is a quality of a portion of plant tissue [PO:0009007].
has narrower
Cuticle thickness on the lower leaf surface
Cuticle thickness on the upper leaf surface
Leaf epidermis thickness
Lower leaf side epidermis thickness
Upper leaf side epidermis thickness
Lower leaf side hypodermis thickness
Upper leaf side hypodermis thickness
Lower palisade mesophyll thickness
Upper palisade mesophyll thickness
Number of layers of palisade cells
Spongy mesophyll cell thickness
has broader
plant structure morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0011502

plant cell morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0011503
preferred label
plant cell morphology trait
description
A plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000839] which is a quality of a plant cell [PO:0009002].
has narrower
Average leaf epidermal cell density
Lower leaf side epidermal cell density
Upper leaf side epidermal cell density
Palisade cell length
Palisade cell width
Cell cross-sectional area
has broader
plant structure morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0011503

leaf stomatal complex morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0011602
preferred label
leaf stomatal complex morphology trait
description
A vascular leaf morphology trait [TO:0000419] which is a quality of the stomatal complexes [PO:0002000] present on the leaf surface.
has narrower
Stomatal density on the lower leaf surface
Stomatal density on the upper leaf surface
Stomatal density averaged across both leaf surfaces
Stomatal distribution
Stomatal hairiness
Guard cell length
has broader
leaf morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0011602

leaf optical properties trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0011702
preferred label
leaf optical properties trait
description
Leaf morphology trait [TO:0000748] associated with the leafs optical [NCIT:C16940] properties, including the absorption [SWEET:soprocw:Absorption], transmission [SWEET:soprocw:Transmission], and reflection [SWEET:soprocw:Reflection] of light [OMIT:0009112].
has narrower
Leaf visible light transmission
Leaf visible light absorption
Leaf visible light reflection
Leaf infra-red light reflection
has broader
leaf morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0011702

stem morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0011802
preferred label
stem morphology trait
description
A shoot axis morphology trait [TO:0000739] which is the quality of a stem [PO:0009047].
has narrower
stem mass trait
Stem diameter at breast height
Stem count
Stem length
Stem cross-sectional area
Wood cross-sectional area
Terminal twig cross-sectional area
Terminal twig length
Wood density
Herbaceous stem density
Stem hairiness
Huber value
Root to shoot ratio
Storage organ length
Storage organ diameter
Stem xylem vessel density
Stem xylem vessel diameter
Stem xylem vessel hydraulic mean diameter
Stem xylem vessel lumen fraction
Stem xylem vessel multiple fraction
Stem non-lumen fraction
xylem vessel wall fraction
Xylem vulnerability index
Stem xylem vessel wall thickness
Stem xylem vessel length
Wood axial parenchyma fraction
Wood conduit fraction
Wood fibre fraction
Wood ray parenchyma fraction
Wood tracheid fraction
Stem modulus of elasticity
Xylem modulus of elasticity
Modulus of rupture
Plant growth form
Plant photosynthetic organ
Woodiness
Detailed woodiness categories
Physical defence structures
Plant climbing mechanisms
Plant succulence
Stem growth habit
has broader
plant structure morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0011802

stem mass trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0011902
preferred label
stem mass trait
description
A stem morphology trait [TO:0000361] which is the mass [PATO:0000125] of a stem [PO:0009047].
has narrower
Leaf dry mass to stem dry mass ratio
Stem dry mass to vegetative shoot dry mass ratio (support fraction
Side branch dry mass to whole plant dry mass ratio
Stem dry matter content (SDMC
Stem water content per unit saturated stem mass
Stem mass fraction
Stem saturated water content per unit stem dry mass
has broader
stem morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0011902

bark morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0012002
preferred label
bark morphology trait
description
A plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000736] which is a quality of bark [PO:0004518].
has narrower
bark mass trait
Bark morphology, Eucalyptus
Bark thickness
Scaled bark thickness
Bark density
Bark dry mass per unit bark surface area
Bark water content per unit bark dry mass
Bark water content per unit saturated bark mass
Bark modulus of elasticity
Physical defence structures
has broader
plant structure morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0012002

bark mass trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0012006
preferred label
bark mass trait
description
A bark morphology trait which is the mass of bark.
has broader
bark morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0012006

root system morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0012102
preferred label
root system morphology trait
description
A collective plant organ structure morphology trait [TO:0000842] which is a quality of a root system [PO:0025025].
has narrower
root morphology trait
root mass trait
root branchiness trait
has broader
plant structure morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0012102

root morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0012104
preferred label
root morphology trait
description
A plant axis morphology trait [TO:0000738] which is a quality of a root [PO:0025025].
has narrower
Root diameter
Root system morphology
Fine root volume to coarse root volume ratio
Root biomass depth distribution coefficient
Root system type (presence of taproot
Specific root length (SRL
Specific tap root length (STRL
Root surface area per unit root dry mass (specific root area
Root wood density
Root to shoot ratio
Root dry matter content (RDMC
Root mass fraction
Root vascular anatomy
Storage organ length
Storage organ diameter
Plant nitrogen fixation capacity
Plant root structures
has broader
root system morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0012104

root mass trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0012106
preferred label
root mass trait
description
A root morphology trait [TO:0000043] which is the weight of a root [PO:0009005].
has broader
root system morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0012106

root branchiness trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0012108
preferred label
root branchiness trait
description
A root system morphology trait [TO:0000985] which is the branchiness [PATO:0002009] of the root system [PO:0025025].
has broader
root system morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0012108

reproductive shoot system morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0012202
preferred label
reproductive shoot system morphology trait
description
A shoot system morphology trait [TO:0000077] that is a quality of a reproductive shoot system [PO:0025082].
has narrower
floral organ morphology trait
fruit morphology trait
seed morphology trait
Seed accessory cost fraction
Seed accessory cost mass
Life form
has broader
plant structure morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0012202

floral organ morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0012404
preferred label
floral organ morphology trait
description
A plant organ morphology trait [TO:0000736] which is a quality of a floral organ [PO:0025395].
has narrower
perianth morphology trait
androecium morphology trait
gynoecium morphology trait
Bud length
Bud width
Buds per inflorescence
Maximum flower number
Floral structural sex
Pollination syndrome
Pollination system
has broader
reproductive shoot system morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0012404

perianth morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0012406
preferred label
perianth morphology trait
description
A collective phyllome structure morphology trait [TO:0000845] which is a quality of a perianth [PO:0009058].
has narrower
Inflorescence length
Inflorescence diameter
Flower colour
Perianth colour
Flower length
Flower diameter
Floral orientation
Perianth differentiation
Fusion of perianth
Number of perianth parts in each whorl (Perianth merism
Number of perianth parts
Perianth phyllotaxis
Symmetry of perianth
Number of perianth whorls
Petal length
has broader
floral organ morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0012406

androecium morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0012408
preferred label
androecium morphology trait
description
A collective phyllome structure morphology trait [TO:0000845] that is a quality of the androecium [PO:0009061].
has narrower
Number of androecium parts in each whorl (Androecium structural merism
Androecium structural phyllotaxis
Number of androecium structural whorls
Anther attachment
Connective extension (apical
Anther dehiscence
Anther orientation
Number of fertile stamens
Filament presence and shape
Fusion of filaments
Fusion of filaments to inner perianth series
Pollen grain aperture shape
Number of pollen grain apertures
Pollen grain length
has broader
floral organ morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0012408

gynoecium morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0012409
preferred label
gynoecium morphology trait
description
A collective phyllome structure morphology trait [TO:0000845] that is a quality of the gynoecium [PO:0009062].
has narrower
Gynoecium phyllotaxis
Placentation
Fusion of ovaries
Ovary position
Number of ovules per functional carpel
Number of structural carpels
Style differentiation
Fusion of styles
has broader
floral organ morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0012409

fruit morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0012504
preferred label
fruit morphology trait
description
A multi-tissue plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000836] which is a quality of a fruit [PO:0009001].
has narrower
Fruit dry mass
Fruit length
Fruit width
Fruit breadth
Fruit wall thickness
Fruit type
Fruit fleshiness
Fruit dehiscence
Fruit colour
Fruit surface hairiness
Diaspore fleshiness
Dispersal appendage
Dispersal unit
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
has broader
reproductive shoot system morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0012504

seed morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0012604
preferred label
seed morphology trait
description
A multi-tissue plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000836] which is a quality of a seed [PO:0009010].
has narrower
Seed dry mass
Diaspore dry mass
Seed embryo and endosperm dry mass
Seed length
Seed width
Seed height
Seed volume
Seed count
Seed shape
Seed surface hairs
Seed surface texture
Seed surface reflectivity
Diaspore fleshiness
Dispersal appendage
Dispersal unit
Seed colour
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
has broader
reproductive shoot system morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0012604

vascular tissue morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0013001
preferred label
vascular tissue morphology trait
description
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait [TO:0000843] which is a quality of a vascular tissue and its parts.
has narrower
leaf vein morphology trait
xylem vessel morphology trait
Wood axial parenchyma fraction
Wood conduit fraction
Wood fibre fraction
Wood ray parenchyma fraction
Wood tracheid fraction
has broader
plant morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0013001

leaf vein morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0013006
preferred label
leaf vein morphology trait
description
A vascular leaf morphology trait [TO:0000419] which is a quality of a leaf lamina vein [PO:0020138].
has narrower
Leaf secondary vein angle
Major leaf vein density
Length of all minor and major leaf lamina veins per unit area
Leaf vein frequency
has broader
vascular tissue morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0013006

xylem vessel morphology trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0013102
preferred label
xylem vessel morphology trait
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is a quality of a xylem vessel [PO:0025417].
has narrower
Stem xylem vessel density
Leaf xylem vessel density
Stem xylem vessel diameter
Stem xylem vessel hydraulic mean diameter
Leaf xylem vessel diameter
Stem xylem vessel lumen fraction
Stem xylem vessel multiple fraction
Stem non-lumen fraction
xylem vessel wall fraction
Xylem vulnerability index
Leaf xylem vessel wall thickness
Stem xylem vessel wall thickness
Leaf xylem vessel length
Stem xylem vessel length
has broader
vascular tissue morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0013102

plant structure strength trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0014001
preferred label
plant structure strength trait
description
A plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000736] pertaining to the strength [PATO:0001230] of a plant structure [PO:0009011] and often indicating the amount of work [PATO:0001026] required to break or deform the plant structure.
has narrower
Leaf work to punch
Leaf specific work to punch
Leaf work to shear
Leaf specific work to shear (fracture toughness
Leaf work to tear
Leaf specific work to tear
Bark modulus of elasticity
Stem modulus of elasticity
Xylem modulus of elasticity
Modulus of rupture
has broader
plant morphology trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0014001

biological process trait, physiological process trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0020001
preferred label
biological process trait, physiological process trait
description
Refers to process quality [PATO:0001236]: A quality which inheres in an process. A plant trait [TO:0000387] which is a process quality [PATO:0001236] of a biological process [GO:0008150] which occurs in a plant anatomical entity [PO:0025131], a cellular component [GO:0005575], or during a plant structure development stage [PO:0009012].
has narrower
photosynthetic trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
nutrient recycling trait
has broader
plant trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0020001

photosynthetic trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0020202
preferred label
photosynthetic trait
description
A plant physiological process trait [TO:0000283] associated with photosynthesis [GO:0015979].
has narrower
gas exchange trait
photosystem performance trait
Plant photosynthetic pathway
Plant photosynthetic organ
has broader
biological process trait, physiological process trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0020202

gas exchange trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0020204
preferred label
gas exchange trait
description
A plant photosynthesis trait pertaining to the movement [NCIT:C37994] of carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526], water [CHEBI:15377], and oxygen [CHEBI:15379] into and out of a plant cellular metabolic processes [GO:0044237] where these molecules are the reactant [SIO:000879] or product [SIO:010363].
has narrower
photosynthetic rate trait
respiration rate trait
transpiration rate trait
carbon dioxide concentration trait
Leaf stomatal conductance to water vapour per unit leaf area under ambient conditions (gsw
Leaf stomatal conductance to water vapour per unit leaf area during Amax measurement (gsw
Leaf stomatal conductance to water vapour per unit leaf area during Asat measurement (gsw
Leaf stomatal water vapour resistance under ambient conditions
Leaf mesophyll conductance to carbon dioxide per unit leaf area (gm
Leaf mesophyll conductance to carbon dioxide per unit leaf mass (gm
Leaf cuticular conductance
Leaf conductance to surface water (ksurf
Leaf foliar water uptake
Leaf photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency during Amax measurement (PNUE
Leaf photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency during Asat measurement (PNUE
Leaf photosynthetic phosphorus use efficiency during Amax measurement PPUE
Leaf photosynthetic phosphorus use efficiency during Asat measurement (PPUE
Integrated water use efficiency
Intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi
Instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE
has broader
photosynthetic trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0020204

photosynthetic rate trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0020206
preferred label
photosynthetic rate trait
description
The total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time and is measured by determining the changes in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure.
has narrower
Bark photosynthesis
Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf area under ambient light and CO2 (A
Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf area under saturating light and CO2 (Amax
Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf area under saturating light and ambient CO2 (Asat
Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf dry mass under ambient light and CO2 (A
Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf dry mass under saturating light and CO2 (Amax
Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf dry mass under saturating light and ambient CO2 (Asat
has broader
gas exchange trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0020206

respiration rate trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0020208
preferred label
respiration rate trait
description
A plant gas exchange trait which is the net rate of carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526] released from a whole plant [PO:0000003] or plant organ [PO:0009008] due to cellular respiration [GO:0045333] and photorespiration [GO:0009853].
has narrower
Leaf respiration rate per unit leaf area, in the dark (Rdark
Leaf respiration rate per unit leaf dry mass, in the dark (Rdark
Leaf respiration rate per unit leaf area, in the light (Rday
Stem respiration rate per unit stem area, in the dark
has broader
gas exchange trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0020208

transpiration rate trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0020210
preferred label
transpiration rate trait
description
A plant gas exchange trait which is the rate of transpiration [ENVO:02500035].
has narrower
Leaf transpiration per unit leaf area under ambient conditions (E
Leaf transpiration per unit leaf area during Amax measurement (E
Leaf transpiration per unit leaf area during Asat measurement (E
Leaf transpiration rate per unit leaf area, in the dark
Integrated plant transpiration
Whole plant sapflow
has broader
gas exchange trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0020210

carbon dioxide concentration trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0020212
preferred label
carbon dioxide concentration trait
description
A plant gas exchange trait which is the concentration [PATO:0000033] of carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526].
has narrower
Leaf internal CO2 concentration during Amax measurement (ci
Internal CO2 concentration during Asat measurement (ci
Internal CO2 concentration under ambient conditions (ci
Ratio of internal to external CO2 concentrations (ci/ca
CO2 concentration inside chloroplasts (cc
Ambient CO2 concentration (ca
has broader
gas exchange trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0020212

photosystem performance trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0020812
preferred label
photosystem performance trait
description
A plant photosynthesis trait pertaining to the performance [NCIT:C60778] of the photosystem [GO:0009521] complexes, especially with regard to how effectively they process photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] during the photosynthesis light reactions [GO:0019684].
has narrower
Leaf Jmax per unit leaf area (Jmax
Leaf Jmax per unit leaf area at 25 deg C (Jmax25
Leaf Jmax per unit leaf mass (Jmax
Leaf Vcmax per unit leaf area (Vcmax
Leaf Vcmax per unit leaf area at 25 deg C (Vcmax25
Leaf Vcmax per unit leaf mass (Vcmax
Leaf Jmax to leaf Vcmax ratio at 25 deg C
Leaf maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm
Leaf ambient quantum yield
Leaf quantum yield, gas exchange measurement
Leaf heat tolerance maximum critical temperature (Tcrit-cold or Tcrit-min
Leaf heat tolerance minimum critical temperature (Tcrit-hot or Tcrit-max
Leaf heat tolerance maximum temperature (Tmax-hot
Photochemical reflectance index (PRI
has broader
photosynthetic trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0020812

water transport trait, hydraulic trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0021002
preferred label
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
description
A plant physiological process trait [TO:0000283] pertaining to the movement [NCIT:C37994] of water [CHEBI:15377] through a plants vascular system [PO:0000034], including water stress traits [TO:0000237].
has narrower
Leaf secondary vein angle
Major leaf vein density
Length of all minor and major leaf lamina veins per unit area
Leaf vein frequency
Stem xylem vessel density
Leaf xylem vessel density
Stem xylem vessel diameter
Stem xylem vessel hydraulic mean diameter
Leaf xylem vessel diameter
Stem xylem vessel lumen fraction
Stem xylem vessel multiple fraction
Stem non-lumen fraction
xylem vessel wall fraction
Xylem vulnerability index
Leaf xylem vessel wall thickness
Stem xylem vessel wall thickness
Leaf xylem vessel length
Stem xylem vessel length
Wood axial parenchyma fraction
Wood conduit fraction
Wood fibre fraction
Wood ray parenchyma fraction
Wood tracheid fraction
Water band index
Stem hydraulic conductivity (Kh
Sapwood specific hydraulic conductivity (Ks
Theoretical sapwood specific hydraulic conductivity (Ks
Stem specific hydraulic conductivity (Ks
Leaf specific hydraulic conductance (kleaf
Leaf specific hydraulic conductivity (Kl
Root hydraulic conductivity (Kh
Root specific hydraulic conductivity
Pre-dawn water potential
Midday water potential
Stem sapwood capacitance (C
Leaf capacitance (Cleaf
Root sapwood capacitance (C
Leaf xylem pressure, 50% lost conductance (P50) (leaf hydraulic vulnerability
Stem xylem pressure, 12% lost conductivity (P12
Stem xylem pressure, 50% lost conductivity (P50
Stem xylem pressure, 88% lost conductivity (P88
Hydraulic safety margin, 50
Hydraulic safety margin, 88
Leaf turgor loss point
Osmotic potential
Osmotic potential at full tugor
Bulk modulus of elasticity (e
Leaf relative water content predawn
Leaf relative water content at turgor loss point
Root xylem pressure, 50% lost conductivity (P50
Root xylem pressure, 12% lost conductivity (P12
Root xylem pressure, 88% lost conductivity (P88
Leaf xylem pressure, 12% lost conductance (P12
Leaf xylem pressure, 88% lost conductance (P88
has broader
biological process trait, physiological process trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0021002

nutrient recycling trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0022002
preferred label
nutrient recycling trait
description
A plant physiological process trait [TO:0000283] associated with the resorption [NCIT:C93204] and recycling [NCIT:C126395] of macronutrients [CHEBI:33937] and micronutrients [CHEBI:27027] as plant structures [PO:0009011] senesce [PATO:0001487].
has narrower
Leaf nitrogen resorption efficiency
Leaf phosphorus resorption efficiency
has broader
biological process trait, physiological process trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0022002

life history trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0030001
preferred label
life history trait
description
A plant trait [TO:0000387] pertaining to an individuals life history [ECOCORE:00000018].
has narrower
whole plant phenotype trait
plant phenological trait
interspecific interactions trait
genetic structure trait
reproductive structure life history trait
fire response trait
chemical stress sensitivity trait
environmental tolerance trait
Ephemeral life history class
Plant growth substrate
Clonal spread mechanism
Storage organ
Plant vegetative response to disturbances other than fire
has broader
plant trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0030001

whole plant phenotype trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0030006
preferred label
whole plant phenotype trait
description
A plant life history trait which is a whole plant phenotype [FLOPO:0000089].
has narrower
Plant spinescence
Plant growth form
Life form
Life history
Lifespan
Plant alternative energy and nutrient acquisition strategies
Woodiness
Detailed woodiness categories
Plant climbing mechanisms
Plant succulence
Stem growth habit
Competitive stratum
Vegetative reproduction ability
Bud bank location
Time from fire to fruiting
Time from fire until 50% of individuals are fruiting
has broader
life history trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0030006

plant phenological trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0030008
preferred label
plant phenological trait
description
A growth and development trait [TO:0000357] which is the timing of the occurrence of plant structure development stages [PO:0009012] and the relevant biological processes [GO:0008150].
has narrower
Leaf phenology
Leaf lifespan
Foliage time
Age of reproductive maturity
Environmental flowering cues
Flowering time, by month
Fruiting time, by month
Seedling recruitment time, by month
Seedling establishment conditions
Canopy light environment required for reproduction
Canopy light environment required for seedling establishment
Seed storage location
Post-fire flowering
Time from fire to first flowering
Time from fire until 50% of individuals are flowering
Time from fire to peak flowering
Time from fire until flowering declines
has broader
life history trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0030008

interspecific interactions trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0030009
preferred label
interspecific interactions trait
description
A plant life history trait that captures an interspecific interaction between organisms [GO:0044419].
has narrower
Dispersal appendage
Plant nitrogen fixation capacity
Plant root structures
Plant parasitism status
Pollination syndrome
Pollination system
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
Diaspore dispersal agents
has broader
life history trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0030009

genetic structure trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0030059
preferred label
genetic structure trait
description
A plant life history trait that captures information about genetic structures.
has narrower
Plant genome size
Chromosome ploidy
has broader
life history trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0030059

reproductive structure life history trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0030504
preferred label
reproductive structure life history trait
description
A plant life history trait pertaining to a plants reproductive structures [UBERON:0005156].
has narrower
Seed storage location
Serotiny
Seedbank longevity class
Seedbank longevity
Dormancy type
Seed germination treatment
Seed germination proportion
Seed viability
Seed germination time
Time from fire to first flowering
Time from fire until 50% of individuals are flowering
Time from fire to peak flowering
Time from fire until flowering declines
Time from fire to fruiting
Time from fire until 50% of individuals are fruiting
has broader
life history trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0030504

fire response trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0030602
preferred label
fire response trait
description
A plant life history trait indicating adaptations [NCIT:C158868] to increase survival rate [EnvThes:21065] or seed germination [GO:0009845] rate following fire [ENVO:01000786] or indicating a plants response [NCIT:C25755] to fire.
has narrower
Leaf ash content per unit leaf dry mass
Bark ash content per unit bark dry mass
Ephemeral life history class
Seedling recruitment time, by month
Seedling establishment conditions
Seed storage location
Serotiny
Seedbank longevity class
Seedbank longevity
Sprout depth
Post-fire resprouting capacity
Post-fire proportion resprouting individuals
Post-fire resprouting capacity of juvenile plants
Time from seedling germination until individuals survive a fire
Post-fire to pre-fire stem ratio
Fire exposure level
Post-fire recruitment
Post-fire flowering
Time from fire to first flowering
Time from fire until 50% of individuals are flowering
Time from fire to peak flowering
Time from fire until flowering declines
Time from fire to fruiting
Time from fire until 50% of individuals are fruiting
Fuel bed bulk density
Fuel consumption by fire
Fire rate of spread
Leaf smoulder duration
Leaf flame duration
Leaf flame and smoulder duration
Fire time to ignition
Plant fire tolerance strategy
has broader
life history trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0030602

chemical stress sensitivity trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0030702
preferred label
chemical stress sensitivity trait
description
Response by the plant in terms of resistivity or senility to chemical stress.
has narrower
Plant soil salinity tolerance
Plant salt tolerance strategy
Plant calcium sensitivity
has broader
life history trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0030702

environmental tolerance trait

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_group_0030704
preferred label
environmental tolerance trait
description
A plant life history trait indicating adaptations [NCIT:C158868] to specific environmental conditions [ENVO:01000203] or tolerance [NCIT:C43414] to specific environmental stresses [EnvThes:21245].
has narrower
Leaf heat tolerance maximum critical temperature (Tcrit-cold or Tcrit-min
Leaf heat tolerance minimum critical temperature (Tcrit-hot or Tcrit-max
Leaf heat tolerance maximum temperature (Tmax-hot
Leaf ice nucleation temperature
Photochemical reflectance index (PRI
Water band index
Modified normalized difference vegetation index (modified NDVI
Modified chlorophyll absorption ratio index 705
Leaf chlorophyll content in SPAD units
Plant succulence
Foliage time
Environmental flowering cues
Seedling recruitment time, by month
Seedling establishment conditions
Plant resource requirements and tolerance
Plant flood regime response
Plant water-logging tolerance
Plant inundation tolerance
Plant snow tolerance
Plant soil salinity tolerance
Plant salt tolerance strategy
Plant calcium sensitivity
has broader
life history trait
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_group_0030704

3. Trait concepts

The APD Trait concepts express the traits defined by the APD.

Leaf aluminium (Al) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000012
preferred label
Leaf aluminium (Al) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Al_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of aluminium [CHEBI:28984] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of aluminium in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
12000
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
aluminium atom
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf aluminium content per leaf dry mass [TOP449] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf aluminium (Al) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:249] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000012

Leaf boron (B) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000014
preferred label
Leaf boron (B) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_B_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of boron [CHEBI:27560] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of boron in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
boron atom
micronutrient
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf boron content per leaf dry mass [TOP450] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf boron (B) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:250] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000014

Leaf carbon (C) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000016
preferred label
Leaf carbon (C) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_C_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of carbon [CHEBI:27594] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of carbon in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
50
maxAllowedValue
750
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbon atom
scope note
none
has exact match
leaf carbon content
Leaf carbon content
examples
exact match: Leaf carbon content per leaf dry mass [TOP452] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf carbon (C) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:13] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf carbon content per leaf dry mass [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000016

Leaf calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000018
preferred label
Leaf calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Ca_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of calcium [CHEBI:22984] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of calcium in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
calcium atom
micronutrient
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf calcium content per leaf dry mass [TOP451] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf calcium (Ca) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:252] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000018

Leaf chlorine (Cl) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000020
preferred label
Leaf chlorine (Cl) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Cl_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of chlorine [CHEBI:23116] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of chlorine in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
chlorine atom
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf chlorine content per leaf dry mass [TOP453] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf chlorine (Cl) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:539] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000020

Leaf chromium (Cr) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000022
preferred label
Leaf chromium (Cr) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Cr_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of chromium [CHEBI:28073] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of chromium in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
ppm
parts per million
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
150
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
chromium atom
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf chromium (Cr) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:254] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000022

Leaf cobalt (Co) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000024
preferred label
Leaf cobalt (Co) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Co_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of cobalt [CHEBI:27638] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of cobalt in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
ppm
parts per million
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
150
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
cobalt atom
micronutrient
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf cobalt content per leaf dry mass [TOP454] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf cobalt (Co) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:253] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000024

Leaf copper (Cu) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000026
preferred label
Leaf copper (Cu) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Cu_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of copper [CHEBI:28694] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of copper in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
150
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
copper atom
micronutrient
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf copper content per leaf dry mass [TOP455] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf copper (Cu) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:255] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000026

Leaf iron (Fe) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000028
preferred label
Leaf iron (Fe) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Fe_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of iron [CHEBI:18248] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of iron in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
iron atom
micronutrient
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf iron content per leaf dry mass [TOP456] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf iron (Fe) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:256] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000028

Leaf potassium (K) content per unit leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000029
preferred label
Leaf potassium (K) content per unit leaf area
alternative label
leaf_K_per_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of potassium [CHEBI:26216] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The ratio of the mass of potassium in a leaf to leaf area.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/m2
gram per square metre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
potassium atom
macronutrient
scope note
none
has exact match
leaf potassium content
examples
exact match: Leaf potassium content per leaf area [TOP483] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf potassium (K) content per leaf area [TRY:52] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000029

Leaf potassium (K) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000030
preferred label
Leaf potassium (K) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_K_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of potassium [CHEBI:26216] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of potassium in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
potassium atom
macronutrient
scope note
none
has exact match
leaf potassium content
examples
exact match: Leaf potassium content per leaf dry mass [TOP464] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf potassium (K) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:44] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000030

Leaf magnesium (Mg) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000032
preferred label
Leaf magnesium (Mg) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Mg_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of magnesium [CHEBI:25107] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of magnesium in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
magnesium atom
micronutrient
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf magnesium content per leaf dry mass [TOP457] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf magnesium (Mg) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:257] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000032

Leaf manganese (Mn) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000034
preferred label
Leaf manganese (Mn) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Mn_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of manganese [CHEBI:18291] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of manganese in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
20000
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
manganese atom
micronutrient
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf manganese content per leaf dry mass [TOP458] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf manganese (Mn) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:258] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000034

Leaf molybdenum (Mo) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000036
preferred label
Leaf molybdenum (Mo) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Mo_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of molybdenum [CHEBI:28685] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of molybdenum in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
molybdenum atom
micronutrient
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf molybdenum content per leaf dry mass [TOP459] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf molybdenum (Mo) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:259] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000036

Leaf nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000037
preferred label
Leaf nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf area
alternative label
leaf_N_per_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in a leaf to leaf area.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/m2
gram per square metre
minAllowedValue
0.08
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
macronutrient
scope note
none
has exact match
Leaf nitrogen content
leaf nitrogen content
leaf nitrogen concentration
examples
exact match: Leaf nitrogen content per leaf area [TOP481] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf nitrogen (N) content per leaf area [TRY:50] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf nitrogen content per leaf area [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000037

Leaf nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000038
preferred label
Leaf nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_N_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.4
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
macronutrient
scope note
none
has exact match
Leaf nitrogen content
leaf nitrogen content
leaf nitrogen concentration
examples
exact match: Leaf nitrogen content per leaf dry mass [TOP462] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf nitrogen (N) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:14] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf nitrogen content per leaf dry mass [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Mass-based leaf nitrogen content [BROT:7] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000038

Leaf sodium (Na) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000040
preferred label
Leaf sodium (Na) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Na_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sodium [CHEBI:26708] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of sodium in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
20000
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
sodium atom
micronutrient
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf sodium content per leaf dry mass [TOP460] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf sodium (Na) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:260] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000040

Leaf nickel (Ni) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000042
preferred label
Leaf nickel (Ni) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Ni_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nickel [CHEBI:28112] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of nickel in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nickel atom
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf nickel content per leaf dry mass [TOP461] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf nickel (Ni) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:261] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000042

Leaf phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000043
preferred label
Leaf phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf area
alternative label
leaf_P_per_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in a leaf to leaf area.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/m2
gram per square metre
minAllowedValue
0.005
maxAllowedValue
1.2
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
macronutrient
scope note
none
has exact match
leaf phosphorus content
examples
exact match: Leaf phosphorus content per leaf area [TOP482] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf phosphorus (P) content per leaf area [TRY:51] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf phosphorus content per leaf area [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000043

Leaf phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000044
preferred label
Leaf phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_P_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.03
maxAllowedValue
12
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
macronutrient
scope note
none
has exact match
leaf phosphorus content
examples
exact match: Leaf phosphorus content per leaf dry mass [TOP463] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf phosphorus (P) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:15] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf phosphorus content per leaf dry mass [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000044

Leaf sulphur (S) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000046
preferred label
Leaf sulphur (S) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_S_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sulphur [CHEBI:26833] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of sulphur in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
50
maxAllowedValue
50000
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
sulfur atom
micronutrient
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf sulfur content per leaf dry mass [TOP466] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf sulfur (S) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:262] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000046

Leaf selenium (Se) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000048
preferred label
Leaf selenium (Se) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Se_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of selenium [CHEBI:27568] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of selenium in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
ppm
parts per million
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
selenium atom
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf selenium (Se) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:263] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000048

Leaf silicon (Si) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000050
preferred label
Leaf silicon (Si) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Si_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of silicon [CHEBI:27573] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of silicon in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades. Leaf silicon (Si) must not be confused with leaf silica (SiO2). In plants, Si is mostly found as hydrated amorphous silica (SiO2 , nH2O).
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
silicon atom
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf silicon content per leaf dry mass [TOP465] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf silicon (Si) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:264] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Cooke & Leishman 2011
de Tombeur 2023
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-02-13”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Félix de Tombeur
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000050

Leaf zinc (Zn) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000052
preferred label
Leaf zinc (Zn) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_Zn_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of zinc [CHEBI:27363] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of zinc in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
zinc atom
micronutrient
scope note
none
examples
exact match: Leaf zinc content per leaf dry mass [TOP467] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf zinc (Zn) content per leaf dry mass [TRY:268] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000052

Leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000090
preferred label
Leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N)
alternative label
leaf_CN_ratio
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of carbon [CHEBI:27594] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to the mass of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in the leaf.
The ratio of the mass of carbon in a leaf to the mass of nitrogen in the leaf.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbon atom
macronutrient
nitrogen atom
scope note
none
has exact match
Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon
C/N
examples
exact match: Leaf carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio [TRY:146] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf carbon content per leaf nitrogen content [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000090

Leaf nitrogen to phosphorus ratio (N/P) per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000091
preferred label
Leaf nitrogen to phosphorus ratio (N/P) per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_NP_ratio
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to the mass of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in the leaf.
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in a leaf to the mass of phosphorus in the leaf.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
macronutrient
phosphorus atom
examples
exact match: Leaf nitrogen/phosphorus (N/P) ratio [TRY:56] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
N_to_P_ratio
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000091

Senesced leaf aluminium (Al) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000112
preferred label
Senesced leaf aluminium (Al) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_Al_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of aluminium [CHEBI:28984] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of aluminium in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
aluminium atom
senescent
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter aluminium content per litter dry mass [TOP583] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter aluminium (Al ) content per litter dry mass [TRY:987] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_Al_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000112

Senesced leaf boron (B) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000114
preferred label
Senesced leaf boron (B) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_B_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of boron [CHEBI:27560] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of boron in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
boron atom
senescent
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter boron content per litter dry mass [TOP584] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_B_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000114

Senesced leaf carbon (C) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000116
preferred label
Senesced leaf carbon (C) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_C_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of carbon [CHEBI:27594] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of carbon in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbon atom
senescent
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter carbon content per litter dry mass [TOP586] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter carbon (C) content per litter dry mass [TRY:72] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_C_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000116

Senesced leaf calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000118
preferred label
Senesced leaf calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_Ca_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of calcium [CHEBI:22984] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of calcium in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
calcium atom
senescent
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter calcium content per litter dry mass [TOP585] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter (leaf) calcium (Ca) content per leaf litter dry mass [TRY:943] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_Ca_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000118

Senesced leaf copper (Cu) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000126
preferred label
Senesced leaf copper (Cu) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_Cu_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of copper [CHEBI:28694] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of copper in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
copper atom
senescent
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter copper content per litter dry mass [TOP589] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter (leaf) copper (Cu) content per leaf litter dry mass [TRY:947] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_Cu_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000126

Senesced leaf iron (Fe) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000128
preferred label
Senesced leaf iron (Fe) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_Fe_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of iron [CHEBI:18248] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of iron in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
iron atom
senescent
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter iron content per litter dry mass [TOP590] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter (leaf) iron (Fe) content per leaf litter dry mass [TRY:950] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_Fe_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000128

Senesced leaf potassium (K) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000130
preferred label
Senesced leaf potassium (K) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_K_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of potassium [CHEBI:26216] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of potassium in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
potassium atom
senescent
macronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter potassium content per litter dry mass [TOP598] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter (leaf) potassium (K) content per leaf litter dry mass [TRY:958] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_K_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000130

Senesced leaf magnesium (Mg) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000132
preferred label
Senesced leaf magnesium (Mg) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_Mg_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of magnesium [CHEBI:25107] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of magnesium in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
magnesium atom
senescent
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter magnesium content per litter dry mass [TOP591] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter (leaf) magnesium (Mg) content per leaf litter dry mass [TRY:952] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_Mg_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000132

Senesced leaf manganese (Mn) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000134
preferred label
Senesced leaf manganese (Mn) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_Mn_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of manganese [CHEBI:18291] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of manganese in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
manganese atom
senescent
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter manganese content per litter dry mass [TOP592] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter (leaf) manganese (Mn) content per leaf litter dry mass [TRY:953] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_Mn_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000134

Senesced leaf molybdenum (Mo) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000136
preferred label
Senesced leaf molybdenum (Mo) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_Mo_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of molybdenum [CHEBI:28685] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of molybdenum in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
30
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
molybdenum atom
senescent
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter molybdenum content per litter dry mass [TOP593] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter molybdenium (Mo) content per litter dry mass [TRY:999] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_Mo_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000136

Senesced leaf nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000138
preferred label
Senesced leaf nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_N_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
senescent
macronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter nitrogen content per litter dry mass [TOP596] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter (leaf) nitrogen (N) content per leaf litter dry mass [TRY:954] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_N_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000138

Senesced leaf sodium (Na) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000140
preferred label
Senesced leaf sodium (Na) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_Na_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sodium [CHEBI:26708] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of sodium in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
20000
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
sodium atom
senescent
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter sodium content per litter dry mass [TOP594] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter sodium (Na) content per litter dry mass [TRY:1004] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_Na_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000140

Senesced leaf nickel (Ni) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000142
preferred label
Senesced leaf nickel (Ni) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_Ni_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nickel [CHEBI:28112] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of nickel in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
100000
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nickel atom
senescent
plant litter
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_Ni_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000142

Senesced leaf phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000144
preferred label
Senesced leaf phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_P_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.005
maxAllowedValue
15
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
senescent
macronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter phosphorus content per litter dry mass [TOP597] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter (leaf) phosphorus (P) content per leaf litter dry mass [TRY:957] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_P_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000144

Senesced leaf sulphur (S) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000146
preferred label
Senesced leaf sulphur (S) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_S_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sulphur [CHEBI:26833] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of sulphur in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
100
maxAllowedValue
50000
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
sulfur atom
senescent
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter sulfur content per litter dry mass [TOP600] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter (leaf) sulfur (S) content per leaf litter dry mass [TRY:961] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_S_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000146

Senesced leaf zinc (Zn) content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000152
preferred label
Senesced leaf zinc (Zn) content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_senesced_Zn_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of zinc [CHEBI:27363] in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf [PO:0025034] (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the senescent leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of zinc in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to the senescent leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/kg
milligram per kilogram
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
senesced leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
zinc atom
senescent
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Litter zinc content per litter dry mass [TOP601] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Litter (leaf) zinc (Zn) content per leaf litter dry mass [TRY:962] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
senesced_leaf_Zn_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000152

Stem carbon (C) content per unit stem dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000216
preferred label
Stem carbon (C) content per unit stem dry mass
alternative label
stem_C_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of carbon [CHEBI:27594] in a stem [PO:0009047] to stem dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of carbon in a stem to stem dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
100
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbon atom
has exact match
stem carbon content
examples
exact match: Stem carbon content per stem dry mass [TOP491] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Stem carbon (C) content per stem dry mass [TRY:407] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000216

Stem nitrogen (N) content per unit stem dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000238
preferred label
Stem nitrogen (N) content per unit stem dry mass
alternative label
stem_N_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in a stem [PO:0009047] to stem dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in a stem to stem dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
macronutrient
examples
exact match: Stem nitrogen content per stem dry mass [TOP501] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Stem nitrogen (N) content per stem dry mass [TRY:406] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000238

Wood carbon (C) content per unit wood dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000416
preferred label
Wood carbon (C) content per unit wood dry mass
alternative label
wood_C_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of carbon [CHEBI:27594] in wood [PO:0005848] to wood dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of carbon in wood to wood dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
50
maxAllowedValue
750
has broader
wood mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbon atom
wood
plant litter
examples
exact match: Wood carbon content per wood dry mass trait [TOP732] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Stem carbon (C) content per stem dry mass [TRY:407] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000416

Wood calcium (Ca) content per unit wood dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000418
preferred label
Wood calcium (Ca) content per unit wood dry mass
alternative label
wood_Ca_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of calcium [CHEBI:22984] in wood [PO:0005848] to wood dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of calcium in wood to wood dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
wood mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
calcium atom
wood
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Wood calcium content per wood dry mass trait [TOP731] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Stem calcium (Ca) content per stem dry mass [TRY:623] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000418

Wood potassium (K) content per unit wood dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000430
preferred label
Wood potassium (K) content per unit wood dry mass
alternative label
wood_K_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of potassium [CHEBI:26216] in wood [PO:0005848] to wood dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of potassium in wood to wood dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
wood mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
potassium atom
wood
macronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Wood potassium content per wood dry mass trait [TOP744] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Stem potassium (K) content per stem dry mass [TRY:628] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000430

Wood magnesium (Mg) content per unit wood dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000432
preferred label
Wood magnesium (Mg) content per unit wood dry mass
alternative label
wood_Mg_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of magnesium [CHEBI:25107] in wood [PO:0005848] to wood dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of magnesium in wood to wood dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
wood mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
magnesium atom
wood
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Wood magnesium content per wood dry mass trait [TOP737] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Stem magnesium (Mg) content per stem dry mass [TRY:624] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000432

Wood nitrogen (N) content per unit wood dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000438
preferred label
Wood nitrogen (N) content per unit wood dry mass
alternative label
wood_N_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in wood [PO:0005848] to wood dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in wood to wood dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
wood mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
wood
macronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Wood nitrogen content per wood dry mass trait [TOP742] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Wood nitrogen (N) content per wood dry mass [TRY:1229] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000438

Wood sodium (Na) content per unit wood dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000440
preferred label
Wood sodium (Na) content per unit wood dry mass
alternative label
wood_Na_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sodium [CHEBI:26708] in wood [PO:0005848] to wood dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of sodium in wood to wood dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
wood mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
sodium atom
wood
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Wood sodium content per wood dry mass trait [TOP740] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Stem sodium (Na) content per stem dry mass [TRY:627] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000440

Wood phosphorus (P) content per unit wood dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000444
preferred label
Wood phosphorus (P) content per unit wood dry mass
alternative label
wood_P_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in wood [PO:0005848] to wood dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in wood to wood dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
wood mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
wood
macronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Wood phosphorus content per wood dry mass trait [TOP743] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Stem phosphorus (P) content per stem dry mass [TRY:616] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000444

Dead wood calcium (Ca) content per unit dead wood dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000518
preferred label
Dead wood calcium (Ca) content per unit dead wood dry mass
alternative label
wood_dead_Ca_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of calcium [CHEBI:22984] in senescent [PATO:0001487] wood [PO:0005848] (litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the dry mass of the senesced wood.
The ratio of the mass of calcium in senescent wood (litter) to the dry mass of the senesced wood.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
senesced wood mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
calcium atom
senescent
wood
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Coarse woody debris calcium content per coarse woody debris dry mass trait [TOP750] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Litter (other than leaf: twigs, bark, flowers…) calcium (Ca) content per litter dry mass [TRY:2892] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
dead_wood_Ca_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000518

Dead wood potassium (K) content per unit dead wood dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000530
preferred label
Dead wood potassium (K) content per unit dead wood dry mass
alternative label
wood_dead_K_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of potassium [CHEBI:26216] in senescent [PATO:0001487] wood [PO:0005848] (litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the dry mass of the senesced wood.
The ratio of the mass of potassium in senescent wood (litter) to the dry mass of the senesced wood.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
senesced wood mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
potassium atom
senescent
wood
macronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Coarse woody debris potassium content per coarse woody debris dry mass trait [TOP763] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Litter (other than leaf: twigs, bark, flowers…) potassium (K) content per litter dry mass [TRY:2891] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
dead_wood_K_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000530

Dead wood magnesium (Mg) content per unit dead wood dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000532
preferred label
Dead wood magnesium (Mg) content per unit dead wood dry mass
alternative label
wood_dead_Mg_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of magnesium [CHEBI:25107] in senescent [PATO:0001487] wood [PO:0005848] (litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the dry mass of the senesced wood.
The ratio of the mass of magnesium in senescent wood (litter) to the dry mass of the senesced wood.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
senesced wood mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
magnesium atom
senescent
wood
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Coarse woody debris magnesium content per coarse woody debris dry mass trait [TOP756] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Litter (other than leaf: twigs, bark, flowers…) magnesium (Mg) content per litter dry mass [TRY:2893] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
dead_wood_Mg_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000532

Dead wood nitrogen (N) content per unit dead wood dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000538
preferred label
Dead wood nitrogen (N) content per unit dead wood dry mass
alternative label
wood_dead_N_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in senescent [PATO:0001487] wood [PO:0005848] (litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the dry mass of the senesced wood.
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in senescent wood (litter) to the dry mass of the senesced wood.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
senesced wood mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
senescent
wood
macronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Coarse woody debris nitrogen content per coarse woody debris dry mass trait [TOP761] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Litter twig nitrogen (N) content per twig dry mass [TRY:1199] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
dead_wood_N_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000538

Dead wood sodium (Na) content per unit dead wood dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000540
preferred label
Dead wood sodium (Na) content per unit dead wood dry mass
alternative label
wood_dead_Na_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sodium [CHEBI:26708] in senescent [PATO:0001487] wood [PO:0005848] (litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the dry mass of the senesced wood.
The ratio of the mass of sodium in senescent wood (litter) to the dry mass of the senesced wood.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
senesced wood mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
sodium atom
senescent
wood
micronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Coarse woody debris sodium content per coarse woody debris dry mass trait [TOP759] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Litter (other than leaf: twigs, bark, flowers…) sodium (Na) content per litter dry mass [TRY:2898] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
dead_wood_Na_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000540

Dead wood phosphorus (P) content per unit dead wood dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000544
preferred label
Dead wood phosphorus (P) content per unit dead wood dry mass
alternative label
wood_dead_P_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in senescent [PATO:0001487] wood [PO:0005848] (litter [ENVO:01000628]) to the dry mass of the senesced wood.
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in senescent wood (litter) to the dry mass of the senesced wood.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
senesced wood mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
senescent
wood
macronutrient
plant litter
examples
exact match: Coarse woody debris phosphorus content per coarse woody debris dry mass trait [TOP762] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Litter other than leaf phosphorus (P) content per litter dry mass [TRY:2890] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
dead_wood_P_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000544

Bark aluminium (Al) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000612
preferred label
Bark aluminium (Al) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_Al_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of aluminium [CHEBI:28984] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of aluminium in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
aluminium atom
examples
exact match: Bark aluminium content per bark dry mass [TOP373] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000612

Bark boron (B) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000614
preferred label
Bark boron (B) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_B_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of boron [CHEBI:27560] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of boron in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
boron atom
micronutrient
examples
exact match: Bark boron content per bark dry mass [TOP374] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000614

Bark carbon (C) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000616
preferred label
Bark carbon (C) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_C_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of carbon [CHEBI:27594] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of carbon in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
50
maxAllowedValue
750
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbon atom
examples
exact match: Bark carbon content per bark dry mass [TOP376] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Bark carbon (C) content per bark dry mass [TRY:617] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000616

Bark calcium (Ca) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000618
preferred label
Bark calcium (Ca) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_Ca_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of calcium [CHEBI:22984] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of calcium in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
calcium atom
micronutrient
examples
exact match: Bark calcium content per bark dry mass [TOP375] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Bark calcium (Ca) content per bark dry mass [TRY:2957] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000618

Bark copper (Cu) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000626
preferred label
Bark copper (Cu) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_Cu_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of copper [CHEBI:28694] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of copper in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.0001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
copper atom
micronutrient
examples
exact match: Bark copper content per bark dry mass [TOP379] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Bark copper (Cu) content per bark dry mass [TRY:2958] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000626

Bark iron (Fe) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000628
preferred label
Bark iron (Fe) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_Fe_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of iron [CHEBI:18248] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of iron in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
iron atom
micronutrient
examples
exact match: Bark iron content per bark dry mass [TOP380] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Bark iron (Fe) content per bark dry mass [TRY:2959] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000628

Bark potassium (K) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000630
preferred label
Bark potassium (K) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_K_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of potassium [CHEBI:26216] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of potassium in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
potassium atom
macronutrient
examples
exact match: Bark potassium content per bark dry mass [TOP388] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Bark potassium (K) content per bark dry mass [TRY:2960] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000630

Bark magnesium (Mg) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000632
preferred label
Bark magnesium (Mg) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_Mg_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of magnesium [CHEBI:25107] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of magnesium in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
magnesium atom
micronutrient
examples
exact match: Bark magnesium content per bark dry mass [TOP381] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Bark magnesium (Mg) content per bark dry mass [TRY:2961] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000632

Bark manganese (Mn) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000634
preferred label
Bark manganese (Mn) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_Mn_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of manganese [CHEBI:18291] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of manganese in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
manganese atom
micronutrient
examples
exact match: Bark manganese content per bark dry mass [TOP382] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Bark manganese (Mn) content per bark dry mass [TRY:2962] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000634

Bark nitrogen (N) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000638
preferred label
Bark nitrogen (N) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_N_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
macronutrient
examples
exact match: Bark nitrogen content per bark dry mass [TOP386] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Bark nitrogen (N) content per bark dry mass [TRY:618] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000638

Bark sodium (Na) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000640
preferred label
Bark sodium (Na) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_Na_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sodium [CHEBI:26708] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of sodium in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
sodium atom
micronutrient
examples
exact match: Bark sodium content per bark dry mass [TOP384] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000640

Bark phosphorus (P) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000644
preferred label
Bark phosphorus (P) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_P_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
macronutrient
examples
exact match: Bark phosphorus content per bark dry mass [TOP387] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Bark phosphorus (P) content per bark dry mass [TRY:619] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000644

Bark sulphur (S) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000646
preferred label
Bark sulphur (S) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_S_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sulphur [CHEBI:26833] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of sulphur in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
sulfur atom
micronutrient
examples
exact match: Bark sulfur content per bark dry mass [TOP390] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Bark sulfur (S) content per bark dry mass [TRY:2963] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000646

Bark zinc (Zn) content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000652
preferred label
Bark zinc (Zn) content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_Zn_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of zinc [CHEBI:27363] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of zinc in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
zinc atom
micronutrient
examples
exact match: Bark zinc content per bark dry mass [TOP391] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Bark zinc (Zn) content per bark dry mass [TRY:2964] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000652

Root carbon (C) content per unit root dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000816
preferred label
Root carbon (C) content per unit root dry mass
alternative label
root_C_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of carbon [CHEBI:27594] in roots [PO:0009005] to root dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of carbon in roots to root dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
50
maxAllowedValue
750
has broader
root mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbon atom
has exact match
root carbon content
examples
exact match: Root carbon content per root dry mass trait [TOP713] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Root carbon (C) content per root dry mass [TRY:84] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000816

Root nitrogen (N) content per unit root dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000838
preferred label
Root nitrogen (N) content per unit root dry mass
alternative label
root_N_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in roots [PO:0009005] to root dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in roots to root dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
root mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
macronutrient
has exact match
root nitrogen content
examples
exact match: Root nitrogen content per root dry mass trait [TOP723] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Root nitrogen (N) content per root dry mass [TRY:80] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000838

Root phosphorus (P) content per unit root dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0000844
preferred label
Root phosphorus (P) content per unit root dry mass
alternative label
root_P_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in roots [PO:0009005] to root dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in roots to root dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
root mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
macronutrient
has exact match
root system phosphorus content
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0000844

Flower nitrogen (N) content per unit flower dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001038
preferred label
Flower nitrogen (N) content per unit flower dry mass
alternative label
flower_N_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in flowers [PO:0009046] to flower dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in flowers to flower dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.5
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
reproduction
nitrogen atom
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001038

Fruit calcium (Ca) content per unit fruit dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001118
preferred label
Fruit calcium (Ca) content per unit fruit dry mass
alternative label
fruit_Ca_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of calcium [CHEBI:22984] in fruit [PO:0009001] to fruit dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of calcium in fruit to fruit dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.5
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
calcium atom
micronutrient
reproduction
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001118

Fruit potassium (K) content per unit fruit dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001130
preferred label
Fruit potassium (K) content per unit fruit dry mass
alternative label
fruit_K_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of potassium [CHEBI:26216] in fruit [PO:0009001] to fruit dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of potassium in fruit to fruit dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.5
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
potassium atom
macronutrient
reproduction
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001130

Fruit magnesium (Mg) content per unit fruit dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001132
preferred label
Fruit magnesium (Mg) content per unit fruit dry mass
alternative label
fruit_Mg_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of magnesium [CHEBI:25107] in fruit [PO:0009001] to fruit dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of magnesium in fruit to fruit dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.05
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
magnesium atom
micronutrient
reproduction
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001132

Fruit nitrogen (N) content per unit fruit dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001138
preferred label
Fruit nitrogen (N) content per unit fruit dry mass
alternative label
fruit_N_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in fruit [PO:0009001] to fruit dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in fruit to fruit dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.5
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
macronutrient
reproduction
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001138

Fruit phosphorus (P) content per unit fruit dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001144
preferred label
Fruit phosphorus (P) content per unit fruit dry mass
alternative label
fruit_P_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in fruit [PO:0009001] to fruit dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in fruit to fruit dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
macronutrient
reproduction
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001144

Fruit sulphur (S) content per unit fruit dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001146
preferred label
Fruit sulphur (S) content per unit fruit dry mass
alternative label
fruit_S_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sulphur [CHEBI:26833] in fruit [PO:0009001] to fruit dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of sulphur in fruit to fruit dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.05
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
sulfur atom
micronutrient
reproduction
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001146

Seed calcium (Ca) content per unit seed dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001218
preferred label
Seed calcium (Ca) content per unit seed dry mass
alternative label
seed_Ca_per_seed_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of calcium [CHEBI:22984] in seeds [PO:0009010] to seed dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of calcium in seeds to seed dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
calcium atom
micronutrient
reproduction
examples
exact match: Seed calcium content per seed dry mass [TOP566] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
seed_Ca_concentration
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001218

Seed potassium (K) content per unit seed dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001230
preferred label
Seed potassium (K) content per unit seed dry mass
alternative label
seed_K_per_seed_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of potassium [CHEBI:26216] in seeds [PO:0009010] to seed dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of potassium in seeds to seed dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
potassium atom
macronutrient
reproduction
examples
exact match: Seed potassium content per seed dry mass [TOP579] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
seed_K_concentration
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001230

Seed magnesium (Mg) content per unit seed dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001232
preferred label
Seed magnesium (Mg) content per unit seed dry mass
alternative label
seed_Mg_per_seed_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of magnesium [CHEBI:25107] in seeds [PO:0009010] to seed dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of magnesium in seeds to seed dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
magnesium atom
micronutrient
reproduction
examples
exact match: Seed magnesium content per seed dry mass [TOP572] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
seed_Mg_concentration
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001232

Seed nitrogen (N) content per unit seed dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001238
preferred label
Seed nitrogen (N) content per unit seed dry mass
alternative label
seed_N_per_seed_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in seeds [PO:0009010] to seed dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in seeds to seed dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
macronutrient
reproduction
has exact match
concentration of nitrogen in seeds
examples
exact match: Seed nitrogen content per seed dry mass [TOP577] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Seed nitrogen (N) content per dry mass (or diaspore) [TRY:2945] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
seed_N_concentration
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001238

Seed phosphorus (P) content per unit seed dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001244
preferred label
Seed phosphorus (P) content per unit seed dry mass
alternative label
seed_P_per_seed_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in seeds [PO:0009010] to seed dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in seeds to seed dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
macronutrient
reproduction
has exact match
seed phosphorus content
examples
exact match: Seed phosphorus content per seed dry mass [TOP578] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Seed phosphorus (P) content per dry mass (or diaspore) [TRY:3000] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
seed_P_concentration
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001244

Seed sulphur (S) content per unit seed dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001246
preferred label
Seed sulphur (S) content per unit seed dry mass
alternative label
seed_S_per_seed_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sulphur [CHEBI:26833] in seeds [PO:0009010] to seed dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of sulphur in seeds to seed dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
reproductive shoot system mineral and ion content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
sulfur atom
micronutrient
reproduction
examples
exact match: Seed sulfur content per seed dry mass [TOP581] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
seed_S_concentration
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001246

Leaf cell wall nitrogen (N) per unit cell wall dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001511
preferred label
Leaf cell wall nitrogen (N) per unit cell wall dry mass
alternative label
leaf_cell_wall_N_per_cell_wall_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in the plant cell wall [GO:0009505] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to the cell wall dry mass in the leaf.
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in the plant cell wall in a leaf to the cell wall dry mass in the leaf.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{N}/g
micromole per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
macronutrient
cell
plant-type cell wall
examples
exact match: Leaf cell wall nitrogen (N) content per cell wall dry mass [TRY:3376] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Leaf cell wall nitrogen (N) content per leaf area [TRY:3377] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
leaf_cell_wall_N
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001511

Leaf cell wall nitrogen (N) per unit leaf N content

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001512
preferred label
Leaf cell wall nitrogen (N) per unit leaf N content
alternative label
leaf_cell_wall_N_per_leaf_N
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in the plant cell wall [GO:0009505] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to the mass of nitrogen in the leaf.
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in the plant cell wall in a leaf to the mass of nitrogen in the leaf.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mg
milligram per milligram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
macronutrient
cell
plant-type cell wall
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
leaf_cell_wall_N_fraction
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001512

Leaf rubisco nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf N content

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001513
preferred label
Leaf rubisco nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf N content
alternative label
leaf_rubisco_N_per_total_leaf_N
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in rubisco [MESH:D012273] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to the mass of nitrogen in a leaf.
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in rubisco in a leaf to the mass of nitrogen in a leaf.
comments
This trait is most commonly measured on leaf tissue. If the Rubisco concentration of a different tissue is measured, this should be explicitly noted in the methods or as a method context.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.05
maxAllowedValue
0.5
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
macronutrient
cell
protein
Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase
chloroplast
has related match
rubisco to nitrogen content ratio
examples
exact match: Leaf nitrogen (N) fraction in Rubisco [TRY:187] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_rubisco_N_per_total_N
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001513

Leaf thylakoid protein nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf N content

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001514
preferred label
Leaf thylakoid protein nitrogen (N) content per unit leaf N content
alternative label
leaf_thylakoid_N_per_total_leaf_N
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] in thylakoid [GO:0009579] proteins [CHEBI:36080] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to the mass of nitrogen in a leaf.
The ratio of the mass of nitrogen in thylakoid proteins in a leaf to the mass of nitrogen in a leaf.
comments
This trait is most commonly measured on leaf tissue. If the Rubisco concentration of a different tissue is measured, this should be explicitly noted in the methods or as a method context.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.05
maxAllowedValue
0.3
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
nitrogen atom
macronutrient
cell
protein
thylakoid
chloroplast
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_thylakoid_N_per_total_N
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001514

Leaf epidermis calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001611
preferred label
Leaf epidermis calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_epidermis_Ca_per_fresh_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of calcium [CHEBI:22984] in epidermal cells [PO:0004013] to epidermal cell fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of the mass of calcium in epidermal cells to epidermal cell fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{Ca}/g
micromole per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
500
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
calcium atom
epidermal cell
cell
micronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_epidermis_Ca_per_fresh_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001611

Leaf hypodermis calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001612
preferred label
Leaf hypodermis calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_hypodermis_Ca_per_fresh_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of calcium [CHEBI:22984] in the hypodermis [PO:0005051] to hypodermis fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of the mass of calcium in the hypodermis to hypodermis fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{Ca}/g
micromole per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
500
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
calcium atom
hypodermis
cell
micronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_hypodermis_Ca_per_fresh_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001612

Leaf internal parenchyma cell calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001613
preferred label
Leaf internal parenchyma cell calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_internal_parenchyma_Ca_per_fresh_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of calcium [CHEBI:22984] in parenchyma cells [PO:0000074] to parenchyma cell fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of the mass of calcium in parenchyma cells to parenchyma cell fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{Ca}/g
micromole per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
500
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
calcium atom
parenchyma cell
cell
micronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_internal_parenchyma_Ca_per_fresh_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001613

Leaf palisade mesophyll cell calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001614
preferred label
Leaf palisade mesophyll cell calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_palisade_mesophyll_Ca_per_fresh_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of calcium [CHEBI:22984] in palisade mesophyll cells [PO:0006206] to palisade mesophyll cell fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of the mass of calcium in palisade mesophyll cells to palisade mesophyll cell fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{Ca}/g
micromole per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
calcium atom
palisade mesophyll cell
cell
micronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_palisade_mesophyll_Ca_per_fresh_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001614

Leaf sclerenchyma cell calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001615
preferred label
Leaf sclerenchyma cell calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_sclerenchyma_Ca_per_fresh_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of calcium [CHEBI:22984] in sclerenchyma cells [PO:0000077] to sclerenchyma cell fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of the mass of calcium in sclerenchyma cells to sclerenchyma cell fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{Ca}/g
micromole per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
calcium atom
sclerenchyma cell
cell
micronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_sclerenchyma_Ca_per_fresh_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001615

Leaf spongy mesophyll cell calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001616
preferred label
Leaf spongy mesophyll cell calcium (Ca) content per unit leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_spongy_mesophyll_Ca_per_fresh_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of calcium [CHEBI:22984] in spongy mesophyll cells [PO:0006205] to spongy mesophyll cell fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of the mass of calcium in spongy mesophyll cells to spongy mesophyll cell fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{Ca}/g
micromole per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
calcium atom
spongy mesophyll cell
cell
micronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_spongy_mesophyll_Ca_per_fresh_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001616

Leaf epidermis phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001661
preferred label
Leaf epidermis phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_epidermis_P_per_fresh_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in epidermal cells [PO:0004013] to epidermal cell fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in epidermal cells to epidermal cell fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{P}/g
micromole per gram
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
epidermal cell
cell
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_epidermis_P_per_fresh_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001661

Leaf hypodermis phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001662
preferred label
Leaf hypodermis phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_hypodermis_P_per_fresh_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in the hypodermis [PO:0005051] to hypodermis fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in the hypodermis to hypodermis fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{P}/g
micromole per gram
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
hypodermis
cell
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_hypodermis_P_per_fresh_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001662

Leaf internal parenchyma cell phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001663
preferred label
Leaf internal parenchyma cell phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_internal_parenchyma_P_per_fresh_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in parenchyma cells [PO:0000074] to parenchyma cell fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in parenchyma cells to parenchyma cell fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{P}/g
micromole per gram
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
parenchyma cell
cell
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_internal_parenchyma_P_per_fresh_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001663

Leaf palisade mesophyll cell phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001664
preferred label
Leaf palisade mesophyll cell phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_palisade_mesophyll_P_per_fresh_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in palisade mesophyll cells [PO:0006206] to palisade mesophyll cell fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in palisade mesophyll cells to palisade mesophyll cell fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{P}/g
micromole per gram
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
30
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
palisade mesophyll cell
cell
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_palisade_mesophyll_P_per_fresh_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001664

Leaf sclerenchyma cell phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001665
preferred label
Leaf sclerenchyma cell phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_sclerenchyma_P_per_fresh_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in sclerenchyma cells [PO:0000077] to sclerenchyma cell fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in sclerenchyma cells to sclerenchyma cell fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{P}/g
micromole per gram
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
sclerenchyma cell
cell
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_sclerenchyma_P_per_fresh_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001665

Leaf spongy mesophyll cell phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001666
preferred label
Leaf spongy mesophyll cell phosphorus (P) content per unit leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_spongy_mesophyll_P_per_fresh_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in spongy mesophyll cells [PO:0006205] to spongy mesophyll cell fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in spongy mesophyll cells to spongy mesophyll cell fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{P}/g
micromole per gram
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
30
has broader
cell or tissue mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
spongy mesophyll cell
cell
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_spongy_mesophyll_P_per_fresh_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001666

Lipid fraction of leaf P content per dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001667
preferred label
Lipid fraction of leaf P content per dry mass
alternative label
leaf_lipid_P_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in a leaf [PO:0025034] allocated to lipids [CHEBI:18059] to leaf total dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in the lipid fraction of a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
lipid
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001667

Nucleic acid fraction of leaf P content per dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001668
preferred label
Nucleic acid fraction of leaf P content per dry mass
alternative label
leaf_nucleic_acid_P_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of the fraction of total phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in a leaf [PO:0025034] allocated to nucleic acids [CHEBI:33696] to leaf total dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in the lipid fraction of a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
nucleic acid
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001668

Residual P fraction of leaf P content per dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001669
preferred label
Residual P fraction of leaf P content per dry mass
alternative label
leaf_residual_P_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in a leaf [PO:0025034] allocated to residual P to leaf total dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in the lipid fraction of a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001669

Inorganic P fraction of leaf P content per dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001670
preferred label
Inorganic P fraction of leaf P content per dry mass
alternative label
leaf_inorganic_P_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in a leaf [PO:0025034] that is inorganic [NCIT:C66829] P to leaf total dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in the lipid fraction of a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
20
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
inorganic
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001670

Metabolite fraction of leaf P content per dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0001671
preferred label
Metabolite fraction of leaf P content per dry mass
alternative label
leaf_metabolite_P_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] in a leaf [PO:0025034] allocated to metabolites [NCIT:C61154] to leaf total dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of phosphorus in the lipid fraction of a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.0001
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phosphorus atom
metabolite
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0001671

Leaf total non-structural carbohydrate content per unit leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002021
preferred label
Leaf total non-structural carbohydrate content per unit leaf area
alternative label
leaf_total_non-structural_carbohydrates_per_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of non-structural carbohydrates [CHEBI:16646] (sugars [APD:glossary/40106]) in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323], where non-structural carbohydrates are carbohydrates that do not comprise the cell wall [GO:0009505].
The ratio of the mass of non-structural carbohydrates (sugars) in a leaf to leaf area, where non-structural carbohydrates are carbohydrates that do not comprise the cell wall.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/m2
gram per square metre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
carbohydrate content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbohydrate
starch
sugar
non-structural carbohydrates
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002021

Leaf total non-structural carbohydrate content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002022
preferred label
Leaf total non-structural carbohydrate content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_total_non-structural_carbohydrates_per_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of non-structural carbohydrates [CHEBI:16646] (sugars [APD:glossary/40106]) in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014], where non-structural carbohydrates are carbohydrates that do not comprise the cell wall [GO:0009505].
The ratio of the mass of non-structural carbohydrates (sugars) in a leaf to leaf dry mass, where non-structural carbohydrates are carbohydrates that do not comprise the cell wall.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
carbohydrate content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbohydrate
starch
sugar
non-structural carbohydrates
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002022

Leaf cellulose content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002024
preferred label
Leaf cellulose content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_cellulose_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of cellulose [CHEBI:62967] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of cellulose in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mg
milligram per milligram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
carbohydrate content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
amorphous cellulose
carbohydrate
has related match
cellulose content
examples
exact match: Leaf cellulose content per leaf dry mass [TOP819] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf cellulose content per leaf dry mass [TRY:92] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002024

Leaf starch content per unit leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002025
preferred label
Leaf starch content per unit leaf area
alternative label
leaf_starch_per_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of total starch [CHEBI:28017] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The ratio of the mass of total starch in a leaf to leaf area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/m2
gram per square metre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
carbohydrate content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
starch
carbohydrate
has related match
starch content
examples
exact match: Leaf starch content per leaf dry mass [TRY:505] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
starch_per_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002025

Leaf soluble starch content per unit leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002027
preferred label
Leaf soluble starch content per unit leaf area
alternative label
leaf_soluble_starch_per_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] soluble [PATO:0001537] starch [CHEBI:28017] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The ratio of the mass of water soluble starch in a leaf to leaf area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/m2
gram per square metre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
carbohydrate content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
starch
carbohydrate
examples
exact match: Leaf starch content per leaf dry mass [TRY:505] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
soluble_starch_per_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002027

Leaf soluble starch content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002028
preferred label
Leaf soluble starch content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_soluble_starch_per_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] soluble [PATO:0001537] starch [CHEBI:28017] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of water soluble starch in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
carbohydrate content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
starch
carbohydrate
examples
exact match: Leaf starch content per leaf dry mass [TRY:505] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002028

Leaf soluble sugar content per unit leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002031
preferred label
Leaf soluble sugar content per unit leaf area
alternative label
leaf_soluble_sugars_per_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sugar [APD:glossary/40106] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323], where ‘sugar’ refers to an informal grouping of carbohydrates [CHEBI:16646] that are soluble in [PATO:0001537] water [CHEBI:15377], including both monosaccharides [CHEBI:35381] and disaccharides [CHEBI:36233].
The ratio of the mass of sugar in a leaf to leaf area, where ‘sugar’ refers to an informal grouping of carbohydrates that are soluble in water, including both monosaccharides and disaccharides.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/m2
gram per square metre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
carbohydrate content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbohydrate
monosaccharide
disaccharide
sugar
has related match
total soluble sugar content
examples
exact match: Leaf sugar content per leaf area [TOP920] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf sugar content per leaf dry mass [TRY:506] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
soluble_sugars_per_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002031

Leaf soluble sugar content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002032
preferred label
Leaf soluble sugar content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_soluble_sugars_per_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sugar [APD:glossary/40106] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014], where ‘sugar’ refers to an informal grouping of carbohydrates [CHEBI:16646] that are soluble in [PATO:0001537] water [CHEBI:15377], including both monosaccharides [CHEBI:35381] and disaccharides [CHEBI:36233].
The ratio of the mass of sugar in a leaf to leaf dry mass, where ‘sugar’ refers to an informal grouping of carbohydrates that are soluble in water, including both monosaccharides and disaccharides.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
carbohydrate content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbohydrate
monosaccharide
disaccharide
sugar
has related match
total soluble sugar content
examples
exact match: Leaf sugar content per leaf dry mass [TOP919] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf sugar content per leaf dry mass [TRY:506] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002032

Leaf soluble protein content per unit leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002035
preferred label
Leaf soluble protein content per unit leaf area
alternative label
leaf_soluble_protein_per_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] soluble [PATO:0001537] protein [CHEBI:36080] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The ratio of the mass of water soluble protein in a leaf to leaf area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/m2
gram per square metre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
20
has broader
protein content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
protein
has exact match
Leaf soluble protein content
has related match
soluble protein content
examples
close match: Leaf protein content per leaf dry mass [TRY:503] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
soluble_protein_per_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002035

Leaf insoluble protein content per unit leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002037
preferred label
Leaf insoluble protein content per unit leaf area
alternative label
leaf_insoluble_protein_per_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] insoluble [PATO:0001538] protein [CHEBI:36080] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The ratio of the mass of water insoluble protein in a leaf to leaf area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/m2
gram per square metre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
20
has broader
protein content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
protein
examples
close match: Leaf protein content per leaf dry mass [TRY:503] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
insoluble_protein_per_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002037

Leaf lignin content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002050
preferred label
Leaf lignin content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_lignin_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of lignin [CHEBI:6457] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of lignin in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
phenolic compound content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
lignin
has related match
lignin content
examples
exact match: Leaf lignin content per leaf dry mass [TOP844] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf lignin content per leaf dry mass [TRY:87] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-02-13”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Félix de Tombeur
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002050

Total leaf phenolic content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002052
preferred label
Total leaf phenolic content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_phenol_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of phenol [CHEBI:33853] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014], where phenol content is measured as gallic acid [CHEBI:30778] equivalents.
The ratio of the mass of phenol in a leaf to leaf dry mass, where phenol content is measured as gallic acid equivalents.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
phenolic compound content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phenol
gallic acid
examples
exact match: Leaf phenols content per leaf dry mass [TRY:147] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Salminen & Karonen 2011
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-02-13”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Félix de Tombeur
change note
leaf_phenol_content_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002052

Leaf tannin content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002054
preferred label
Leaf tannin content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_tannin_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of tannins [CHEBI:26848] (a class of polyphenols [CHEBI:26195]) in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of tannins (a class of polyphenols) in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
Tannins are a specific class of polyphenolic compounds found in plants.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
phenolic compound content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
phenol
tannin
polyphenol
examples
exact match: Leaf tannin content per leaf dry mass [TRY:148] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Salminen & Karonen 2011
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-06”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-02-13”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Félix de Tombeur
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002054

Leaf carotenoid content per unit leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002055
preferred label
Leaf carotenoid content per unit leaf area
alternative label
leaf_carotenoid_per_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of carotenoids [CHEBI:23044] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The ratio of the mass of carotenoids in a leaf to leaf area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{carotenoid}/m2
micromole per square metre
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
pigment content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
carotenoid
has related match
carotenoid content
examples
exact match: Leaf carotenoid content per leaf area [TRY:491] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
carotenoid_per_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002055

Leaf carotenoid content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002056
preferred label
Leaf carotenoid content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_carotenoid_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of carotenoids [CHEBI:23044] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of carotenoids in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{carotenoid}/kg
millimole per kilogram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
pigment content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carotenoid
has related match
carotenoid content
examples
exact match: Leaf carotenoid content per leaf dry mass [TRY:809] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
carotenoid_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002056

Leaf total chlorophyll content (chlorophyll A + B) per unit leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002081
preferred label
Leaf total chlorophyll content (chlorophyll A + B) per unit leaf area
alternative label
leaf_chlorophyll_per_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of chlorophyll [CHEBI:28966] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323], where chlorophyll content is the sum of chlorophyll a [CHEBI:18230] and chlorophyll b [CHEBI:27888] content.
The ratio of the mass of chlorophyll in a leaf to leaf area, where chlorophyll content is the sum of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{chlorophyll}/m2
micromole per square metre
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
pigment content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
chlorophyll
chlorophyll a
chlorophyll b
chloroplast
has exact match
Leaf chlorophyll content
has close match
leaf chlorophyll content
has related match
chlorophyll content
examples
exact match: Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf area [TRY:413] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
chlorophyll_per_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002081

Leaf total chlorophyll content (chlorophyll A + B) per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002082
preferred label
Leaf total chlorophyll content (chlorophyll A + B) per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_chlorophyll_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of chlorophyll [CHEBI:28966] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014], where chlorophyll content is the sum of chlorophyll a [CHEBI:18230] and chlorophyll b [CHEBI:27888] content.
The ratio of the mass of chlorophyll in a leaf to leaf dry mass, where chlorophyll content is the sum of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{chlorophyll}/kg
millimole per kilogram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
15
has broader
pigment content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
chlorophyll
chlorophyll a
chlorophyll b
chloroplast
has exact match
Leaf chlorophyll content
has close match
leaf chlorophyll content
has related match
chlorophyll content
examples
exact match: Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf dry mass [TRY:164] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
chlorophyll_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002082

Leaf chlorophyll A content per unit leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002083
preferred label
Leaf chlorophyll A content per unit leaf area
alternative label
leaf_chlorophyll_A_per_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of chlorophyll a [CHEBI:18230] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The ratio of the mass of chlorophyll a in a leaf to leaf area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{chlorophyllA}/m2
micromole per square metre
minAllowedValue
50
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
pigment content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
chlorophyll a
chlorophyll
chloroplast
has close match
Chlorophyll a
chlorophyll a content
examples
exact match: Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf area (Chl a) [TRY:3476] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
chlorophyll_A_per_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002083

Leaf chlorophyll A content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002084
preferred label
Leaf chlorophyll A content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_chlorophyll_A_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of chlorophyll a [CHEBI:18230] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of chlorophyll a in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{chlorophyllA}/kg
millimole per kilogram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
pigment content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
chlorophyll a
chlorophyll
chloroplast
has exact match
Chlorophyll a
has close match
chlorophyll a content
examples
exact match: Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf dry mass (Chl a) [TRY:3474] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
chlorophyll_A_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002084

Leaf chlorophyll B content per unit leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002085
preferred label
Leaf chlorophyll B content per unit leaf area
alternative label
leaf_chlorophyll_B_per_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of chlorophyll b [CHEBI:27888] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The ratio of the mass of chlorophyll b in a leaf to leaf area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{chlorophyllB}/m2
micromole per square metre
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
pigment content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
chlorophyll b
chlorophyll
chloroplast
has close match
Chlorophyll b
chlorophyll b content
examples
exact match: Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf area (Chl b) [TRY:3477] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
chlorophyll_B_per_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002085

Leaf chlorophyll B content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002086
preferred label
Leaf chlorophyll B content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_chlorophyll_B_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of chlorophyll b [CHEBI:27888] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of chlorophyll b in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{chlorophyllB}/kg
millimole per kilogram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
pigment content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
chlorophyll b
chlorophyll
chloroplast
has exact match
Chlorophyll b
has close match
chlorophyll b content
examples
exact match: Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf dry mass (Chl b) [TRY:3475] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
chlorophyll_B_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002086

Ratio of leaf chlorophyll A content to leaf chlorophyll B content

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002087
preferred label
Ratio of leaf chlorophyll A content to leaf chlorophyll B content
alternative label
leaf_chlorophyll_A_B_ratio
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of chlorophyll a [CHEBI:18230] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to the mass of chlorophyll b [CHEBI:27888] in the leaf.
The ratio of the mass of chlorophyll a in a leaf to the mass of chlorophyll b in the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{chlorophyllA}/umol{chlorophyllB}
micromole per micromole
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
6
has broader
pigment content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
keyword
chlorophyll a
chlorophyll b
chlorophyll
chloroplast
has exact match
Chlorophyll a to b ratio
chlorophyll ratio
examples
exact match: Leaf chlorophyll a/b ratio [TRY:416] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
chlorophyll_A_B_ratio
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002087

Leaf rubisco content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002090
preferred label
Leaf rubisco content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_rubisco_per_leaf_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of rubisco [MESH:D012273] in a leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of rubisco in a leaf to leaf dry mass.
comments
This trait is most commonly measured on leaf tissue. If the Rubisco concentration of a different tissue is measured, this should be explicitly noted in the methods or as a method context.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
5
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
protein content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase
chloroplast
protein
has exact match
Leaf rubisco content
has close match
rubisco content
examples
close match: Leaf Rubisco content per leaf area [TRY:504] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
cell_rubisco_concentration
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002090

Stem soluble starch content per unit stem dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002127
preferred label
Stem soluble starch content per unit stem dry mass
alternative label
stem_soluble_starch_per_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] soluble [PATO:0001537] starch [CHEBI:28017] in a stem [PO:0009047] to stem dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of water soluble starch in a stem to stem dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
carbohydrate content trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
starch
carbohydrate
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002127

Stem soluble sugar content per unit stem dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002131
preferred label
Stem soluble sugar content per unit stem dry mass
alternative label
stem_soluble_sugars_per_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sugar [APD:glossary/40106] in a stem [PO:0009047] to stem dry mass, where ‘sugar’ refers to an informal grouping of carbohydrates [CHEBI:16646] that are soluble in [PATO:0001537] water [CHEBI:15377], including both monosaccharides [CHEBI:35381] and disaccharides [CHEBI:36233].
The ratio of the mass of sugar in a stem to stem dry mass, where ‘sugar’ refers to an informal grouping of carbohydrates that are soluble in water, including both monosaccharides and disaccharides.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
carbohydrate content trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbohydrate
monosaccharide
disaccharide
sugar
has related match
sugar content
examples
exact match: Stem sugar content per stem dry mass [TOP914] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002131

Bark cellulose content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002224
preferred label
Bark cellulose content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_cellulose_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of cellulose [CHEBI:62967] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of cellulose in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mg
milligram per milligram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
carbohydrate content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
amorphous cellulose
examples
exact match: Bark cellulose content per bark dry mass [TOP813] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002224

Bark lignin content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002250
preferred label
Bark lignin content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_lignin_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of lignin [CHEBI:6457] in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of lignin in bark to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mg
milligram per milligram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
phenolic compound content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
lignin
examples
exact match: Bark lignin content per bark dry mass [TOP838] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002250

Bark tannin content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002255
preferred label
Bark tannin content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_tannin_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of tannins [CHEBI:26848] (polyphenols [CHEBI:26195]) in bark [PO:0004518] to bark dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of tannins (polyphenols) in bark to bark dry mass.
comments
Tannins are a specific class of polyphenolic compounds found in plants.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mg
milligram per milligram
minAllowedValue
0.00001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
phenolic compound content trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
tannin
polyphenol
references
Salminen & Karonen 2011
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002255

Root soluble starch content per unit root dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002327
preferred label
Root soluble starch content per unit root dry mass
alternative label
root_soluble_starch_per_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] soluble [PATO:0001537] starch [CHEBI:28017] in roots [PO:0009005] to root dry mass.
The ratio of the mass of water soluble starch in roots to root dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
carbohydrate content trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
starch
carbohydrate
examples
exact match: Root starch content per dry mass [TRY:3147] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002327

Root soluble sugar content per unit root dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002331
preferred label
Root soluble sugar content per unit root dry mass
alternative label
root_soluble_sugars_per_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of sugar [APD:glossary/40106] in roots [PO:0009005] to root dry mass, where ‘sugar’ refers to an informal grouping of carbohydrates [CHEBI:16646] that are soluble in [PATO:0001537] water [CHEBI:15377], including both monosaccharides [CHEBI:35381] and disaccharides [CHEBI:36233].
The ratio of the mass of sugar in roots to root dry mass, where ‘sugar’ refers to an informal grouping of carbohydrates that are soluble in water, including both monosaccharides and disaccharides.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
carbohydrate content trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbohydrate
monosaccharide
disaccharide
sugar
examples
exact match: Root sugar content per root dry mass trait [TOP921] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Root sugar content per root dry mass [TRY:662] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002331

Seed protein content per unit seed dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002534
preferred label
Seed protein content per unit seed dry mass
alternative label
seed_protein_per_seed_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of protein [CHEBI:36080] in a seed [PO:0009010] to seed dry mass [TO:0000181].
The ratio of the mass of protein in a seed to seed dry mass.
comments
It is best practice for the denominator to be seed dry mass. If data are reported on a per seed fresh mass basis, this should be explicitly noted in the methods or as a method context.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.00001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
protein content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
protein
seed weight, seed mass
has exact match
seed protein content
examples
exact match: Seed protein content per seed mass [TRY:97] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
seed_protein_content
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002534

Seed oil content per unit seed dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002544
preferred label
Seed oil content per unit seed dry mass
alternative label
seed_oil_per_seed_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of lipids [CHEBI:18059] in a seed [PO:0009010] to seed dry mass [TO:0000181].
The ratio of the mass of lipids in a seed to seed dry mass.
comments
It is best practice for the denominator to be seed dry mass. If data are reported on a per seed fresh mass basis, this should be explicitly noted in the methods or as a method context.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.0001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
lipid content trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
lipid
seed weight, seed mass
examples
exact match: Seed lipid content per seed dry mass [TOP880] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Seed oil content per seed mass [TRY:96] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
seed_oil_content
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002544

Leaf ash content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002822
preferred label
Leaf ash content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_ash_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of leaf [PO:0025034] ash [ENVO:02000090] remaining after a combustion process [ENVO:01000839] to the leaf dry mass before the combustion process.
The ratio of the mass of leaf ash remaining after a combustion process to the leaf dry mass before the combustion process.
comments
Includes measurements on leaf analogs, including cladodes and phylloclades.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.0001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
fire response trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
ash
combustion process
fire
examples
exact match: Leaf ash content per leaf dry mass [TRY:333] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
leaf_ash_content_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002822

Bark ash content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0002824
preferred label
Bark ash content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_ash_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of bark [PO:0004518] ash [ENVO:02000090] remaining after a combustion process [ENVO:01000839] to the bark dry mass before the combustion process.
The ratio of the mass of bark ash remaining after a combustion process to the bark dry mass before the combustion process.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.0001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
stem mineral and ion content trait
fire response trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
ash
combustion process
fire
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
bark_ash_content_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0002824

Bark stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003011
preferred label
Bark stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C)
alternative label
bark_delta13C
description
Carbon stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001142], d13C [ECSO:00000669], of bark [PO:0004518].
Carbon stable isotope ratio, d13C, of bark.
comments
delta13C is calculated as the ratio of, 13C/12C in a sample to 13C/12C in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A more negative value for delta13C indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 13C/12C relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-50
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbon stable isotope ratio
d13C
carbon-13 atom
isotope
examples
exact match: Bark carbon (C) isotope signature (delta 13C) [TRY:829] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: Integrated water-use efficiency [BROT:16] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003011

Leaf stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003012
preferred label
Leaf stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C)
alternative label
leaf_delta13C
description
Carbon stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001142], d13C [ECSO:00000669], of leaves [PO:0025034].
Carbon stable isotope ratio, d13C, of leaves.
comments
delta13C is calculated as the ratio of, 13C/12C in a sample to 13C/12C in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A more negative value for delta13C indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 13C/12C relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-50
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbon stable isotope ratio
d13C
carbon-13 atom
isotope
has exact match
Delta C13
examples
exact match: Leaf carbon isotope signature (delta 13C) [TRY:89] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: Integrated water-use efficiency [BROT:16] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003012

Stem stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003013
preferred label
Stem stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C)
alternative label
stem_delta13C
description
Carbon stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001142], d13C [ECSO:00000669], of stems [PO:0009047].
Carbon stable isotope ratio, d13C, of stems.
comments
delta13C is calculated as the ratio of, 13C/12C in a sample to 13C/12C in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A more negative value for delta13C indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 13C/12C relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-50
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbon stable isotope ratio
d13C
carbon-13 atom
isotope
examples
exact match: Stem carbon isotope ratio (delta 13C) [TRY:4049] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: Integrated water-use efficiency [BROT:16] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2023-03-29”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003013

Root stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003014
preferred label
Root stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C)
alternative label
root_delta13C
description
Carbon stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001142], d13C [ECSO:00000669], of roots [PO:0009005].
Carbon stable isotope ratio, d13C, of roots.
comments
delta13C is calculated as the ratio of, 13C/12C in a sample to 13C/12C in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A more negative value for delta13C indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 13C/12C relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-50
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbon stable isotope ratio
d13C
carbon-13 atom
isotope
examples
exact match: Root carbon isotope signature (delta 13C) [TRY:90] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: Integrated water-use efficiency [BROT:16] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003014

Wood stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003015
preferred label
Wood stable carbon isotope composition (delta13C)
alternative label
wood_delta13C
description
Carbon stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001142], d13C [ECSO:00000669], of wood [NCIT:C93062].
Carbon stable isotope ratio, d13C, of wood.
comments
delta13C is calculated as the ratio of, 13C/12C in a sample to 13C/12C in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A more negative value for delta13C indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 13C/12C relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-50
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbon stable isotope ratio
d13C
wood
carbon-13 atom
isotope
has exact match
Wood Carbon content
examples
exact match: Wood carbon (C) isotope signature (delta 13C) [TRY:1213] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: Integrated water-use efficiency [BROT:16] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003015

Bark stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003031
preferred label
Bark stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)
alternative label
bark_delta15N
description
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001737], d15N [ECSO:00001738], of bark [PO:0004518].
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio, d15N, of bark.
comments
delta15N is calculated as the ratio of, 15N/14N in a sample to 15N/14N in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A lower value for delta15N indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 15N/14N relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-25
maxAllowedValue
75
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
stable nitrogen isotope ratio
d15N
nitrogen-15 atom
isotope
examples
exact match: Bark nitrogen (N) isotope signature (delta 15N) [TRY:832] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003031

Leaf stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003032
preferred label
Leaf stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)
alternative label
leaf_delta15N
description
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001737], d15N [ECSO:00001738], of leaves [PO:0025034].
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio, d15N, of leaves.
comments
delta15N is calculated as the ratio of, 15N/14N in a sample to 15N/14N in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A lower value for delta15N indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 15N/14N relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-25
maxAllowedValue
75
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
stable nitrogen isotope ratio
d15N
nitrogen-15 atom
isotope
has exact match
Delta 15N
examples
exact match: Leaf nitrogen (N) isotope signature (delta 15N) [TRY:78] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003032

Stem stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003033
preferred label
Stem stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)
alternative label
stem_delta15N
description
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001737], d15N [ECSO:00001738], of stems [PO:0009047].
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio, d15N, of stems.
comments
delta15N is calculated as the ratio of, 15N/14N in a sample to 15N/14N in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A lower value for delta15N indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 15N/14N relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-25
maxAllowedValue
75
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
stable nitrogen isotope ratio
d15N
nitrogen-15 atom
isotope
examples
exact match: Root nitrogen (N) isotope signature (delta 15N) [TRY:81] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2023-03-29”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003033

Root stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003034
preferred label
Root stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)
alternative label
root_delta15N
description
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001737], d15N [ECSO:00001738], of roots [PO:0009005].
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio, d15N, of roots.
comments
delta15N is calculated as the ratio of, 15N/14N in a sample to 15N/14N in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A lower value for delta15N indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 15N/14N relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-25
maxAllowedValue
75
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
stable nitrogen isotope ratio
d15N
nitrogen-15 atom
isotope
examples
exact match: Root nitrogen (N) isotope signature (delta 15N) [TRY:81] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003034

Wood stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003035
preferred label
Wood stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)
alternative label
wood_delta15N
description
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001737], d15N [ECSO:00001738], of wood [NCIT:C93062].
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio, d15N, of wood.
comments
delta15N is calculated as the ratio of, 15N/14N in a sample to 15N/14N in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A lower value for delta15N indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 15N/14N relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-25
maxAllowedValue
75
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure plant structure
stem
wood, secondary xylem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
stable nitrogen isotope ratio
d15N
wood
nitrogen-15 atom
isotope
examples
exact match: Wood nitrogen (N) isotope signature (delta 15N) [TRY:1230] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003035

Leaf xylem stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003052
preferred label
Leaf xylem stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)
alternative label
leaf_xylem_delta15N
description
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001737], d15N [ECSO:00001738], of xylem sap [PO:0025539] from leaf [PO:0025034] xylem vessels [PO:0025417].
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio, d15N, of xylem sap from leaf xylem vessels.
comments
delta15N is calculated as the ratio of, 15N/14N in a sample to 15N/14N in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A lower value for delta15N indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 15N/14N relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-25
maxAllowedValue
75
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
stable nitrogen isotope ratio
d15N
xylem vessel
nitrogen-15 atom
isotope
xylem sap
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003052

Root xylem stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003053
preferred label
Root xylem stable nitrogen isotope composition (delta15N)
alternative label
root_xylem_delta15N
description
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001737], d15N [ECSO:00001738], of xylem sap [PO:0025539] from root [PO:0009005] xylem vessels [PO:0025417].
Nitrogen stable isotope ratio, d15N, of xylem sap from root xylem vessels.
comments
delta15N is calculated as the ratio of, 15N/14N in a sample to 15N/14N in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A lower value for delta15N indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 15N/14N relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-25
maxAllowedValue
75
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
stable nitrogen isotope ratio
d15N
xylem vessel
nitrogen-15 atom
isotope
xylem sap
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003053

Leaf stable oxygen isotope composition (delta18O)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003072
preferred label
Leaf stable oxygen isotope composition (delta18O)
alternative label
leaf_delta18O
description
Oxygen stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001740], d18O [ECSO:00001677], of leaves [PO:0025034].
Oxygen stable isotope ratio, d18O, of leaves.
comments
delta18O is calculated as the ratio of, 18O/16O in a sample to 18O/16O in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A lower value for delta18O indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 18O/16O relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-10
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
stable oxygen isotope ratio
d18O
oxygen-18 atom
examples
exact match: Leaf oxygen (O) isotope signature (delta 18O) [TRY:3358] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003072

Stem water stable oxygen isotope composition (delta18O)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0003092
preferred label
Stem water stable oxygen isotope composition (delta18O)
alternative label
stem_water_delta18O
description
Oxygen stable isotope ratio [ECSO:00001740], d18O [ECSO:00001677], of water [CHEBI:15377] in stems [PO:0009047].
Oxygen stable isotope ratio, d18O, of water in stems.
comments
delta18O is calculated as the ratio of, 18O/16O in a sample to 18O/16O in a standard, minus 1. The result is expressed in parts per thousand, commonly referred to as per mille. A lower value for delta18O indicates the sample has a lower ratio of 18O/16O relative to the standard.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{delta}[ppth]
parts per thousand
minAllowedValue
-10
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
stable isotope ratio determination
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
stable oxygen isotope ratio
d18O
water
oxygen-18 atom
d18O in water
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0003092

Plant canopy width

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010021
preferred label
Plant canopy width
alternative label
plant_width
description
A whole plant morphology trait [TO:0000398] which is the maximum [NCIT:C25564] width [PATO:0000600] dimension of a plant canopy [ENVO:01001242] for a taxon [NCIT:C40098] in a given population [PCO:0000001] or location [NCIT:C25341]. This is a plant’s larger [NCIT:C49508] width dimension and is orthogonal to its height and breadth.
Maximum width dimension of a plant’s vegetative canopy for a taxon in a given location; this is the larger width dimension and is orthogonal to its height and breadth.
comments
This trait is not meant to document the width of all individuals sampled, but instead the maximum width for a typical mature individual within a population or across a taxon.
value type
continuous variable
unit
m
metre
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
20
has broader
whole plant morphology trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
width
size
keyword
canopy
vegetation
has exact match
plant width
has close match
Crown size
examples
exact match: Crown (canopy) width [TRY:325] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010021

Plant canopy breadth

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010022
preferred label
Plant canopy breadth
alternative label
plant_breadth
description
A whole plant morphology trait [TO:0000398] which is the smaller [NCIT:C25376] width [PATO:0000600] dimension of a plant canopy [ENVO:01001242].
Shortest width dimension of a plant’s vegetative canopy; orthogonal to its height and width.
comments
This trait is not meant to document the breadth of all individuals sampled, but instead the maximum breadth for a typical mature individual within a population or across a taxon.
value type
continuous variable
unit
m
metre
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
20
has broader
whole plant morphology trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
width
size
keyword
canopy
vegetation
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010022

Plant vegetative height

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010023
preferred label
Plant vegetative height
alternative label
plant_height
description
A whole plant morphology trait [TO:0000398] which is the maximum [NCIT:C25564] vertical [PATO:0001854] height [PATO:0000119] of the vegetative shoot system [PO:0025607] for a taxon [NCIT:C40098] in a given population [PCO:0000001] or location [NCIT:C25341].
Maximum vertical height of the vegetative shoot system for a taxon in a given location.
comments
This trait is not meant to document the height of all individuals sampled, but instead the maximum height for a typical mature individual within a population or across a taxon. The trait should only be scored for self-supporting plants, not climbers whose height is dependent on the surrounding vegetation. The documented height should be the maximum height achieved by vegetative shoots, not the height reached by reproductive shoots, as it represents the plant’s access to light.
value type
continuous variable
unit
m
metre
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
130
has broader
whole plant morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
stem
measured characteristic
height
size
keyword
canopy
vegetation
vegetative shoot system
scope note
self-supporting plants
has exact match
Tree height
Tree height
plant height
has close match
plant height
examples
exact match: Plant height vegetative [TOP69] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Plant height vegetative [TRY:3106] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Plant_height_max [GIFT:1.6.2] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: maximum whole plant height [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: whole plant height [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
related match: minimum whole plant height [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Average height [BROT:10] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
exact match: MaxStemHeight_m [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Falster 2003a
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010023

Stem diameter at breast height

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010024
preferred label
Stem diameter at breast height
alternative label
plant_diameter_breast_height
description
A stem morphology trait [TO:0000361] which is the maximum [NCIT:C25564] diameter at breast height [ECSO:00000549] for a taxon [NCIT:C40098] in a given population [PCO:0000001] or location [NCIT:C25341].
Maximum diameter at breast height (DBH) for a taxon in a given location. It is commonly referred to as ‘DBH’.
comments
This trait is always meant to be measured at ‘breast height’, 1.4 m above the ground surface. However, for short plants this will not always be the case, so it is advised to read the methods to confirm at what height plant diameters have been recorded. This trait is not meant to document the DBH of all individuals sampled, but instead the maximum DBH for a typical mature individual within a population or across a taxon.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
5000
has broader
stem morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
whole plant
measured characteristic
diameter
size
keyword
tree diameter at breast height
vegetation
has exact match
Stem diameter
tree breast height diameter
has close match
Stem diameter
stem diameter
examples
exact match: Stem diameter [TRY:21] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: DBH_max [GIFT:1.8.2] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: diameter at breast height (1.3 m) [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: MaxStemDia_cm [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
basal_diameter
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010024

Stem count

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010025
preferred label
Stem count
alternative label
stem_count
description
A shoot system morphology trait [TO:0000077] which is the count [NCIT:C25463] of stems [PO:0009047] on multi-stemmed plants [PO:0000003].
Count of stems on multi-stemmed plants.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
5
has broader
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
has number of
count
keyword
branchiness
has exact match
stem number
examples
close match: Plant biomass and allometry: Shoots per plant [TRY:1034] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
stem_count_categorical
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010025

Height of a climbing plant

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010026
preferred label
Height of a climbing plant
alternative label
plant_height_climbing_plant
description
A whole plant morphology trait [TO:0000398] which is the maximum [NCIT:C25564] vertical [PATO:0001854] height [PATO:0000119] of the vegetative shoot system [PO:0025607] of a climbing plant that is not self-supporting and therefore has a height that depends on the surrounding vegetation.
Maximum vertical height of the vegetative shoot system of a non-self-supporting taxon (i.e. a vine, liana, or other climbing plant) in a given location.
comments
While this trait is intended to indicate the height of climbing plants, the height of an epiphyte relative to the soil surface could also be documented here. All heights reported for this trait will be dependent on the height of the surrounding vegetation.
value type
continuous variable
unit
m
metre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
whole plant morphology trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
height
size
keyword
canopy
vegetation
vegetative shoot system
scope note
applicable to plants that are not self-supporting
has related match
plant height
examples
related match: Plant height [TRY:18] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: Average height [BROT:10] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010026

Plant reproductive height

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010027
preferred label
Plant reproductive height
alternative label
plant_height_reproductive
description
A whole plant morphology trait [TO:0000398] which is the maximum [NCIT:C25564] vertical [PATO:0001854] height [PATO:0000119] of the reproductive shoot system [PO:0025082].
Maximum vertical height of the reproductive shoot system for a taxon in a given location.
comments
This trait can be scored for any species, but is intended as an alternative to plant_height (maximum vegetative height) for species that do not have vegetative stems, but instead only leaves and reproductive stems that extend past the soil surface.
value type
continuous variable
unit
m
metre
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
whole plant morphology trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
height
size
keyword
vegetation
reproductive shoot system
examples
related match: Plant height [TRY:18] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010027

Stem length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010028
preferred label
Stem length
alternative label
stem_length
description
A shoot system morphology trait [TO:0000077] which is the maximum [NCIT:C25564] length [PATO:0000122] of a plant’s stems [PO:0009047].
Maximum length or extent of a plant’s stems.
comments
This trait can be scored for any species, but is intended as an alternative to plant_height (maximum vegetative height) for species that are prostrate, crawling, creeping or similar.
value type
continuous variable
unit
m
metre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
stem morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
whole plant
measured characteristic
length
size
keyword
vegetation
vegetative shoot system
examples
exact match: Stem length [TRY:326] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010028

Plant spinescence

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010070
preferred label
Plant spinescence
alternative label
plant_spinescence
description
A plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000839] which summarises the extent of physical structures a plant uses for defence [NCIT:C61556], including the size [PATO:0000117], strength [PATO:0001230], and density [PATO:0001019] of spine leaves [PO:0025173], spine stipules [PO:0025174], thorns [PO:0025172], and/or prickles [PO:0025169] and the pain [HP:0012531] inflicted by these structures.
Degree to which a plant is defended by spines, thorns and/or prickles, as defined by P<U+00C3><U+00A9>rez-Harguindeguy et al. 2013.
comments
The values for this trait are exactly those defined by P<U+00C3><U+00A9>rez-Harguindeguy et al. 2013 (doi:10.1071/BT12225). See the trait plant_physical_defence for individual plant structures a plant uses for physical defence.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_spinescence_no_spines No spines. (level 0)
plant_spinescence_low_density_soft_spines Low or very local density of soft spines <5mm long; plant may sting or prickle when hit carelessly but not impart strong pain. (level 1)
plant_spinescence_high_density_soft_spines High density of soft spines, intermediate density of spines of intermediate hardness, or low density of hard, sharp spines >5mm long; plant causes actual pain when hit carelessly. (level 2)
plant_spinescence_high_density_hard_spines_to_5mm Intermediate or high density of hard, sharp spines >5mm long; plant causes strong pain when hit carelessly. (level 3)
plant_spinescence_high_density_hard_spines_to_20mm Intermediate or high density of hard, sharp spines >20mm long; plant may cause significant wounds when hit carelessly. (level 4)
plant_spinescence_high_density_hard_spines_to_100mm Intermediate or high density of hard, sharp spines >100mm long; plant is dangerous to careless large mammals, including humans. (level 5)
has broader
leaf shape trait
whole plant phenotype trait
plant structure morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
leaf
stem
whole plant
measured characteristic
structure
surface feature shape
keyword
spine leaf
spine stipule
thorn
prickle
defense
pain
spiny
scope note
none
examples
close match: Leaf emergences (pubescence, pruinescence, hairs, spines, thorns) [TRY:677] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Spinescence [BROT:21] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
close match: Armature [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
spinescence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010070

Embryo colour

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010110
preferred label
Embryo colour
alternative label
embryo_colour
description
A plant embryo cotyledon morphology trait [TO:0000775] which is the colour [PATO:0000014] of the plant embryo cotyledon [PO:0025470].
Binary variable distinguishing between embryos that are green versus colourless.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
embryo_colour_colourless Colourless embryo.
embryo_colour_green Green embryo.
has broader
plant embryo morphology trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
colour / color
keyword
plant embryo cotyledon
plant embryo
has exact match
plant embryo cotyledon color
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010110

Cotyledon function

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010111
preferred label
Cotyledon function
alternative label
cotyledon_function
description
A plant embryo morphology trait [TO:0000064] which indicates if the cotyledons [PO:0020030] have a photosynthesis [GO:0015979] or energy [PATO:0001021] storage [OBI:0302893] function [NCIT:C25518].
Binary variable distinguishing between cotyledons that function as leaves and can photosynthesise versus ones that function as energy reserve organs.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
cotyledon_function_foliaceous Cotyledons are photosynthetic and function as leaves.
cotyledon_function_reserve Cotyledons function as energy reserve organs.
has broader
plant embryo morphology trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
organismal quality
function
keyword
cotyledon
photosynthesis
energy
storage
plant embryo
seedling
plant embryo cotyledon
storage organ
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010111

Cotyledon position at germination

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010112
preferred label
Cotyledon position at germination
alternative label
cotyledon_position
description
A plant embryo morphology trait [TO:0000064] which indicates if the cotyledons [PO:0020030] emerge from the seed coat [PO:0009088] at germination [GO:0009845].
Binary variable distinguishing between seedlings where the cotyledon remains within the seed coat versus emerges from the seed coat at germination.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
cotyledon_position_cryptocotylar A type of seed germination in which the cotyledons remain within the seed coat at germination.
cotyledon_position_phanerocotylar A type of seed germination in which the cotyledons emerge from the seed coat.
has broader
plant embryo morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
organismal quality
structure
position
keyword
cotyledon
seed coat
seed germination
plant embryo
seedling
plant embryo cotyledon
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010112

Cotyledon hairiness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010113
preferred label
Cotyledon hairiness
alternative label
cotyledon_hairs
description
A plant embryo cotyledon morphology trait [TO:0000775] which is the pilosity [PATO:0000066] of the cotyledons [PO:0020030].
Binary variable distinguishing between glabrous versus hairy cotyledons.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
cotyledon_hairs_glabrous Cotyledons lack hairs.
cotyledon_hairs_hairy Cotyledons have hairs.
has broader
plant embryo morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
texture
pilosity
keyword
cotyledon
plant embryo
hairy
seedling
plant embryo cotyledon
trichome
has exact match
cotyledon pilosity
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010113

Hypocotyl hairiness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010114
preferred label
Hypocotyl hairiness
alternative label
seedling_hypocotyl_hairs
description
A seedling hypocotyl morphology trait [TO:0000769] which is the pilosity [PATO:0000066] of the hypocotyl [PO:0020100].
Binary variable distinguishing between glabrous versus hairy hypocotyls, where the hypocotyl is the embryonic axis to which the cotyledons are attached.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seedling_hypocotyl_hairs_glabrous Hypocotyl lacks hairs.
seedling_hypocotyl_hairs_hairy Hypocotyl has hairs.
has broader
plant embryo morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
texture
pilosity
keyword
seedling hypocotyl morphology trait
hypocotyl
plant embryo
hairy
seedling
trichome
has exact match
hypocotyl pilosity
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
hypocotyl_type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010114

Seedling first true leaf type

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010160
preferred label
Seedling first true leaf type
alternative label
seedling_first_node_leaf_type
description
A plant embryo true leaf formation stage [PO:0001095] morphology trait which is whether the leaf [PO:0025034] at the first stem node [PO:0020141] above the epicotyl [PO:0020035] in a true leaf or a scale leaf.
Binary variable distinguishing between seedlings where the first leaf is scale-like (cataphyll) versus leaf-like.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seedling_first_node_leaf_type_scale-like The leaf at the first stem node above the epicotyl is scale-like, also referred to as a cataphyll.
seedling_first_node_leaf_type_leaf-like The leaf at the first stem node above the epicotyl is leaf-like (broad).
has broader
plant embryo morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
organismal quality
structure
keyword
plant embryo true leaf formation stage
stem node
epicotyl
seedling
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
seedling_first_leaf
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010160

Seedling first node leaf count

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010161
preferred label
Seedling first node leaf count
alternative label
seedling_first_node_leaf_count
description
A plant embryo true leaf formation stage [PO:0001095] morphology trait which is the leaf count [NCIT:C25463] at the first stem node [PO:0020141] above the epicotyl [PO:0020035].
Binary variable distinguishing between seedlings where the leaves at the first node are single versus paired.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seedling_first_node_leaf_count_single There is a single leaf at the first stem node above the epicotyl.
seedling_first_node_leaf_count_paired There is a pair of leaves at the first stem node above the epicotyl.
has broader
plant embryo morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
has number of
count
keyword
plant embryo true leaf formation stage
stem node
epicotyl
seedling
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
seedling_first_node
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010161

Seedling germination location

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0010162
preferred label
Seedling germination location
alternative label
seedling_germination_location
description
A plant embryo cotyledon morphology trait [TO:0000775] which is the position [PATO:0000140] of seed germination [GO:0009845] relative to the soil surface.
Binary variable distinguishing between seedlings that germinate above versus below ground.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seedling_germination_location_epigeal Germinant with one or more cotyledons emerging aboveground.
seedling_germination_location_hypogeal Germinant with all cotyledons remaining belowground.
has broader
plant embryo morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
organismal quality
position
keyword
seed germination
plant embryo
seedling
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0010162

Leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011211
preferred label
Leaf area
alternative label
leaf_area
description
A leaf area trait [TO:0000540] which is the 2-D [PATO:0001709] area [PATO:0001323] of the leaf lamina [PO:0020039] and petiole [PO:0020038]. For some species the area of a leaf analogue is reported, possibly a leaflet [PO:0020049], cladode [PO:0025354], or phyllode [PO:0025335].
The 2-dimensional projected (scanned) area of the surface of a leaf or a leaf analogue (leaflet, cladode, phyllode).
comments
This trait includes measurements of leaves and leaf analogues, including leaflets, cladodes, and phyllodes. When a measurement is made on a leaf analogue, the tissue measured should be documented as part of the methods or noted as a context or under measurement_remarks. Leaflet area can alternatively be mapped to the trait leaflet_area. It is most common for leaf area measurements to include the petiole; the measurement methods should indicate if the petiole is included in or excluded from the leaf area measurements. For terete leaves, leaf area should still be recorded as the 2-dimensional projected area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2
square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
10000000
has broader
leaf size trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
area
2-D extent
size
keyword
leaf lamina
petiole
leaflet
cladode
phyllode
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has exact match
leaf area trait
Leaf area
has related match
leaf size
examples
exact match: Leaf area [TOP25] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf area (in case of compound leaves: leaf, undefined if petiole in- or excluded) [TRY:3112] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Leaf size SLA, leaf mass & LDMC [LEDA:2.1] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
exact match: Leaf size [GIFT:4.4] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: leaf area [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Average leaf area [BROT:6] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011211

Leaflet area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011212
preferred label
Leaflet area
alternative label
leaflet_area
description
A leaf area trait [TO:0000540] which is the 2-D [PATO:0001709] area [PATO:0001323] of a single leaflet [PO:0020049] lamina [PO:0025060]. This measurement will not include the petiole [PO:0020038].
The 2-dimensional projected (scanned) area of the surface of the lamina of a single leaflet.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2
square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1000000
has broader
leaf size trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
area
2-D extent
size
keyword
leaflet
leaf lamina
has exact match
leaflet area
has related match
leaf size
examples
close match: leaf area [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
close match: Average leaf area [BROT:6] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011212

Leaf length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011213
preferred label
Leaf length
alternative label
leaf_length
description
Length [PATO:0000122] of the leaf [PO:0025034] (including the petiole [PO:0020038]), from the leaf apex [PO:0020137] to the leaf axil [PO:0009023] (leaf base [PO:0020040]).
Length of a leaf or a leaf analogue, from the leaf apex to the leaf axil (base), including the petiole.
comments
If a leaf analogue (leaflet, cladode, or phyllode) is measured instead of a true leaf, this should be noted as a context or under measurement_remarks.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100000
has broader
leaf size trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
length
size
keyword
petiole
leaf apex
leaf base
leaf lamina
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has exact match
leaf length
has related match
leaf size
examples
exact match: Leaf length [TOP13] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf length [TRY:144] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Leaf length [GIFT:4.6] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
close match: maximum leaf length [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
close match: minimum leaf length [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
close match: Max_Blade_Length_m [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
close match: Max_Rachis_Length_m [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
close match: Max_Petiole_length_m [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011213

Leaf width

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011214
preferred label
Leaf width
alternative label
leaf_width
description
The maximum [NCIT:C25564] width [PATO:0000921] axis of a leaf [PO:0025034] measured perpendicular to [PATO:0002434] the leaf length [PATO:0000122].
Maximum width axis of a leaf or a leaf analogue (a leaflet, cladode, or phyllode), measured perpendicular to the leaf length.
comments
This trait refers to the single line marking the maximum width of the leaf lamina. For a compound leaf the correct measure is the maximum width of the total leaf blade. It is the width measure that will be reported in taxonomic treatments. It is not the effective_leaf_width, a trait that records the diameter of the largest circle that can be drawn within the leaf lamina. If a leaf analogue (leaflet, cladode, or phyllode) is measured instead of a true leaf, this should be noted as a context or under measurement_remarks.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
100000
has broader
leaf size trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
width
size
keyword
leaf lamina
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has exact match
leaf width
has related match
leaf size
examples
exact match: Leaf width [TOP17] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf width [TRY:145] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Leaf width [GIFT:4.7] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
close match: maximum leaf width [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
close match: minimum leaf width [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011214

Leaf thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011215
preferred label
Leaf thickness
alternative label
leaf_thickness
description
The thickness [PATO:0000915] of the leaf lamina [PO:0020039], measured away from the midrib [PO:0020139].
Thickness of the leaf lamina, generally measured away from the midrib.
comments
Leaf thickness measurements submitted from the ecological literature will generally avoid the midrib, but not avoid lower order leaf veins. In contrast, leaf thickness measurements from the taxonomic literature will usually include any veins or midribs, because in this literature leaf thickness is generally measured on succulent plants. The methods field should document whether the midrib was explicitly included, excluded, or ignored.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
51
has broader
leaf size trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
thickness
size
keyword
leaf lamina
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has exact match
leaf thickness
examples
exact match: Leaf thickness [TOP20] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf thickness [TRY:46] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Leaf thickness [GIFT:4.8] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: leaf thickness [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011215

Leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011216
preferred label
Leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_dry_mass
description
A leaf mass trait [TO:0000505] which is the dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] of a leaf [PO:0025034] or leaf analogue (a leaflet [PO:0020049], cladode [PO:0025354], or phyllode [PO:0025335]).
The oven dry mass of a leaf or leaf analogue (leaflet, cladode, phyllode).
comments
This trait includes measurements of leaves and leaf analogues, including leaflets, cladodes, and phyllodes. When a measurement is made on a leaf analogue, the tissue measured should be documented as part of the methods or noted as a context or under measurement_remarks. Leaflet dry mass can alternatively be mapped to the trait leaflet_dry_mass. It is most common for leaf dry mass measurements to include the petiole; the measurement methods should indicate if the petiole is included in or excluded from the leaf dry mass measurements.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg
milligram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
15000
has broader
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
keyword
leaf weight, leaf mass
leaflet
cladode
phyllode
has exact match
leaf dry weight, leaf dry mass
Leaf dry mass
has related match
leaf size
examples
exact match: Leaf dry mass [TOP40] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf dry mass (single leaf) [TRY:55] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Leaf size SLA, leaf mass & LDMC [LEDA:2.1] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
exact match: leaf dry mass [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011216

Leaflet dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011217
preferred label
Leaflet dry mass
alternative label
leaflet_dry_mass
description
A leaf dry mass trait [TO:0001014] which is the dry mass of a single leaflet [PO:0020049]. This measurement will not include the petiole [PO:0020038].
The oven dry mass of a single leaflet.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg
milligram
minAllowedValue
0.005
maxAllowedValue
15000
has broader
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
keyword
leaflet
leaf weight, leaf mass
has close match
leaflet weight
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011217

Leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011218
preferred label
Leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_fresh_mass
description
A leaf mass trait [TO:0000505] which is the mass [PATO:0000125] of a fresh [EnvThes:21976] leaf [PO:0025034], indicating its mass at the time it is picked. For some species the mass of a leaf analogue is reported, possibly a leaflet [PO:0020049], cladode [PO:0025354], or phyllode [PO:0025335].
The fresh mass of a leaf or leaf analogue (leaflet, cladode, phyllode).
comments
This trait includes measurements of leaves and leaf analogues, including leaflets, cladodes, and phyllodes. When a measurement is made on a leaf analogue, the tissue measured should be documented as part of the methods or noted as a context or under measurement_remarks. It is most common for leaf fresh mass measurements to include the petiole; the measurement methods should indicate if the petiole is included in or excluded from the leaf fresh mass measurements. A source of variation for this trait will be how leaves are stored and if they are partially rehydrated before weighing; these details should be documented in the methods.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg
milligram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
30000
has broader
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
keyword
leaf weight, leaf mass
leaflet
cladode
phyllode
scope note
Plants with leaves
has exact match
leaf wet weight
examples
exact match: Leaf fresh mass [TOP35] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf fresh mass [TRY:163] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf fresh mass [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011218

Petiole length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011219
preferred label
Petiole length
alternative label
petiole_length
description
Length [PATO:0000122] of the petiole [PO:0020038]), from the leaf base [PO:0020040] to the leaf axil [PO:0009023].
Length of the petiole from the leaf base to the leaf axil.
value type
continuous variable
unit
cm
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
leaf size trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
length
size
keyword
petiole
has exact match
petiole length
Petiole length
references
no linked references
date created
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011219

Petiole width

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011220
preferred label
Petiole width
alternative label
petiole_width
description
Width [PATO:0000921] of the petiole [PO:0020038].
Width of the petiole.
value type
continuous variable
unit
cm
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
leaf size trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
width
size
keyword
petiole
references
no linked references
date created
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011220

Number of leaflets per leaf

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011221
preferred label
Number of leaflets per leaf
alternative label
leaflet_count
description
A leaf morphology trait [TO:0000748] which is the count [NCIT:C25463] of leaflets [PO:0020049] in a compound leaf [PO:0020043].
The count of leaflets that comprise a single leaf .
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
leaf morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
leaf
leaflet
measured characteristic
has number of
count
keyword
leaflet
compound leaf morphology trait
compound leaf
has exact match
leaflet number
examples
exact match: Leaflet number per leaf [TRY:759] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-03-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-03-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011221

Leaflet length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011222
preferred label
Leaflet length
alternative label
leaflet_length
description
A leaf morphology trait [TO:0000748] which is length [PATO:0000122] of a leaflet [PO:0020049], from the leaflet apex [PO:0020137] to where the leaflet attaches to the leaf [PO:0025034] rachis [PO:020055].
The length of a single leaflet comprising a botanical leaf.
comments
This trait is intended to only apply to compound leaves, those with multiple leaflets per botanical leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
cm
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
leaf size trait
plant structure plant structure
leaf
leaflet
measured characteristic
length
size
keyword
leaflet
compound leaf morphology trait
compound leaf
scope note
applicable to plants with compound leaves.
has exact match
leaflet length
examples
exact match: Leaflet_length [TOP14] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaflet length [TRY:985] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011222

Leaflet width

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011223
preferred label
Leaflet width
alternative label
leaflet_width
description
A leaf morphology trait [TO:0000748] which is the maximum [NCIT:C25564] width [PATO:0000921] axis of a single leaflet [PO:0020049] measured perpendicular to [PATO:0002434] the leaflet length [PATO:0000122].
Maximum width axis of a single leaflet, measured perpendicular to the leaflet length.
comments
This trait is intended to only apply to compound leaves, those with multiple leaflets per botanical leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
cm
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
leaf size trait
plant structure plant structure
leaf
leaflet
measured characteristic
width
size
keyword
leaflet
compound leaf morphology trait
compound leaf
scope note
applicable to plants with compound leaves.
has exact match
leaflet width
examples
exact match: Leaflet_width [TOP18] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaflet width [TRY:986] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011223

Leaf mass per area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011230
preferred label
Leaf mass per area
alternative label
leaf_mass_per_area
description
A leaf morphology trait [TO:0000748] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the leaf dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] to the leaf [PO:0025034] area [PATO:0001323], measured on an entire leaf, including the entire leaf lamina [PO:0020039] and the petiole [PO:0020038].
The ratio of leaf dry mass to leaf area, measured on an entire leaf including the petiole; LMA. (The inverse of specific leaf area, SLA.)
comments
Leaf mass per area includes measurements submitted as specific_leaf_area (SLA); they are simply inverted. Leaf mass per area is explicitly measured on an entire leaf, including the petiole. Measurements made on a piece of the leaf lamina, excluding petiole and midrib, are a separate trait leaf_lamina_mass_per_area. If measurements are made on the entire leaf lamina, but the petiole is excluded, this should be noted in the methods or under measurement_remarks.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/m2
gram per square metre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
3000
has broader
leaf size trait
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
area
ratio; proportion
mass
per unit area
area density
keyword
leaf weight, leaf mass
biomass allocation
leaf lamina
petiole
has exact match
specific leaf area
Leaf mass per leaf area
examples
exact match: Leaf mass per area [TOP53] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Specific leaf area [TOP50] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf area per leaf dry mass (specific leaf area, SLA or 1/LMA): undefined if petiole is in- or exclu [TRY:3117] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Leaf area per leaf dry mass (specific leaf area, SLA or 1/LMA): petiole included [TRY:3116] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Leaf size SLA, leaf mass & LDMC [LEDA:2.1] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
exact match: Specific Leaf Area (SLA) [GIFT:4.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: leaf area per leaf dry mass [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Average specific leaf area [BROT:8] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Wright 2004
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
specific_leaf_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011230

Leaf lamina mass per area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011231
preferred label
Leaf lamina mass per area
alternative label
leaf_lamina_mass_per_area
description
A leaf morphology trait [TO:0000748] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the leaf dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] to leaf [PO:0025034] area [PATO:0001323], measured on a piece of the leaf lamina [PO:0020039] located away from major leaf lamina veins [PO:0020138].
The ratio of leaf dry mass to leaf area, measured on a piece of the leaf lamina that does not include the petiole or major veins.
comments
This trait only includes data made on subsamples of a leaf, usually a leaf punch sample associated with leaf strength measurements or from the herbivory literature. For whole-leaf LMA/SLA data, see the trait leaf_mass_per_area
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/m2
gram per square metre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
500
has broader
leaf size trait
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
area
ratio; proportion
mass
per unit area
area density
keyword
leaf weight, leaf mass
biomass allocation
leaf lamina
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has related match
specific leaf area
examples
related match: Leaf mass per area [TOP53] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
related match: Specific leaf area [TOP50] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf area per leaf dry mass (specific leaf area, SLA or 1/LMA): petiole excluded [TRY:3115] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Leaf area per leaf dry mass (specific leaf area, SLA or 1/LMA) petiole, rhachis and midrib excluded [TRY:3086] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: Leaf area per leaf dry mass (specific leaf area, SLA or 1/LMA): undefined if petiole is in- or exclu [TRY:3117] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: Leaf area per leaf dry mass (specific leaf area, SLA or 1/LMA): petiole included [TRY:3116] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: Leaf size SLA, leaf mass & LDMC [LEDA:2.1] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
date created
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011231

Leaf tissue density

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011232
preferred label
Leaf tissue density
alternative label
leaf_density
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of leaf [PO:0025034] dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] to leaf fresh [EnvThes:21976] volume [PATO:0000918].
The ratio of leaf dry mass to leaf fresh volume.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mm3
milligram per cubic millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.05
maxAllowedValue
1.1
has broader
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass density, density
mass
ratio; proportion
keyword
leaf weight, leaf mass
biomass allocation
has exact match
leaf mass density
examples
exact match: Leaf density [TOP56] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf density (leaf tissue density, leaf dry mass per leaf volume) [TRY:48] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011232

Leaf area ratio (LAR)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011260
preferred label
Leaf area ratio (LAR)
alternative label
leaf_area_ratio
description
A leaf area trait [TO:0000540] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of a plant’s [PO:0000003] total [NCIT:C25304] leaf [PO:0025034] area [PATO:0001323] to total plant dry mass [TO:0000352].
The ratio of total plant leaf area to total plant dry mass; LAR.
comments
Since the total plant dry mass is required for leaf area ratio measurements, this is standardly measured only on young plants or plants grown for experiments where the entire plant can be harvested. It is best practice for leaf area measurements to include the petiole.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2/mg
square millimetre per milligram
minAllowedValue
0.05
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
leaf size trait
plant structure plant structure
leaf
whole plant
measured characteristic
area
size
ratio; proportion
keyword
whole plant dry mass
biomass allocation
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has exact match
leaf area ratio
has close match
Leaf area
examples
exact match: Leaf area ratio [TOP88] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf area per plant dry mass (leaf area ratio, LAR) [TRY:109] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Poorter & Remkes 1990
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011260

Leaf mass fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011261
preferred label
Leaf mass fraction
alternative label
leaf_mass_fraction
description
A leaf mass trait [TO:0000505] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of a plant’s total leaf dry mass [APD:glossary/40080] to total plant dry mass [TO:0000352].
The ratio of leaf dry mass to total plant dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
leaf weight, leaf mass
biomass allocation
whole plant dry mass
whole plant stem dry mass
examples
exact match: Leaf mass ratio [TOP85] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Plant biomass and allometry: Leaf dry mass per plant dry mass (leaf weight ratio, LWR) [TRY:110] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011261

Leaf dry matter content (LDMC)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011262
preferred label
Leaf dry matter content (LDMC)
alternative label
leaf_dry_matter_content
description
A leaf mass trait [TO:0000505] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of leaf dry mass [TO:0001014] to leaf [PO:0025034] fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of leaf dry mass to leaf fresh mass; LDMC.
comments
Two similar traits are leaf_water_content_per_dry_mass, the ratio of leaf water content to leaf dry mass and leaf_water_content_per_fresh_mass, the ratio of leaf water content to leaf fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
2
has broader
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
leaf weight, leaf mass
biomass allocation
fresh mass
examples
exact match: Leaf dry matter content [TOP45] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf dry mass per leaf fresh mass (leaf dry matter content, LDMC) [TRY:47] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Leaf dry matter content (LDMC) [GIFT:4.9] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: leaf dry mass per leaf fresh mass [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Leaf dry matter content [BROT:14] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011262

Leaf fresh mass per leaf area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011263
preferred label
Leaf fresh mass per leaf area
alternative label
leaf_fresh_mass_per_area
description
A leaf area trait [TO:0000540] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the leaf [PO:0025034] fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044]. to the leaf area [PATO:0001323], measured on an entire leaf, including the entire leaf lamina [PO:0020039] and the petiole [PO:0020038].
The ratio of leaf fresh mass to leaf area, measured on an entire leaf including the petiole.
comments
Leaf fresh mass per area is explicitly measured on an entire leaf, including the petiole.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/m2
gram per square metre
minAllowedValue
200
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
leaf size trait
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
leaf weight, leaf mass
biomass allocation
fresh mass
leaf lamina
petiole
scope note
Plants with leaves.
examples
exact match: Leaf area per leaf fresh mass (specific leaf area (SLA or 1/LMA) based on leaf fresh mass) [TRY:125] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011263

Leaf water content per unit leaf area (leaf succulence)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011264
preferred label
Leaf water content per unit leaf area (leaf succulence)
alternative label
leaf_water_content_per_area
description
A leaf mass trait [TO:0000505] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] in a fresh [EnvThes:21976] leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The ratio of the mass of water in a fresh leaf (leaf water content) to leaf surface area; leaf succulence.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/m2
gram per square metre
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
5000
has broader
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
keyword
leaf weight, leaf mass
water
leaf water content
has close match
tissue succulence
has related match
leaf moisture content
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011264

Leaf water content per unit leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011265
preferred label
Leaf water content per unit leaf dry mass
alternative label
leaf_water_content_per_dry_mass
description
A leaf mass trait [TO:0000505] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] in a fresh [EnvThes:21976] leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of the mass of water in a fresh leaf (leaf water content) to leaf dry mass.
comments
A similar trait that is recorded by a greater number of studies is leaf_dry_matter_content, the ratio of a leaf dry mass to leaf fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
20
has broader
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
leaf weight, leaf mass
water
leaf water content
has related match
leaf moisture content
examples
exact match: Leaf water content per leaf dry mass (not saturated) [TRY:3120] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011265

Leaf water content per unit leaf fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011266
preferred label
Leaf water content per unit leaf fresh mass
alternative label
leaf_water_content_per_fresh_mass
description
A leaf mass trait [TO:0000505] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] in a fresh [EnvThes:21976] leaf [PO:0025034] to leaf fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of the mass of water in a fresh leaf (leaf water content) to leaf fresh mass
comments
A similar trait that is recorded by a greater number of studies is leaf_dry_matter_content, the ratio of a leaf dry mass to leaf fresh mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
leaf weight, leaf mass
water
leaf water content
fresh mass
has related match
leaf moisture content
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011266

Leaf water content per unit saturated leaf mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011267
preferred label
Leaf water content per unit saturated leaf mass
alternative label
leaf_water_content_per_saturated_mass
description
A leaf mass trait [TO:0000505] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] in a saturated leaf [PO:0025034] to the mass of a saturated leaf. A saturated leaf is one that has been hydrated to its maximum [NCIT:C25564] water holding capacity [IOBC:200906064703668091], known as full turgor [PATO:0001620].
The ratio of the mass of water in a leaf (leaf water content) to the mass of a saturated leaf. A saturated leaf is one that has been hydrated to its maximal water holding capacity and is at full turgor.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
leaf weight, leaf mass
water
leaf water content
fresh mass
water holding capacity
turgor
has related match
leaf moisture content
examples
close match: Leaf water content per leaf dry mass (at saturation) [TRY:3122] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011267

Leaf cell wall fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011268
preferred label
Leaf cell wall fraction
alternative label
leaf_cell_wall_fraction
description
A leaf mass trait [TO:0000505] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of cell wall [GO:0009505] dry mass to leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The ratio of leaf cell wall dry mass to leaf dry mass. This is the fraction of cell wall material that can be recovered from total leaf biomass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mg
milligram per milligram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
leaf mass trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
leaf weight, leaf mass
plant-type cell wall
biomass allocation
cell
examples
exact match: Leaf cell wall mass per leaf dry mass [TRY:3375] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011268

Leaf type

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011310
preferred label
Leaf type
alternative label
leaf_type
description
A leaf shape trait [TO:0000492] which is inclusive [NCIT:C166400] categories describing the shape [PATO:0000052] of a leaf [PO:0025034] as broad, needle-like, or scale-like.
Variable distinguishing between general leaf form (shape) categories.
comments
Terms identifying the plant organ responsible for photosynthesis are mapped to the trait plant_photosynthetic_organ, while leaf_form_general only includes terms pertaining to the general form of the leaf. The trait leaf_shape provides detailed vocabulary to describe a leaf’s shape.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_type_broadleaf Flat leaf lamina, regardless of whether the leaves are or are not toothed, lobed, or compound.
leaf_type_needle Needle or awl-shaped leaf that is generally 3-dimensional.
leaf_type_scale Leaf reduced to a small scale.
leaf_type_leafless An adult stage plant that lacks leaves throughout the year.
has broader
leaf shape trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
shape
structure
keyword
leaf shape
scope note
none
examples
related match: Leaf form [TOP225] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
related match: Leaf type [TRY:43] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Leaf_form_1 [GIFT:4.11.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
close match: Basic leaf shape [BROT:5] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Burrows 2001
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011310

Leaf shape

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011311
preferred label
Leaf shape
alternative label
leaf_shape
description
A leaf shape trait [TO:0000492] which is the shape [PATO:0000052] and form of a leaf [PO:0025034], considering the ratio [PATO:0001470] of leaf length [PATO:0000122] to leaf width [PATO:0000921], the position [PATO:0000140] of the maximum [NCIT:C25564] width dimension relative to the length axis [NCIT:C25154], and the curvature [PATO:0001591] of the leaf margin [PO:0020128].
Shapes of a leaf or leaflet.
comments
This trait includes terms to describe the shape of leaves, regardless of if they are broad leaves, scale-like leaves, or needle-like leaves. For compound leaves, it is generally the shape of the leaflet that is recorded. See the trait leaf_type for broad terms referencing leaf form (broadleaf, needle, scale) and plant_photosynthetic_organ for terms indicating which plant organ or tissue functions as the plant’s primary photosynthetic organ (e.g. phyllode, cladode, article).
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_shape_linear A 2-dimensional shape that is very long and narrow, has parallel sides and a length:width ratio between 12:1 and 6:1.
leaf_shape_narrowly_oblong A 2-dimensional shape that is long and narrow, has parallel sides and a length:width ratio between 6:1 and 3:1. (Synonyms, lorate)
leaf_shape_oblong A 2-dimensional shape that is somewhat elongated with parallel sides and a length:width ratio between 2:1 and 3:2.
leaf_shape_linear_elliptical A 2-dimensional shape that is a very narrow oval, with curved margins, lacking a distinct point, and a length:width ratio between 12:1 and 6:1.
leaf_shape_narrowly_elliptical A 2-dimensional shape that is a narrow oval, with curved margins, lacking a distinct point, and a length:width ratio between 6:1 and 3:1.
leaf_shape_elliptical A 2-dimensional shape that is an oval, with curved margins, lacking a distinct point, and a length:width ratio between 2:1 and 3:2. (Synonyms, oval)
leaf_shape_widely_elliptical A 2-dimensional shape that is a broad oval, with curved margins, lacking a distinct point, and a length:width ratio of approximately 6:5.
leaf_shape_orbicular A 2-dimensional shape that is approximately circular. (Synonyms, circular)
leaf_shape_oblate A 2-dimensional shape that is a broad oval, with curved margins, lacking a distinct point, and a length:width ratio of approximately 5:6. The petiole attaches along the broader side.
leaf_shape_narrowly_lanceolate A 2-dimensional shape that is very narrowly egg-shaped or teardrop-shaped, with a length:width ratio between 12:1 and 6:1. The petiole attaches near the wide, curved portion of the leaf lamina.
leaf_shape_lanceolate A 2-dimensional shape that is narrowly egg-shaped or teardrop-shaped, with a length:width ratio between 6:1 and 3:1. The petiole attaches near the wide, curved portion of the leaf lamina.
leaf_shape_narrowly_ovate A 2-dimensional shape that is narrowly egg-shaped, with a length:width ratio between 3:1 and 2:1. The petiole attaches near the wide, curved portion of the leaf lamina. (Synonyms, lance_ovate, widely_lanceolate)
leaf_shape_ovate A 2-dimensional shape that is egg-shaped, with a length:width ratio between 2:1 and 3:2. The petiole attaches near the wide, curved portion of the leaf lamina.
leaf_shape_widely_ovate A 2-dimensional shape that is broadly egg-shaped with a length:width ratio of approximately 6:5. The petiole attaches near the wide, curved portion of the leaf lamina.
leaf_shape_narrowly_oblanceolate A 2-dimensional shape that is very narrowly teardrop-shaped, with a length:width ratio between 12:1 and 6:1. The leaf lamina has curved outer margins and narrows nearly to a point where it attaches to the petiole. (Synonyms, linear_oblanceolate)
leaf_shape_oblanceolate A 2-dimensional shape that is narrowly teardrop-shaped, with a length:width ratio between 6:1 and 3:1. The leaf lamina has curved outer margins and narrows nearly to a point where it attaches to the petiole.
leaf_shape_narrowly_obovate A 2-dimensional shape that is narrowly egg-shaped or teardrop-shaped with a length:width ratio between 3:1 and 2:1. The leaf lamina has curved outer margins and narrows nearly to a point where it attaches to the petiole. (Synonyms, oblance-obovate)
leaf_shape_obovate A 2-dimensional shape that is egg-shaped with a length:width ratio between 2:1 and 3:2. The leaf lamina has curved outer margins and narrows nearly to a point where it attaches to the petiole.
leaf_shape_widely_obovate A 2-dimensional shape that is broadly egg-shaped with a length:width ratio of approximately 6:5. The leaf lamina has curved outer margins and narrows nearly to a point where it attaches to the petiole.
leaf_shape_narrowly_triangular A 2-dimensional shape that is narrowly triangular to wedge-shaped, with a length:width ratio 6:1 to 3:1 and the petiole attaching near the widest portion of the leaf. (Synonyms, triangular)
leaf_shape_triangular A 2-dimensional shape that is triangular to wedge-shaped, with a length:width ratio 2:1 to 3:2 and the petiole attaching near the widest portion of the leaf.
leaf_shape_deltate A 2-dimensional shape that is triangular to wedge-shaped, with a length:width ratio of 1:1 and the petiole attaching along one of the broad sides.
leaf_shape_obtriangular A 2-dimensional shape that is triangular to fan-shaped or wedge-shaped, with a length:width ratio 2:1 to 3:2 and the petiole attaching near the narrowest portion of the leaf. (Synonyms, flabelliform, fan-shaped, wedge-shaped, cuneate)
leaf_shape_narrowly_rhomboidal A 2-dimensional shape that is like a narrow diamond, with approximately straight edges, widest near the middle, and a length:width ratio 6:1 to 3:1. The petiole attaches near one of the points.
leaf_shape_rhomboidal A 2-dimensional shape that is approximately diamond or parallelogram-shaped, with approximately straight edges, widest near the middle, and a length:width ratio 2:1 to 3:2. The petiole attaches near one of the points. (Synonyms, rhombic, diamond)
leaf_shape_trullate A 2-dimensional shape that is approximately parallelogram-shaped, widest near where the petiole attaches (base), and with a length:width ratio 2:1 to 3:2.
leaf_shape_narrowly_obtrullate A 2-dimensional shape that is narrowly parallelogram-shaped, widest near the tip, and with a length:width ratio 3:1 to 6:1.
leaf_shape_obtrullate A 2-dimensional shape that is approximately parallelogram-shaped, widest near the tip, and with a length:width ratio 2:1 to 3:2.
leaf_shape_widely_obtrullate A 2-dimensional shape that is broadly parallelogram-shaped, widest near the tip, and with a length:width ratio of approximately 6:5.
leaf_shape_acicular A 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional shape with a needlelike tip, often round in cross-section, with margins straight and parallel, and a length:width ratio greater than 12:1. (Synonyms, needle-shaped)
leaf_shape_terete A 3-dimensional shape that is a long, narrow cylinder approximately circular in cross-section. Terete leaves often taper toward the tip. (Synonym, cylindrical)
leaf_shape_cordate A 2-dimensional heart shape, approximately ovate with a cordate base, with the petiole attaching at the notch between the lobes. (Synonyms, cordiform)
leaf_shape_obcordate A 2-dimensional heart shape, approximately ovate with a cordate apex, and the petiole attaching along the broad, curve side.
leaf_shape_falcate A 2-dimensional sickle-shape, approximately lanceolate to linear and curved on one side. (Synonyms, scimitar-shaped, sickle-shaped, falciform, crescent-shaped)
leaf_shape_reniform A 2-dimensional shape that is roughly kidney-shaped, wider than long with a rounded apex and two rounded, basal lobes that are smoothly concave at their intersection. (Synonyms, kidney-shaped)
leaf_shape_spathulate A 2-dimensional shape that can be approximately oblong, obovate, or oblanceolate in outline with a long attenuate base, like a spoon. (Synonyms, spoon-shaped, clavate)
leaf_shape_strap-shaped A 2-dimensional shape that is strap-shaped with a rounded tip and a length:width ratio greater than 12:1.
leaf_shape_ensiform A 2-dimensional shape that is sword-shaped with a pointed tip and a length:width ratio greater than 12:1. (Synonyms, sword-shaped)
leaf_shape_subulate A 2-dimensional shape that is awl-shaped, approximately narrowly oblong to narrowly triangular with a broad base. (Synonyms, awl-shaped)
leaf_shape_peltate A 2-dimensional orbicular shape, distinguished by the petiole attaching near the center of the leaf lamina.
leaf_shape_filiform A 2-dimensional shape that is long, thin, and typically flexuous, threadlike, filamentous.
has broader
leaf shape trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
shape
length
curvature
structure
keyword
leaf shape
leaf margin
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has exact match
leaf shape
has related match
leaflet shape
examples
close match: Leaf form [TOP225] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Leaf shape [TRY:154] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Simpson 2019
Ellis 2009
Systematics Association Committee for Descriptive Terminology 1962
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011311

Leaf base shape

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011312
preferred label
Leaf base shape
alternative label
leaf_base_shape
description
A leaf shape trait [TO:0000492] which is the variation in shapes and forms of a leaf base [PO:0020040], especially considering the curvature [PATO:0001591] of the leaf margin [PO:0020128] near where it attaches to the petiole [PO:0020038].
The shape of the basal margin of a leaf.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_base_shape_acute Two sides of the leaf meet at an angle that is less than 90<U+00B0>.
leaf_base_shape_attenuate Basal leaf margin abruptly incurved (concave), the two sides intersecting at an angle of less than 45<U+00B0>.
leaf_base_shape_auriculate Basal leaf margin with two rounded lobes. The leaf margin above the lobes is concave. The petiole attaches in the incised region between the lobes.
leaf_base_shape_cordate Basal leaf margin with two rounded lobes and the petiole attaches in the incised region between the lobes. The leaf margin above the lobes is rounded.
leaf_base_shape_cuneate Basal leaf margin approximately straight, the two sides intersecting at an angle between 45<U+00B0> to 90<U+00B0>.
leaf_base_shape_hastate Basal leaf margin with two lobes oriented outward, such that they are at approximately 90<U+00B0> relative to the central axis and the leaf margin is fairly flat at the base.
leaf_base_shape_oblique The leaf base is asymmetrical, with the midrib not lying in the middle of the leaf where it attaches to the petiole.
leaf_base_shape_obtuse Two sides of the leaf meet at an angle that is greater than 90<U+00B0>.
leaf_base_shape_rounded Basal leaf margin is rounded.
leaf_base_shape_sagittate Basal leaf margin with two lobes oriented downward, away from apex. The petiole attaches in the concave region between the lobes.
leaf_base_shape_sheathing The leaf base is broad and envelops the stem.
leaf_base_shape_truncate The basal leaf margin is cut straight across with the two sides intersecting at approximately 180<U+00B0>.
has broader
leaf shape trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
shape
curvature
keyword
leaf shape
leaf base
leaf margin
petiole
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has exact match
Lamina shape
references
Simpson 2019
Ellis 2009
date created
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011312

Leaf margin

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011313
preferred label
Leaf margin
alternative label
leaf_margin
description
A leaf shape trait [TO:0000492] which is the edge shape [PATO:0002267] of the leaf margin [PO:0020128], in particular the presence or absence of leaf lamina teeth [PO:0025518] and the shape [PATO:0000052] of the leaf lamina teeth (serrate, dentate, or crenate).
Shape of the leaf margin, referencing incisions or projections in the outermost 1/8 of the leaf lamina.
comments
Terms describing leaf lamina projections and incisions that are greater than 1/8 of the distance to the midrib are captured under the traits leaf_lobation and leaf_division_detailed.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_margin_entire Leaf margin lacks projections or indentations that extend less than 1/8 of the distance to the midrib.
leaf_margin_toothed Leaf margin has small projections or lobes along the edge of the leaf lamina. This is a broad term that includes serrate, dentate, and crenulate.
leaf_margin_toothed_serrate Type of toothed leaf margin with sharp teeth that are angled toward the tip of the leaf. (Synonyms, saw-toothed)
leaf_margin_toothed_dentate Type of toothed leaf margin with sharp teeth that point outwards at right angles to the leaf margin.
leaf_margin_toothed_crenate Type of toothed leaf margin with teeth that are rounded or obtuse, rather than having a sharp apex. [PO:0025519]
has broader
leaf shape trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
shape
edge shape
curvature
keyword
leaf shape
leaf margin
leaf lamina tooth
scope note
Plants with broad leaves.
has exact match
leaf margin morphology trait
has close match
leaf margin serrated
examples
exact match: Leaf margin type [TRY:963] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Leaf_margin_1 [GIFT:4.12.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
Simpson 2019
Ellis 2009
Hickey 1973
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011313

Leaf margin posture

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011314
preferred label
Leaf margin posture
alternative label
leaf_margin_posture
description
A leaf shape trait [TO:0000492] which is the degree of curvature [PATO:0001591] or curling [PATO:0000405] of the leaf margin [PO:0020128] along the side of the leaf, at the leaf apex [PO:0020137], and at the leaf base [PO:0020040].
The posture (curvature or curling) of the leaf margin.
comments
This trait captures the posture of the leaf margin, where posture refers to the placement of different parts of the leaf’s margin relative to a flat plane. This trait’s definition and allowable levels will be further refined once more data are available to map onto possible trait values.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_margin_posture_involute Leaf margins along the side of the leaf are rolled upward, such that the margin of the adaxial (upper) leaf surface is rolled inward. (Synonym, inrolled, incurved)
leaf_margin_posture_revolute Leaf margins along the side of the leaf are rolled under or downward, such that the margin of the abaxial (lower) leaf surface is rolled inward. [PATO:0001963] (Synonym, recurved)
leaf_margin_posture_flat Leaf lamina, including margins, is a 2-dimensional plane. [PATO:0000407]
leaf_margin_posture_undulate Leaf margins are wavy in their 2-dimensional plane. (Synonyms, wavy, rippled, sinuate)
has broader
leaf shape trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
shape
curvature
keyword
leaf shape
curled
leaf margin
leaf apex
leaf base
scope note
Plants with leaves
references
Simpson 2019
date created
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011314

Leaf lobation

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011315
preferred label
Leaf lobation
alternative label
leaf_lobation
description
A leaf shape trait [TO:0000492] which is the presence or absence of leaf lamina lobes [PO:0025517] along the leaf margin [PO:0020128] and how far the lobes extend toward the midrib [PO:0020139].
A trait that indicates whether a leaf lamina or leaflets display any divisions or dissections on a 2-dimensional plane that extend greater than 1/8 of the distance to the midrib.
comments
For terms pertaining to 2-dimensional leaf lamina divisions and incisions that are less than 1/8 of the distance to the midrib, see the trait leaf_margin. See also the trait leaf_division for more detailed leaf lobation (and leaf compoundness) trait values. Note that there might be some species that grade from deeply lobed simple leaves to compound leaves.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_lobation_unlobed Leaf margin lacks projections or indentations that extend more than 1/8 of the distance to the midrib.
leaf_lobation_lobed Leaf margin has incisions, either rounded or sharp-tipped, that extend more than 1/8 of the distance to the midrib.
leaf_lobation_lobed_deep Leaf margin with lobes that extend more than halfway to the midrib. (Synonyms, parted, divided)
leaf_lobation_lobed_shallow Leaf margin with lobes that extend less than halfway to the midrib. (Synonyms, cleft, sinuate)
has broader
leaf shape trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
shape
edge shape
curvature
keyword
leaf shape
leaf lamina lobes
leaf margin
leaf midvein, midrib
scope note
Plants with well-developed leaves.
has exact match
leaf lamina lobes
references
Simpson 2019
Ellis 2009
Hickey 1973
Wikipedia 2022 Glossary of leaf morphology
date created
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011315

Leaf compoundness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011316
preferred label
Leaf compoundness
alternative label
leaf_compoundness
description
A leaf shape trait [TO:0000492] which is whether a leaf [PO:0025034] is a simple leaf [PO:0020042] or is divided into leaflets [PO:0020049] making it a compound leaf [PO:0020043].
A binary trait that indicates whether a leaf lamina is simple or divided into discontinuous leaflets (compound).
comments
See also the trait ‘leaf_division’ for more detailed leaf compoundness trait values. Note that there might be some species that grade from deeply lobed simple leaves (see trait leaf_lobation) to compound leaves.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_compoundness_simple A leaf with a single undivided blade. [PO:0020042]
leaf_compoundness_compound A leaf that is divided into multiple leaflets. [PO:0020043]
has broader
leaf shape trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
shape
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
leaf shape
simple leaf
leaflet
compound leaf
leaf midvein, midrib
scope note
Plants with well-developed leaves.
examples
exact match: Leaf compoundness [TOP222] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf compoundness [TRY:17] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf compoundness [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Leaf division degree [BROT:2] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Ellis 2009
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011316

Leaf divisions

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011317
preferred label
Leaf divisions
alternative label
leaf_lamina_division
description
A leaf shape trait [TO:0000492] which indicates types [NCIT:C25284] of lobed leaves [PO:0025517] and compound leaves [PO:0020043], including the arrangement [NCIT:C61532] of the lobes or leaflets [PO:0020049] with respect to the midrib [PO:0020139] or other primary leaf veins [PO:0025413] and the number of orders of axes [NCIT:C25154] across which there are incisions or divisions.
A trait that captures the types of lobed leaves and compound leaves, including the arrangement of the lobes or leaflets relative to the midrib or other primary veins and the number of orders of axes across which there are incisions or divisions.
comments
This trait provides detailed description of leaf divisions, beyond what is captured in leaf_compoundness (simple versus compound) and leaf_lobation (entire versus lobed). The term ‘divided’ is meant to indicate lobing, such as ‘trichotomously divided’, but as ‘divided’ is also used in some context to indicate the divisions of leaves into leaflets, it is avoided as a trait value for this trait.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_lamina_division_pinnately_lobed Leaf with divisions that are symmetrical across a central axis, usually the midvein.
leaf_lamina_division_palmately_lobed Leaf with divisions that radiate from a single point, usually the basal junction of major veins.
leaf_lamina_division_pinnatifid Leaf with lobes that extend less than half-way to the midrib.
leaf_lamina_division_bipinnatifid Leaf that is twice pinnatifid, with two series of lobes that extend less than half-way to the midrib.
leaf_lamina_division_pinnatipartite Leaf with lobes that extend more than half-way to the midrib.
leaf_lamina_division_pinnatisect Leaf with lobes that extend nearly to the midrib but the divisions are not separated into distinct leaflets.
leaf_lamina_division_bipinnatipartite Leaf that is twice pinnatipartite, with two series of lobes that extend more than half-way to the midrib.
leaf_lamina_division_bipinnatisect Leaf that is twice pinnatisect, with two series of lobes that extend nearly to the midrib but the divisions are not separated into distinct leaflets.
leaf_lamina_division_trichotomously_lobed Leaf divided repeatedly into three lobes.
leaf_lamina_division_dichotomously_lobed Leaf divided repeatedly into two lobes.
leaf_lamina_division_bipartite Leaf divided into two lobes.
leaf_lamina_division_tripartite Leaf divided into three lobes.
leaf_lamina_division_pinnately_compound Leaf divided into leaflets that attach along a central axis. [PATO_0000410]
leaf_lamina_division_palmately_compound Leaf divided into leaflets that attach to a central point. (Synonyms, digitate)
leaf_lamina_division_bipinnate Leaf that is twice pinnate, having pinnate leaflets that are themselves pinnately divided.
leaf_lamina_division_tripinnate Leaf that is three times pinnate, with pinnate leaflets that are twice more pinnately divided.
leaf_lamina_division_trifoliate Leaf divided into three leaflets. (Synonyms, ternate, trifoliolate)
has broader
leaf shape trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
spatial pattern, distribution
shape
arrangement
keyword
leaf shape
leaf lamina lobes
compound leaf
leaflet
leaf midvein, midrib
leaf margin
pinnate
scope note
Plants with broad leaves.
examples
related match: Leaf compoundness [TOP222] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
related match: Leaf compoundness [TRY:17] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Simpson 2019
Ellis 2009
Hickey 1973
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
leaf_division
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011317

Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensionality)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011318
preferred label
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensionality)
alternative label
leaf_posture_numeric
description
A leaf shape trait [TO:0000492] which is the maximum [NCIT:C25564] perpendicular [PATO:0002434] height [PATO:0000119] of a leaf [PO:0025034] placed on a flat surface, indicating the 3-D extent [PATO:0001710] of the leaf. This generally corresponds with whether the leaf is curled [FLOPO:0010468].
The maximum perpendicular height of a leaf when positioned on a flat surface.
comments
A measure of how planar versus 3-dimensional a leaf is. The term posture refers to the placement of different parts of the leaf’s lamina relative to a flat plane.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
leaf shape trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
height
shape
3-D extent
keyword
leaf shape
leaf lamina
scope note
Plants with leaves
references
Simpson 2019
Grootemaat 2017
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
leaf_curliness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011318

Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011319
preferred label
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape)
alternative label
leaf_lamina_posture
description
A leaf shape trait [TO:0000492] which is the 3-D shape [PATO:0002266] of the surface [NCIT:C25245] of the leaf lamina [PO:0020039], including its degree of curvature [PATO:0001591] and whether it is bent [PATO:0000617].
The 3-dimension shape of the surface of the leaf lamina, including its degree of curvature and bending.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_lamina_posture_concave A longitudinal posture term indicating the leaf lamina is curved upward along the central axis, such that the upper leaf lamina surface is concave.
leaf_lamina_posture_conduplicate A longitudinal posture term indicating the leaf lamina is folded upward along the central axis. (Synonym, folded)
leaf_lamina_posture_convex A longitudinal posture term indicating the leaf lamina is curved downward along the central axis, such that the lower leaf lamina surface is concave. (Synonym, concavoconvex, planoconvex)
leaf_lamina_posture_convolute Leaf lamina is contorted. (Synonym, twisted)
leaf_lamina_posture_flat The leaf lamina is a 2-dimensional plane.
leaf_lamina_posture_incurved Leaf tip is curved upward.
leaf_lamina_posture_involute A longitudinal posture term indicating the outer portions of the leaf lamina are rolled inward or upward.
leaf_lamina_posture_plicate Leaf margin is pleated, with a series of longitudinal folds.
leaf_lamina_posture_recurved Leaf tip is curved outward or downward. [PATO:0002211]
leaf_lamina_posture_revolute A longitudinal posture term indicating the outer portions of the leaf lamina are rolled outward or downward.
leaf_lamina_posture_undulate The leaf lamina surface is rippled or wavy in its 2-dimensional plane. [PATO:0000967] (Synonyms, wavy, rippled, sinuate)
has broader
leaf shape trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
shape
3-D shape
3-D extent
keyword
leaf shape
leaf lamina
scope note
Plants with leaves
references
no linked references
date created
2023-06-07”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011319

Leaf glaucousness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011360
preferred label
Leaf glaucousness
alternative label
leaf_glaucousness
description
A leaf morphology trait [TO:0000748] which is the presence or absence of epicuticular wax [PO:0025388] on the leaf lamina [PO:0020039] of a fully expanded adult phase leaf [PO:0006340], giving the leaf lamina surface a white-coloured [PATO:0000014] or blue-coloured waxy [PATO:0002384] appearance, termed glaucous.
Variable describing whether mature adult phase leaves have a glaucous appearance, the colour due to being covered with a smooth, usually whitish to bluish epicuticular wax that can easily be rubbed off.
comments
The accompanying methods should specify if the trait was scored on the upper (adaxial) or lower (abaxial) surface of the leaf; in the absence of any notes, it is assumed the trait was scored on the upper (adaxial) leaf surface.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_glaucousness_glaucous Mature (fully expanded) leaves on adult plants have a waxy coating, giving them a glaucous appearance. (Synonyms, waxy bloom, pruinose)
leaf_glaucousness_not_glaucous Mature (fully expanded) leaves on adult plants do not have a glaucous appearance.
has broader
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
colour / color
texture
keyword
epicuticular wax
leaf lamina
waxy
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has exact match
leaf gloss
references
Simpson 2019
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
glaucous
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011360

Mature leaf hairiness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011361
preferred label
Mature leaf hairiness
alternative label
leaf_hairs_adult_leaves
description
A leaf pubescence trait [TO:0002722] which is the presence or absence of trichomes [PO:0006504] (hairs) on the leaf lamina [PO:0020039] of a fully expanded adult phase leaf [PO:0006340].
Variable describing whether mature (fully expanded) adult phase leaves on adult plants have hairs (trichomes).
comments
This trait captures the presence or absence of hairs on mature (fully expanded), adult phase leaves on adult plants. Best practice is to sample leaves that are recently fully expanded, since older leaves have often shed many of their hairs. The accompanying methods should specify if the trait was scored on the upper (adaxial) or lower (abaxial) surface of the leaf; in the absence of any notes, it is assumed the trait was scored on the upper (adaxial) leaf surface.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_hairs_adult_leaves_glabrous Mature (fully expanded) leaves on adult plants do not have hairs (trichomes).
leaf_hairs_adult_leaves_hairy Mature (fully expanded) leaves on adult plants have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
texture
pilosity
keyword
leaf pubescence
leaf trichome
leaf lamina
vestiture
hairy
adult vascular leaf
pilosity
trichome
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has exact match
leaf lamina pubescence
has related match
leaf trichome density
examples
close match: Leaf emergences (pubescence, pruinescence, hairs, spines, thorns) [TRY:677] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Hanley 2007
Simpson 2019
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
leaf_hairs_adult
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011361

Juvenile phase leaf hairiness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011362
preferred label
Juvenile phase leaf hairiness
alternative label
leaf_hairs_juvenile_leaves
description
A leaf pubescence trait [TO:0002722] which is the presence or absence of trichomes [PO:0006504] (hairs) on the leaf lamina [PO:0020039] of a juvenile vascular leaf [PO:0006339] (on adult or juvenile plants).
Variable describing whether fully expanded juvenile phase leaves (on adult or juvenile plants) have hairs (trichomes).
comments
This trait captures the presence or absence of hairs on fully-expanded juvenile phase leaves. It is best practice for the methods to specify whether these leaves were sampled from adult or juvenile plants. The accompanying methods should also specify if the trait was scored on the upper (adaxial) or lower (abaxial) surface of the leaf; in the absence of any notes, it is assumed the trait was scored on the upper (adaxial) leaf surface.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_hairs_juvenile_leaves_glabrous Juvenile phase leaves do not have hairs (trichomes).
leaf_hairs_juvenile_leaves_hairy Juvenile phase leaves have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
texture
pilosity
keyword
leaf pubescence
leaf trichome
leaf lamina
vestiture
hairy
juvenile vascular leaf
pilosity
trichome
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has close match
leaf lamina pubescence
has related match
leaf trichome density
examples
close match: Leaf emergences (pubescence, pruinescence, hairs, spines, thorns) [TRY:677] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Hanley 2007
Simpson 2019
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
leaf_hairs_juvenile
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011362

Immature leaf hairiness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011363
preferred label
Immature leaf hairiness
alternative label
leaf_hairs_immature_leaves
description
A leaf pubescence trait [TO:0002722] which is the presence or absence of trichomes [PO:0006504] (hairs) on the leaf lamina [PO:0020039] of an adult phase leaf [PO:0006340] still in the vascular leaf expansion stage [PO:0001052].
Variable describing whether immature (still expanding) adult phase leaves on adult plants have hairs (trichomes).
comments
This trait captures the presence or absence of hairs on immature (still expanding) leaves on adult plants. The accompanying methods should specify if the trait was scored on the upper (adaxial) or lower (abaxial) surface of the leaf; in the absence of any notes, it is assumed the trait was scored on the upper (adaxial) leaf surface.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_hairs_immature_leaves_glabrous Immature (still expanding) leaves do not have hairs (trichomes).
leaf_hairs_immature_leaves_hairy Immature (still expanding) leaves have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
texture
pilosity
keyword
leaf pubescence
leaf trichome
leaf lamina
vestiture
hairy
adult vascular leaf
vascular leaf expansion stage
trichome
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has close match
leaf lamina pubescence
has related match
leaf trichome density
examples
close match: Leaf emergences (pubescence, pruinescence, hairs, spines, thorns) [TRY:677] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Hanley 2007
Simpson 2019
date created
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011363

Leaf surface colour

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011364
preferred label
Leaf surface colour
alternative label
leaf_surface_colour
description
A leaf morphology trait [TO:0000748] which is which is the dominant (primary [NCIT:C25251]) colour [PATO:0000014] of the leaf lamina [PO:0020039].
Human visible dominant colour of the surface of a leaf.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_surface_colour_green Leaf lamina surface is green.
leaf_surface_colour_grey_green Leaf lamina surface is grey-green.
leaf_surface_colour_dark_green Leaf lamina surface is dark green.
leaf_surface_colour_pale_green Leaf lamina surface is pale green.
leaf_surface_colour_pale_grey_green Leaf lamina surface is pale grey-green.
leaf_surface_colour_dark_grey_green Leaf lamina surface is dark grey-green.
leaf_surface_colour_red Leaf lamina surface is red.
leaf_surface_colour_purple Leaf lamina surface is purple.
has broader
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
colour / color
keyword
leaf lamina
adult vascular leaf
has exact match
leaf lamina color
examples
exact match: Leaf color [TRY:582] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011364

Leaf surface reflectivity

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011365
preferred label
Leaf surface reflectivity
alternative label
leaf_surface_reflectivity
description
A leaf morphology trait [TO:0000748] which is the reflectivity [PATO:0001297] of the surface [NCIT:C25245] of a mature [PATO:0001701] leaf lamina [PO:0020039].
Surface reflectivity of a leaf, indicating whether the leaf lamina is shiny or dull.
comments
There will be overlap between this trait and the trait leaf_glaucousness. This trait can be used to document surface reflectivity more broadly, not only distinguishing between leaf lamina that are glaucous versus not glaucous.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_surface_reflectivity_dull Leaf surface appears dull, indicating it has a low reflectivity.
leaf_surface_reflectivity_shiny Leaf surface appears shiny or glossy, indicating it has a high reflectivity. (Synonyms, glossy, lustrous, polished)
has broader
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
texture
morphology
reflectivity
keyword
leaf lamina
adult vascular leaf
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011365

Leaf phyllotaxis

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011410
preferred label
Leaf phyllotaxis
alternative label
leaf_phyllotaxis
description
A leaf [PO:0025034] spatial pattern [PATO:0000060] trait which is the phyllotaxy [TO:0006014] of leaves, indicating a leaf’s position [TO:0000541] relative to other leaves at a stem node [PO:0020141].
Leaf arrangement at a stem node, indicating the relative number and position of leaves at a single stem note.
comments
This trait only includes true phyllotaxis, the arrangement of leaves at a single node, while the trait leaf arrangement indicates how the leaves are presented along the entire shoot system. See the trait stem_growth_habit for whole-plant leaf pattern terms, such as rosette.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_phyllotaxis_alternate A single leaf is attached at each stem node.
leaf_phyllotaxis_opposite A pair of leaves are attached opposite to one another at each stem node.
leaf_phyllotaxis_whorled Three or more leaves are attached at each stem node, arranged in a symmetrical pattern around the stem. (Synonyms, verticillate)
has broader
leaf position trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
spatial pattern, distribution
arrangement
keyword
phyllotaxy
stem node
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has exact match
phyllotaxy
examples
close match: Leaf distribution along the shoot axis (arrangement type) [TRY:16] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Leaf_arrangement [GIFT:4.15.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
Simpson 2019
Ellis 2009
Wikipedia 2022 Leaf arrangement on the stem
date created
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011410

Leaf arrangement

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011411
preferred label
Leaf arrangement
alternative label
leaf_arrangement
description
A leaf [PO:0025034] spatial pattern [PATO:0000060] trait which is the position [TO:0000541] and arrangement [NCIT:C61532] of leaves between stem nodes [PO:0020141], indicating how leaves align and cluster along the vegetative shoot system [PO:0025607].
Leaf arrangement across stem nodes, indicating the 3-dimensional arrangement of leaves along the length of the stem.
comments
Leaf arrangement, as defined for this trait, indicates patterns of leaf arrangement across nodes, including both formal terms (decussate, distichous, spiral) as well as indications of leaf clustering due to variation in internode length. See the trait leaf phyllotaxis for terms describing leaf arrangement at a single node. See the trait stem_growth_habit for whole-plant leaf pattern terms, such as rosette.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_arrangement_decussate When sequential pairs of opposite leaves attach at right angles to the pair above or below.
leaf_arrangement_distichous When alternate or opposite leaves are arranged in two opposite rows.
leaf_arrangement_scattered When leaves are attached along the entire length of stem.
leaf_arrangement_spiral When alternate leaves are attached in a progressive spiral pattern along the stem.
leaf_arrangement_fasciculate A tight bundle or cluster of leaves attaches to the stem in a single location, generally due to the shortening of internodes. (Synonym, tufted)
leaf_arrangement_clustered When leaves are in any type of cluster, where the type of cluster is not further specified. The leaves may be clustered toward the base of the plant (a rosette), toward the top of the plant, toward the end of branches, or in distinct tuft (fascicles), but more information is not provided.
leaf_arrangement_clustered_basal When leaves are clustered or crowded to the base of the stem, arranged in a rosette or other basal clustering. (Synonym, rosette)
leaf_arrangement_crowded When internode length varies considerably along a stem, such that leaves appear crowded or tufted. (Synonym, congested)
leaf_arrangement_rosette When leaves radiate from a central point at or near ground level.
leaf_arrangement_imbricate When leaves lay tightly against the stem and are overlapping.
has broader
leaf position trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
spatial pattern, distribution
arrangement
keyword
stem node
vegetative shoot system
phyllotaxy
scope note
Plants with leaves.
examples
close match: Leaf distribution along the shoot axis (arrangement type) [TRY:16] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Leaf_arrangement [GIFT:4.15.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
Simpson 2019
Ellis 2009
Wikipedia 2022 Leaf arrangement on the stem
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011411

Leaf axil angle

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011412
preferred label
Leaf axil angle
alternative label
leaf_axil_angle
description
A leaf position trait [TO:0000541] which is the angle [PATO:0002326] of a leaf axil [PO:0009023], the space between a leaf [PO:0025034] and the stem [PO:0009047] to which it is attached.
The angle between a shoot and a leaf that connects to the shoot axis.
comments
This trait records the angle between the upper surface of a leaf and the stem to which it is attached. The slope of the leaf lamina relative to the solar zenith is a separate trait, leaf_inclination_angle.
value type
continuous variable
unit
deg
plane angle degree
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
180
has broader
leaf position trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
angle
orientation
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
leaf axil
leaf attitude
leaf lamina
leaf angle
scope note
Plants with leaves
has exact match
leaf angle
examples
related match: Leaf angle (inclination, orientation) [TRY:3] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011412

Leaf inclination angle

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011413
preferred label
Leaf inclination angle
alternative label
leaf_inclination_angle
description
A leaf position trait [TO:0000541] which is the inclination angle [PATO:0002326] of the adaxial [PATO:0002047] leaf lamina [PO:0020039] surface relative to a horizontal [PATO:0001855] plane, such that an adaxial leaf surface facing the solar zenith [ECSO:00002723] has an angle of 0.
The inclination angle of the upper (adaxial) leaf lamina surface relative to a horizontal plane, such that a leaf surface facing the solar zenith has an angle of 0.
comments
This trait records the slope of the leaf lamina relative to the ground surface. The angle between a stem and the leaf lamina is a separate trait, leaf_axil_angle. Complanate leaves can be scored as having a leaf_inclination_angle of 0.
value type
continuous variable
unit
deg
plane angle degree
minAllowedValue
-90
maxAllowedValue
90
has broader
leaf position trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
angle
orientation
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
leaf lamina
solar zenith angle
leaf attitude
scope note
Plants with leaves
has close match
leaf attitude
examples
exact match: Leaf angle (inclination, orientation) [TRY:3] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Niinemets 2010
Falster 2003b
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
leaf_angle
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011413

Leaf pendulousness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011414
preferred label
Leaf pendulousness
alternative label
leaf_pendulousness
description
A leaf position trait [TO:0000541] which indicates whether leaves [PO:0025034] are pendulous [APD:glossary/40066], hanging loosely downward and possessing the ability to flutter.
Binary variable describing whether leaves are pendulous, hanging loosely downward and possessing the ability to flutter.
comments
This is a binary categorical trait, scoring whether leaves are pendulous and therefore hanging loosely downward and able to flutter. Two additional traits, leaf_inclination_angle and leaf_axil_angle document the actual angle of the leaf lamina relative to, respectively, the solar zenith and the stem.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_pendulousness_pendulous Leaves are pendulous.
leaf_pendulousness_not_pendulous Leaves are not pendulous.
has broader
leaf position trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
spatial pattern, distribution
orientation
angle
keyword
leaf angle
pendulous
scope note
Plants with leaves
has close match
leaf attitude
examples
close match: Leaf angle (inclination, orientation) [TRY:3] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Curtis 2012
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
pendulous_leaves
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011414

Cuticle thickness on the lower leaf surface

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011510
preferred label
Cuticle thickness on the lower leaf surface
alternative label
leaf_cuticle_thickness_abaxial
description
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait [TO:0000843] which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of cuticle [PO:0000022] on the abaxial [PATO:0002046] (lower) leaf lamina [PO:0020039].
Thickness of the cuticle on the lower leaf surface.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
thickness
keyword
plant cuticle
abaxial
leaf lamina
has close match
plant cuticle thickness
examples
close match: Leaf cuticula thickness [TRY:716] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
lower_cuticle_thickness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011510

Cuticle thickness on the upper leaf surface

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011511
preferred label
Cuticle thickness on the upper leaf surface
alternative label
leaf_cuticle_thickness_adaxial
description
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait [TO:0000843] which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of cuticle [PO:0000022] on the adaxial [PATO:0002047] (upper) leaf lamina [PO:0020039].
Thickness of the cuticle on the upper leaf surface.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
thickness
keyword
plant cuticle
adaxial
leaf lamina
has close match
plant cuticle thickness
examples
close match: Leaf cuticula thickness [TRY:716] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
upper_cuticle_thickness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011511

Leaf epidermis thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011512
preferred label
Leaf epidermis thickness
alternative label
leaf_epidermis_thickness
description
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait [TO:0000843] which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of epidermis [PO:0005679] tissue [CARO:0000043] , in samples where the leaf lamina [PO:0020039] side (abaxial [PATO:0002046] versus adaxial [PATO:0002047]) is not specified.
Thickness of the epidermis, where the leaf lamina side is not specified.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
thickness
keyword
tissue
epidermis
leaf lamina
abaxial
adaxial
has close match
epidermis thickness
examples
exact match: Leaf epidermis thickness [TRY:101] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
epidermis_thickness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011512

Lower leaf side epidermis thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011513
preferred label
Lower leaf side epidermis thickness
alternative label
leaf_epidermis_thickness_abaxial
description
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait [TO:0000843] which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of epidermis [PO:0005679] tissue [CARO:0000043] on the abaxial [PATO:0002046] (lower) side of the leaf lamina [PO:0020039].
Thickness of the epidermis on the lower side of the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
thickness
keyword
tissue
epidermis
abaxial
leaf lamina
has close match
epidermis thickness
examples
close match: Leaf epidermis thickness [TRY:101] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
epidermis_thickness_lower_leaf_surface
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011513

Upper leaf side epidermis thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011514
preferred label
Upper leaf side epidermis thickness
alternative label
leaf_epidermis_thickness_adaxial
description
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait [TO:0000843] which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of epidermis [PO:0005679] tissue [CARO:0000043] on the adaxial [PATO:0002047] (upper) side of the leaf lamina [PO:0020039].
Thickness of the epidermis on the upper side of the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
thickness
keyword
tissue
epidermis
adaxial
leaf lamina
has close match
epidermis thickness
examples
close match: Leaf epidermis thickness [TRY:101] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
epidermis_thickness_upper_leaf_surface
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011514

Average leaf epidermal cell density

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011515
preferred label
Average leaf epidermal cell density
alternative label
leaf_epidermal_cell_density_both_sides
description
A plant cell morphology trait [TO:0002683] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the count [NCIT:C25463] of epidermal cells [PO:0004013] to leaf lamina [PO:0020039] area [PATO:0001323], averaged across the abaxial [PATO:0002046] (lower) and adaxial [PATO:0002047] (upper) sides of the leaf lamina.
Epidermal cell density averaged across the upper and lower sides of the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/mm2
reciprocal square millimetre
minAllowedValue
100
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
plant cell morphology trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
has number of
count density
ratio; proportion
count
per unit area
keyword
cell
epidermal cell
abaxial
adaxial
leaf lamina
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
epidermal_cell_density_both_sides
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011515

Lower leaf side epidermal cell density

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011516
preferred label
Lower leaf side epidermal cell density
alternative label
leaf_epidermal_cell_density_abaxial
description
A plant cell morphology trait [TO:0002683] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the count [NCIT:C25463] of epidermal cells [PO:0004013] on the abaxial [PATO:0002046] (lower) side of the leaf lamina [PO:0020039] to leaf lamina area [PATO:0001323].
Epidermal cell density on the lower side of the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/mm2
reciprocal square millimetre
minAllowedValue
100
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
plant cell morphology trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
has number of
count density
ratio; proportion
count
per unit area
keyword
cell
epidermal cell
abaxial
leaf lamina
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
epidermal_cell_density_abaxial
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011516

Upper leaf side epidermal cell density

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011517
preferred label
Upper leaf side epidermal cell density
alternative label
leaf_epidermal_cell_density_adaxial
description
A plant cell morphology trait [TO:0002683] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the count [NCIT:C25463] of epidermal cells [PO:0004013] on the adaxial [PATO:0002047] (upper) side of the leaf lamina [PO:0020039] to leaf lamina area [PATO:0001323].
Epidermal cell density on the upper side of the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/mm2
reciprocal square millimetre
minAllowedValue
100
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
plant cell morphology trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
has number of
count density
ratio; proportion
count
per unit area
keyword
cell
epidermal cell
adaxial
leaf lamina
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
epidermal_cell_density_adaxial
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011517

Lower leaf side hypodermis thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011518
preferred label
Lower leaf side hypodermis thickness
alternative label
leaf_hypodermis_thickness_abaxial
description
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait [TO:0000843] which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of hypodermis [PO:0005051] tissue [CARO:0000043] on the abaxial [PATO:0002046] (lower) side of the leaf lamina [PO:0020039].
Thickness of the hypodermis on the lower side of the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
thickness
keyword
tissue
hypodermis
abaxial
leaf lamina
examples
close match: Leaf hypodermis thickness [TRY:806] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
lower_hypodermis_thickness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011518

Upper leaf side hypodermis thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011519
preferred label
Upper leaf side hypodermis thickness
alternative label
leaf_hypodermis_thickness_adaxial
description
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait [TO:0000843] which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of hypodermis [PO:0005051] tissue [CARO:0000043] on the adaxial [PATO:0002047] (upper) side of the leaf lamina [PO:0020039].
Thickness of the hypodermis on the upper side of the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
thickness
keyword
tissue
hypodermis
adaxial
leaf lamina
examples
close match: Leaf hypodermis thickness [TRY:806] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
upper_hypodermis_thickness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011519

Lower palisade mesophyll thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011520
preferred label
Lower palisade mesophyll thickness
alternative label
leaf_palisade_tissue_thickness_abaxial
description
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait [TO:0000843] which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of palisade mesophyll [PO:0005648] tissue [CARO:0000043] on the abaxial [PATO:0002046] (lower) side of the leaf lamina [PO:0020039].
Thickness of palisade mesophyll tissue on the lower side of the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
thickness
keyword
tissue
palisade mesophyll
abaxial
leaf lamina
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
lower_palisade_cell_thickness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011520

Upper palisade mesophyll thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011521
preferred label
Upper palisade mesophyll thickness
alternative label
leaf_palisade_tissue_thickness_adaxial
description
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait [TO:0000843] which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of palisade mesophyll [PO:0005648] tissue [CARO:0000043] on the adaxial [PATO:0002047] (upper) side of the leaf lamina [PO:0020039].
Thickness of palisade mesophyll tissue on the upper side of the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
thickness
keyword
tissue
palisade mesophyll
adaxial
leaf lamina
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
upper_palisade_cell_thickness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011521

Palisade cell length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011522
preferred label
Palisade cell length
alternative label
leaf_palisade_cell_length
description
A plant cell morphology trait [TO:0002683] which is the length [PATO:0000122] of individual palisade mesophyll cells [PO:0006206].
Length of individual leaf palisade cells.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
plant cell morphology trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
length
keyword
cell
palisade mesophyll cell
leaf lamina
has related match
plant cell length
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
palisade_cell_length
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011522

Palisade cell width

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011523
preferred label
Palisade cell width
alternative label
leaf_palisade_cell_width
description
A plant cell morphology trait [TO:0002683] which is the width [PATO:0000921] of individual palisade mesophyll cells [PO:0006206].
Width of individual leaf palisade cells.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
plant cell morphology trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
width
keyword
cell
palisade mesophyll cell
leaf lamina
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
palisade_cell_width
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011523

Number of layers of palisade cells

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011524
preferred label
Number of layers of palisade cells
alternative label
leaf_palisade_layer_number
description
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait [TO:0000843] which is the count [NCIT:C25463] of cell layers [UBERON:0000119] of palisade mesophyll cells [PO:0006206].
The number of layers of palisade cells in a leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
has number of
count
keyword
cell
palisade mesophyll cell
palisade mesophyll
leaf lamina
tissue
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
palisade_layer_number
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011524

Spongy mesophyll cell thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011525
preferred label
Spongy mesophyll cell thickness
alternative label
leaf_spongy_mesophyll_thickness
description
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait [TO:0000843] which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of spongy mesophyll [PO:0005647] tissue [CARO:0000043] within the leaf lamina [PO:0020039].
Thickness of spongy mesophyll tissue in a leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
thickness
keyword
tissue
spongy mesophyll
leaf lamina
examples
exact match: Leaf mesophyll spongiophyll thickness [TRY:805] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
spongy_mesophyll_thickness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011525

Cell cross-sectional area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011526
preferred label
Cell cross-sectional area
alternative label
cell_cross-sectional_area
description
A plant cell size [TO:0002684] trait which is the cross-sectional [NCIT:C63795] area [PATO:0001323] of a cell [CL:0000000].
Cell cross-sectional area.
comments
This trait can be used to map the area of cell types that are not already explicitly listed as their own trait. The cell type and tissue/organ being measured needs to be specified under measurement_remarks or as a method_context.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um2
square micrometre
minAllowedValue
100
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
plant cell morphology trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
area
2-D extent
size
keyword
cell
plant cell size
cross section
examples
close match: Leaf epidermis cell area [TRY:338] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Leaf mesophyll cell area [TRY:573] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011526

Stomatal density on the lower leaf surface

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011610
preferred label
Stomatal density on the lower leaf surface
alternative label
leaf_stomatal_density_abaxial
description
A leaf stomatal complex frequency trait [TO:0000566] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the count [NCIT:C25463] of stomata [PO:0008032] on the abaxial [PATO:0002046] (lower) leaf lamina [PO:0020039] to the leaf lamina area [PATO:0001323].
Density of stomata on the lower leaf surface.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/mm2
reciprocal square millimetre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
leaf stomatal complex morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
has number of
count density
ratio; proportion
count
per unit area
keyword
leaf stomatal complex frequency
stomata; stomatal pore
abaxial
leaf lamina
has exact match
abaxial stomatal frequency
has close match
Stomatal density
examples
exact match: Stomata density abaxial [TOP371] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Stomata density [TRY:63] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
stomatal_density_abaxial
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011610

Stomatal density on the upper leaf surface

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011611
preferred label
Stomatal density on the upper leaf surface
alternative label
leaf_stomatal_density_adaxial
description
A leaf stomatal complex frequency trait [TO:0000566] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the count [NCIT:C25463] of stomata [PO:0008032] on the adaxial [PATO:0002047] (upper) leaf lamina [PO:0020039] to the leaf lamina area [PATO:0001323].
Density of stomata on the upper leaf surface.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/mm2
reciprocal square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
leaf stomatal complex morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
has number of
count density
ratio; proportion
count
per unit area
keyword
leaf stomatal complex frequency
stomata; stomatal pore
adaxial
leaf lamina
has exact match
adaxial stomatal frequency
has close match
Stomatal density
examples
exact match: Stomata density adaxial [TOP372] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Stomata density [TRY:63] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
stomatal_density_adaxial
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011611

Stomatal density averaged across both leaf surfaces

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011612
preferred label
Stomatal density averaged across both leaf surfaces
alternative label
leaf_stomatal_density_average
description
A leaf stomatal complex frequency trait [TO:0000566] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the count [NCIT:C25463] of stomata [PO:0008032] to leaf lamina [PO:0020039] area [PATO:0001323], averaged the across the abaxial [PATO:0002046] and adaxial [PATO:0002047] sides of the leaf lamina.
Density of stomata averaged across both leaf surfaces.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/mm2
reciprocal square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
leaf stomatal complex morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
has number of
count density
ratio; proportion
count
per unit area
keyword
leaf stomatal complex frequency
stomata; stomatal pore
abaxial
adaxial
leaf lamina
has exact match
Stomatal density
examples
exact match: Stomata density trait [TOP370] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Stomata density [TRY:63] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
stomatal_density_average
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011612

Stomatal distribution

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011613
preferred label
Stomatal distribution
alternative label
leaf_stomatal_distribution
description
A leaf stomatal complex frequency trait [TO:0000566] which indicates whether stomata [PO:0008032] occur on the abaxial [PATO:0002046] and/or adaxial [PATO:0002047] leaf lamina [PO:0020039].
Distribution of stomatal across the two leaf surfaces.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_stomatal_distribution_amphistomatic Leaves with stomata on both leaf surfaces.
leaf_stomatal_distribution_amphistomatic_uneven Leaves with stomata on both leaf surfaces but more stomata on the lower leaf surface.
leaf_stomatal_distribution_epistomatic Leaves that only have stomata on the upper (adaxial) leaf surface.
leaf_stomatal_distribution_hypostomatic Leaves that only have stomata on the lower (abaxial) leaf surface.
has broader
leaf stomatal complex morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
leaf stomatal complex frequency
stomata; stomatal pore
abaxial
adaxial
leaf lamina
examples
exact match: Stomata distribution to ab- and adaxial leaf surfaces [TRY:781] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
stomatal_distribution
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011613

Stomatal hairiness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011614
preferred label
Stomatal hairiness
alternative label
leaf_stomatal_hairs
description
A leaf stomatal complex frequency trait [TO:0000566] which is the pilosity [PATO:0000066] (hairiness) of the stomatal pores [PO:0008032].
Variable indicating if stomata are covered by hairs and, if hairy, the density of hairs present.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_stomatal_hairs_stomata_covered_with_dense_hairs Stomata densely covered by hairs.
leaf_stomatal_hairs_stomata_not_covered_by_hairs Stomata not hair-covered.
has broader
leaf stomatal complex morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
texture
pilosity
keyword
leaf stomatal complex frequency
stomata; stomatal pore
hairy
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
stomatal_hairs
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011614

Guard cell length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011615
preferred label
Guard cell length
alternative label
leaf_guard_cell_length
description
A leaf stomatal complex frequency trait [TO:0000566] which indicates the length [PATO:0000122] of a guard cell [PO:0000293].
Length of guard cells.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
leaf stomatal complex morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
length
keyword
cell
leaf stomatal complex frequency
guard cell
stomata; stomatal pore
has related match
plant cell length
examples
exact match: Stomata guard cell size [TRY:733] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
guard_cell_length
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011615

Leaf visible light transmission

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011710
preferred label
Leaf visible light transmission
alternative label
leaf_transmission
description
A leaf [PO:0025034] optical [NCIT:C16940] properties trait which is the proportion [PATO:0001470] of incoming visible light [NCIT:C17732] that is transmitted [SWEET:procWave/Transmission] through a leaf.
Proportion of incoming visible light (between 400-700 nm) that is transmitted through a leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol/umol
micromole per micromole
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
leaf optical properties trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
electromagnetic property
radiation
keyword
optics
visible light
transmission
photosynthetically active radiation
examples
exact match: Leaf light transmittance [TRY:535] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011710

Leaf visible light absorption

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011711
preferred label
Leaf visible light absorption
alternative label
leaf_absorption
description
A leaf [PO:0025034] optical [NCIT:C16940] properties trait which is the proportion [PATO:0001470] of incoming visible light [NCIT:C17732] that is absorbed [SWEET:procWave/Absorption] by a leaf.
Proportion of incoming visible light (between 400-700 nm) that is absorbed by a leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol/umol
micromole per micromole
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
leaf optical properties trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
electromagnetic property
radiation
keyword
optics
visible light
absorption
photosynthetically active radiation
examples
exact match: Leaf light absorption (extinction) [TRY:10] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011711

Leaf visible light reflection

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011712
preferred label
Leaf visible light reflection
alternative label
leaf_reflectance
description
A leaf [PO:0025034] optical [NCIT:C16940] properties trait which is the proportion [PATO:0001470] of incoming visible light [NCIT:C17732] that is reflected [SWEET:procWave/Reflection] by a leaf.
Proportion of incoming visible light (between 400-700 nm) that is reflected by a leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol/umol
micromole per micromole
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
leaf optical properties trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
electromagnetic property
radiation
keyword
optics
visible light
reflection
photosynthetically active radiation
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011712

Leaf infra-red light reflection

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011713
preferred label
Leaf infra-red light reflection
alternative label
leaf_reflectance_near_infrared
description
A leaf [PO:0025034] optical [NCIT:C16940] properties trait which is the proportion [PATO:0001470] of incoming infrared radiation [ENVO:21001214] that is reflected [SWEET:procWave/Reflection] by a leaf.
Proportion of incoming near infra-red light (between 750-10500 nm) that is reflected by a leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol/umol
micromole per micromole
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
leaf optical properties trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
electromagnetic property
radiation
keyword
infrared radiation
optics
reflection
radiation
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011713

Stem cross-sectional area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011811
preferred label
Stem cross-sectional area
alternative label
stem_cross_sectional_area
description
A stem morphology trait [TO:0000361] which is the cross-sectional [NCIT:C63795] area [PATO:0001323] of a stem [PO:0009047] segment which includes the bark [PO:0004518].
Cross-sectional area of a stem, including both wood and bark.
comments
This is not a trait itself, since it is dependent on the location sampled. However, values might be reported that are effectively contexts for another trait, such as bark thickness or Huber value.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2
square millimetre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
area
size
keyword
cross section
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
stem_cross_section_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011811

Wood cross-sectional area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011812
preferred label
Wood cross-sectional area
alternative label
sapwood_cross_sectional_area
description
A stem morphology trait [TO:0000361] which is the cross-sectional [NCIT:C63795] area [PATO:0001323] of a stem [PO:0009047] segment from which the bark [PO:0004518] has been removed; this includes both sapwood [PO:0004513] and, if present heartwood [PO:0004512].
Cross-sectional area of a stem without bark.
comments
This is not a trait itself, since it is dependent on the location sampled. However, values might be reported that are effectively contexts for another trait, such as bark thickness or Huber value. Although it is defined as the diameter of the entire stem without bark, it is generally measured on narrow branches that have not yet developed heartwood and therefore is the cross-section of sapwood.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2
square millimetre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
area
size
keyword
sapwood
cross section
wood, secondary xylem
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
stem_cross_sectional_area_no_bark
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011812

Terminal twig cross-sectional area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011813
preferred label
Terminal twig cross-sectional area
alternative label
branch_terminal_twig_cross_sectional_area
description
A stem morphology trait [TO:0000361] which is the cross-sectional [NCIT:C63795] area [PATO:0001323] of the most distal [PATO:0001234] branch [PO:0025073].
Cross-sectional area of the terminal twig, measured just beyond the final branching node.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2
square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.05
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
area
size
keyword
branch
cross section
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
twig_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011813

Terminal twig length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011814
preferred label
Terminal twig length
alternative label
branch_terminal_twig_length
description
A stem morphology trait [TO:0000361] which is the length [PATO:0000122] of the most distal [PATO:0001234] branch [PO:0025073].
Length of the terminal twig, the length of stem beyond the final branching node.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
length
keyword
branch
examples
exact match: Twig length [TRY:1202] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
twig_length
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011814

Wood density

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011815
preferred label
Wood density
alternative label
wood_density
description
A stem morphology trait [TO:0000361] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of a unit of wood [NCIT:C93062] from a stem [PO:0009047] assessed after drying to its volume [PATO:0000918] assessed without drying.
The ratio of wood dry mass to wood fresh volume, measured on a stem segment without bark.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mm3
milligram per cubic millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.05
maxAllowedValue
1.4
has broader
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
mass
volume density
ratio; proportion
mass density, density
keyword
wood
wood, secondary xylem
biomass allocation
has exact match
secondary xylem volumetric density, wood volumetric density
Wood density
examples
exact match: Wood density [TOP284] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Stem specific density (SSD, stem dry mass per stem fresh volume) or wood density [TRY:4] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Stem specific density (SSD) [GIFT:4.3] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: stem wood density [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Stem specific density [BROT:11] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011815

Herbaceous stem density

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011816
preferred label
Herbaceous stem density
alternative label
stem_density
description
A stem morphology trait [TO:0000361] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of a unit of herbaceous [PATO:0002352] stem [PO:0009047] assessed after drying to its volume [PATO:0000918] assessed without drying.
The ratio of stem dry mass to stem fresh volume, measured on an herbaceous stem segment.
comments
This trait is specifically for non-woody or partially woody stems that otherwise are outliers for wood density
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mm3
milligram per cubic millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1.4
has broader
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
mass
volume density
ratio; proportion
mass density, density
keyword
herbaceous
biomass allocation
examples
exact match: Stem specific density (SSD, stem dry mass per stem fresh volume) or wood density [TRY:4] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Stem specific density (SSD) [GIFT:4.3] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: stem wood density [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Stem specific density [BROT:11] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011816

Stem hairiness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011817
preferred label
Stem hairiness
alternative label
stem_hairs
description
A stem morphology trait [TO:0000361] which is the presence or absence of trichomes [PO:0006504] (hairs) on a stem [PO:0009047].
Variable describing whether plant stems have hairs (trichomes).
comments
As stems often lose hairs as they age, the context field should indicate the stem age.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
stem_hairs_glabrous Adult plant stems do not have hairs (trichomes).
stem_hairs_hairy Adult plant stems have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
texture
pilosity
keyword
trichome
has exact match
stem hairiness
examples
close match: Stem emergences (pubescence, hairs, spines, thorns) [TRY:1256] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011817

Xylem to leaf area ratio (XLA)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011910
preferred label
Xylem to leaf area ratio (XLA)
alternative label
xylem_to_leaf_area_ratio
description
A leaf morphology trait [TO:0000748] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of xylem vessel [PO:0025417] area [PATO:0001323] in a petiole [PO:0020038] to the attached leaf lamina [PO:0020039] area.
For a single leaf, the ratio of xyem cross-sectional area at the base of the petiole to the leaf lamina area.
comments
This trait is similar to Huber value, but at the level of a single leaf, not the entire branch.
value type
continuous variable
unit
cm2{xylem}/mm2{leaf}
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
area
size
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
keyword
biomass allocation
xylem
water transport
leaf lamina
references
Blackman 2023
date created
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011910

Huber value

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011911
preferred label
Huber value
alternative label
huber_value
description
A stem morphology trait [TO:0000361] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of sapwood [PO:0004513] area [PATO:0001323] to the total distal [PATO:0001234] leaf [PO:0025034] area.
For a single branch, the ratio of sapwood cross-sectional area at the base of the branch to the branch’s total leaf area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2{sapwood}/mm2{leaf}
square millimetre per square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.000001
maxAllowedValue
0.2
has broader
stem morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
leaf
stem
measured characteristic
area
size
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
keyword
sapwood
biomass allocation
examples
exact match: Stem, branch or twig sapwood cross-sectional area per supported leaf area (Huber value) [TRY:171] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Tyree & Ewers 1991
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011911

Leaf dry mass to stem dry mass ratio

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011912
preferred label
Leaf dry mass to stem dry mass ratio
alternative label
leaf_mass_to_stem_mass_ratio
description
A plant dry mass trait [TO:0000352] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of a plant’s total leaf [PO:0025034] dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] to its total stem [PO:0009047] and branch [PO:0025073] dry mass.
The ratio of whole plant leaf dry mass to whole plant stem dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
leaf mass trait
stem mass trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
leaf
stem
whole plant
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
biomass allocation
whole plant stem dry mass
whole plant leaf dry mass
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
leaf_mass_to_stem_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011912

Stem dry mass to vegetative shoot dry mass ratio (support fraction)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011913
preferred label
Stem dry mass to vegetative shoot dry mass ratio (support fraction)
alternative label
stem_mass_to_shoot_mass_ratio
description
A plant dry mass trait [TO:0000352] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of stem [PO:0009047] and branch [PO:0025073] dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] to vegetative shoot system [PO:0025607] dry mass.
The ratio of whole plant stem dry mass to whole plant vegetative shoot dry mass. That is, the proportion of aboveground vegetative biomass that is comprised of stems and branches, rather than leaves; support fraction.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
leaf mass trait
stem mass trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
leaf
stem
whole plant
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
branch
vegetative shoot system
biomass allocation
whole plant stem dry mass
whole plant leaf dry mass
examples
close match: Plant biomass and allometry: Supportive structure (stem, twig, leaf petiole, leaf sheeth) dry mass p [TRY:3059] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
support_fraction
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011913

Side branch dry mass to whole plant dry mass ratio

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011914
preferred label
Side branch dry mass to whole plant dry mass ratio
alternative label
branch_mass_fraction
description
A plant dry mass trait [TO:0000352] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of side branch [PO:0025073] dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] to whole plant [PO:0000003] dry mass.
The ratio of side branch dry mass to whole plant dry mass. That is, the proportion of total plant biomass that is comprised of all branches off the main shoot axis.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mg
milligram per milligram
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
stem mass trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
whole plant
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
branch
biomass allocation
whole plant dry mass
examples
exact match: Plant biomass and allometry: Branch dry mass per plant dry mass [TRY:137] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011914

Stem dry matter content (SDMC)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011915
preferred label
Stem dry matter content (SDMC)
alternative label
stem_dry_matter_content
description
A stem mass trait [TO:0000952] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of stem [PO:0009047] (or branch [PO:0025073]) dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] to stem (or branch) fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of stem (or branch) dry mass to stem (or branch) fresh mass; SDMC.
comments
A related trait is stem_water_content_per_saturated_mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
100
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
stem mass trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
branch
fresh mass
water
examples
exact match: Stem dry mass per stem fresh mass (stem dry matter content, StDMC) [TRY:1181] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011915

Stem water content per unit saturated stem mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011916
preferred label
Stem water content per unit saturated stem mass
alternative label
stem_water_content_per_saturated_mass
description
A stem mass trait [TO:0000952] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] in a stem [PO:0009047] to stem fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044] in a stem that is at maximum [NCIT:C25564] water holding capacity [IOBC:200906064703668091], known as full turgor [PATO:0001620].
The ratio of the mass of water in a stem (stem water content) to total stem mass, measured in a saturated stem. A saturated stem is one that has been hydrated to its maximal water holding capacity and is at full turgor.
comments
A related trait is stem_dry_matter_content.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
stem mass trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
water
water holding capacity
turgor
fresh mass
has related match
stem moisture content
examples
close match: Wood (sapwood) water content [TRY:1097] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011916

Stem mass fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011917
preferred label
Stem mass fraction
alternative label
stem_mass_fraction
description
A plant dry mass trait [TO:0000352] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of whole plant [PO:0000003] stem [PO:0009047] dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] to whole plant dry mass [APD:glossary/40080].
The ratio of stem dry mass to whole plant dry mass. That is, the proportion of total plant biomass that is comprised of stems and branches.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
stem mass trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
whole plant
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
biomass allocation
whole plant stem dry mass
whole plant dry mass
examples
exact match: Plant biomass and allometry: Stem dry mass per plant dry mass [TRY:136] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: stem dry mass [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011917

Stem saturated water content per unit stem dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0011918
preferred label
Stem saturated water content per unit stem dry mass
alternative label
stem_saturated_water_content_per_dry_mass
description
A stem mass trait [TO:0000952] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] in a saturated stem [PO:0009047] to stem dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125], where a saturated stem is one at maximum [NCIT:C25564] water holding capacity [IOBC:200906064703668091].
The ratio of the mass of water in a saturated stem to stem dry mass.
comments
Similar traits include stem_dry_matter_content, the ratio of a stem dry mass to stem fresh mass and stem_water_content_per_saturated_mass the ratio of the mass of water in a stem to saturated stem mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
20
has broader
stem mass trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
whole plant
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
biomass allocation
whole plant stem dry mass
whole plant dry mass
references
no linked references
date created
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0011918

Bark morphology, Eucalyptus

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012010
preferred label
Bark morphology, Eucalyptus
alternative label
bark_morphology_eucalyptus
description
A bark morphology trait which is the texture [PATO:0000150] of the bark [PO:0004518] of Eucalyptus taxa.
Broad categories that describe the texture of Eucalyptus bark.
comments
This trait just records the morphology of taxa in the genera Eucalyptus, Corymbia, and Angophora.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_box Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Box’ type bark.
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_gum Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Gum’ type bark.
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_stocking Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Gum’ type bark above a rough barked stocking.
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_ironbark Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Ironbark’ type bark.
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_peppermint Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Peppermint’ type bark.
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_stringybark Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Stringy’ type bark.
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_ribbonbark Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Gum’ type bark that sheds in ribbons.
has broader
bark morphology trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
structure
texture
scope note
taxa in the genera Eucalyptus, Corymbia, and Angophora
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012010

Bark thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012011
preferred label
Bark thickness
alternative label
bark_thickness
description
A bark morphology trait which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of the bark [PO:0004518]. The corresponding stem [PO:0009047] diameter [PATO:0001334] should also be recorded so that a scaled measure, the bark thickness to stem diameter ratio, can also be calculated.
Thickness of the bark on the stem.
comments
The corresponding stem diameter should also be recorded so that a scaled measure, the bark thickness to stem diameter ratio, can also be calculated.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
bark morphology trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
thickness
has exact match
Bark thickness
examples
exact match: Bark thickness [TOP283] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Bark thickness [TRY:24] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Bark thickness (inner bark) [TRY:3355] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Bark thickness (outer bark) [TRY:3356] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Average bark thickness [BROT:9] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012011

Scaled bark thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012012
preferred label
Scaled bark thickness
alternative label
bark_thickness_index
description
A bark morphology trait which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of two times bark [PO:0004518] thickness [PATO:0000915] to the stem [PO:0009047] diameter [PATO:0001334].
The ratio of two times a single bark thickness measure to stem diameter, to adjust for increasing bark thickness with increasing stem diameter.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm/mm
millimetre per millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
bark morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
bark
stem
measured characteristic
thickness
index
keyword
biomass allocation
examples
close match: Bark thickness [TOP283] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Bark thickness [TRY:24] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Bark thickness (inner bark) [TRY:3355] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Bark thickness (outer bark) [TRY:3356] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Lawes 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012012

Bark density

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012013
preferred label
Bark density
alternative label
bark_density
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of bark [PO:0004518] dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] to the corresponding fresh [EnvThes:21976] bark volume [PATO:0000918].
The ratio of bark dry mass to bark fresh volume.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mm3
milligram per cubic millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1.1
has broader
bark morphology trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
volume density
ratio; proportion
mass density, density
keyword
biomass allocation
examples
exact match: Bark density [TOP282] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Bark density (bark dry mass per bark volume) [TRY:248] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012013

Bark dry mass per unit bark surface area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012014
preferred label
Bark dry mass per unit bark surface area
alternative label
bark_dry_mass_per_surface_area
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of bark [PO:0004518] dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] to the corresponding bark surface area [EnvThes:21564].
The ratio of bark dry mass to bark surface area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/cm2
gram per square centimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
bark morphology trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
area density
per unit area
ratio; proportion
mass density, density
keyword
biomass allocation
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
bark_mass_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012014

Bark water content per unit bark dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012015
preferred label
Bark water content per unit bark dry mass
alternative label
bark_water_content_per_dry_mass
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] in bark [PO:0004518] (bark water content [APD:glossary/40014]) to bark dry [PATO:0001824] mass.
The ratio of the mass of water in bark (bark water content) to bark dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
bark morphology trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
water
bark water content
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012015

Bark water content per unit saturated bark mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012016
preferred label
Bark water content per unit saturated bark mass
alternative label
bark_water_content_per_saturated_mass
description
A bark mass trait [TO:0000952] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] in bark [PO:0004518] to the fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044] of bark that is at maximum [NCIT:C25564] water holding capacity [IOBC:200906064703668091], known as full turgor [PATO:0001620].
The ratio of the mass of water in bark (bark water content) to total bark mass, measured in saturated bark. Saturated bark is bark that has been hydrated to its maximal water holding capacity and is at full turgor.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
bark morphology trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
water
water holding capacity
turgor
fresh mass
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012016

Root diameter

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012111
preferred label
Root diameter
alternative label
root_diameter
description
A root morphology trait [TO:0000043] which is the maximum [NCIT:C25564] root [PO:0009005] diameter [PATO:0001334] of a plant.
Maximum root diameter.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
root morphology trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
diameter
size
keyword
root morphology trait
has exact match
root width
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012111

Root system morphology

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012112
preferred label
Root system morphology
alternative label
root_system_classification
description
A root system morphology trait [TO:0000985] which are categorical [STATO:0000252] trait values that capture the branchiness [PATO:0002009] and texture [PATO:0000150] of the root system [PO:0025025] and the root system depth [TO:0001058].
Categorical root system descriptions that indicate the branchiness and texture of the root system and the depth of the root system.
comments
The trait values listed are those specified in the root system classification scheme proposed by Cannon in 1949.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
root_system_classification_type_i The primary root is fibrous or fleshy and is relatively long; mesophytic.
root_system_classification_type_ii The primary root is relatively short and is fibrous. Roots are well branched in a dry habitat but branch little in one that is wet.
root_system_classification_type_iii The primary root is usually long and fibrous. The first order lateral roots are well branched and are usually short; they are rather evenly distributed along the primary root; xerophytic.
root_system_classification_type_iv The primary root is usually long and slender like that of Type II. The first order lateral roots are well branched. Those closest to the surface of the ground, or not far below, are relatively long; xerophytic and mesophytic.
root_system_classification_type_v The primary root is divided-forked or branched-and fibrous, and with few first order lateral roots, or, in age, apparently with none; xerophytic.
root_system_classification_type_vi The primary root is usually as in Type V. The first order lateral roots are mostly on the upper portion of the primary root and are thus relatively superficial; xerophytic or in well aerated sandy soil where the rainfall is not light.
root_system_classification_type_vii Adventitious roots that are in one group and arise on a short horizontal, or vertical, axis of the shoot. They are fibrous or fleshly; mesophytic and hydrophytic.
root_system_classification_type_viii Adventitious roots that are in one group and are fibrous and fleshy, or fibrous and thick. The fibrous adventitious roots are absorbing-anchoring roots and are usually with laterals to the second order; meophytic.
root_system_classification_type_ix Adventitious roots that arise on the aerial stem and branches of some herbaceous taxa, shrubs, and trees; on creepers, vines, and runners; and on subterranean rhizomes and stolons.
has broader
root morphology trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
volume
3-D extent
size
texture
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
root system
root system depth
root branchiness
root texture
references
Cannon 1949
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
root_morphology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012112

Fine root volume to coarse root volume ratio

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012113
preferred label
Fine root volume to coarse root volume ratio
alternative label
root_fine_root_coarse_root_ratio
description
A root system morphology trait [TO:0000985] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the volume [PATO:0000918] of fine roots [EnvThes:20581] (those <0.5mm in diameter) to the volume of coarse roots [APD:glossary/40026] (those >0.5 mm in diameter).
The ratio of the volume of fine roots (<0.5mm diameter) to the volume of coarse roots (>0.5mm diameter).
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm3/mm3
cubic millimetre per cubic millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.05
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
root morphology trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
volume
ratio; proportion
keyword
fine root
root branchiness
coarse root
examples
close match: Fine root dry mass fraction that is taproot (taproot dry mass per fine root dry mass) [TRY:2011] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012113

Root biomass depth distribution coefficient

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012114
preferred label
Root biomass depth distribution coefficient
alternative label
root_distribution_coefficient
description
A root system morphology trait [TO:0000985] which is a model parameter [STATO:0000034] indicating the distribution [PATO:0000060] of a plant’s roots [PO:0009005] with depth [PATO:0001595]. To calculate the model parameter, the required input is a plot of the cumulative root distribution from the surface, where [Y] is the cumulative fraction of roots from the surface to a depth [d]. An asymptotic nonlinear model is used to describe the vertical root distribution: Y = 1 - b^d where Y is the cumulative root fraction from the surface to soil depth d in centimeters and b the estimated parameter.
Root biomass depth distribution coefficient (‘B’ from Gale & Grigal 1987), where high values indicate that root biomass is allocated deeper in the soil. To calculate the model parameter, the required input is a plot of the cumulative root distribution from the surface, where [Y] is the cumulative fraction of roots from the surface to a depth [d]. An asymptotic nonlinear model is used to describe the vertical root distribution: Y = 1 - b^d where Y is the cumulative root fraction from the surface to soil depth d in centimeters and b the estimated parameter.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0.5
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
root morphology trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
mass
model parameter
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
root branchiness
root system depth
root system
examples
close match: Root evenness of dry mass vertical distribution [TRY:3033] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Gale and Grigal 1987
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012114

Root system type (presence of taproot)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012115
preferred label
Root system type (presence of taproot)
alternative label
root_system_type
description
A root system morphology trait [TO:0000985] which indicates if the root system [PO:0025025] is one where the primary root [PO:0020127] remains the dominant root, developing into a taproot, a long [PATO:0000573], thick [PATO:0000591] root with few branches, or whether the lateral roots [PO:0020121] are of similar length to the primary root.
Variable describing whether a plant has a tap root.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
root_system_type_tap_root_absent Tap root not present.
root_system_type_tap_root_present Tap root present.
root_system_type_tap_root_sometimes_present Tap root sometimes present.
has broader
root morphology trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
structure
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
root system
primary root
lateral root
root branchiness
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
tap_root; root_tap_root_status
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012115

Specific root length (SRL)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012116
preferred label
Specific root length (SRL)
alternative label
root_specific_root_length
description
A root morphology trait [TO:0000043] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of root [PO:0009005] length [PATO:0000122] to root dry mass [TO:0000078].
The ratio of root length to root dry mass; SRL.
value type
continuous variable
unit
m/g
metre per gram
minAllowedValue
0.5
maxAllowedValue
5000
has broader
root morphology trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
length
ratio; proportion
mass
keyword
biomass allocation
root system
primary root
lateral root
examples
exact match: Specific root length trait [TOP935] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Root length per root dry mass (specific root length, SRL) [TRY:1080] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
specific_root_length
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012116

Specific tap root length (STRL)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012117
preferred label
Specific tap root length (STRL)
alternative label
root_specific_taproot_length
description
A root morphology trait [TO:0000043] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of primary root [PO:0020127] length [PATO:0000122] to primary root dry mass [TO:0000078]
The ratio of taproot length (primary root length) to taproot dry mass; STRL.
comments
This trait is usually measured during the very early stage of growth, capturing how efficiently seedlings reach reliable water.
value type
continuous variable
unit
m/g
metre per gram
minAllowedValue
0.5
maxAllowedValue
5000
has broader
root morphology trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
length
ratio; proportion
mass
keyword
biomass allocation
root system
primary root
examples
close match: Coarse root length per coarse root dry mass (specific coarse root length, SRL) [TRY:1550] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
specific_taproot_length
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012117

Root surface area per unit root dry mass (specific root area)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012118
preferred label
Root surface area per unit root dry mass (specific root area)
alternative label
root_specific_root_area
description
A root morphology trait [TO:0000043] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of root [PO:0009005] surface area [EnvThes:21564] to root dry mass [TO:0000078].
The ratio of root surface area to root dry mass; specific root area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2/mg
square millimetre per milligram
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
root morphology trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
area
size
ratio; proportion
area density
mass density, density
keyword
biomass allocation
root system
examples
exact match: Root surface area per root dry mass (specific root area) [TRY:1089] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
specific_root_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012118

Root wood density

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012119
preferred label
Root wood density
alternative label
root_wood_density
description
A root morphology trait [TO:0000043] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the dry mass [PATO:0000125] of a unit of wood [PO:0005848] from a root [PO:0009005]to its fresh fresh [EnvThes:21976] volume [PATO:0000918].
The ratio of woody root dry mass to woody root fresh volume.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mm3
milligram per cubic millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.05
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
root morphology trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
mass
volume density
ratio; proportion
mass density, density
keyword
biomass allocation
root system
wood, secondary xylem
examples
exact match: Root tissue density (root dry mass per root volume) [TRY:82] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012119

Root to shoot ratio

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012120
preferred label
Root to shoot ratio
alternative label
root_shoot_ratio
description
A whole plant morphology trait [TO:0000398] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of a plant’s root dry mass [TO:0000078] to its shoot dry mass [TO:0000552].
The ratio of total root system dry mass to total shoot system dry mass.
comments
This trait is usually measured on experimentally grown seedlings where it is possible to collect the entire root system.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg{root}/mg{shoot}
milligram per milligram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
15
has broader
root morphology trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
root
whole plant
stem
measured characteristic
mass
ratio; proportion
mass fraction
mass density, density
keyword
biomass allocation
root system
has exact match
root to shoot ratio
examples
exact match: Root/shoot ratio [TRY:9] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Shoot:root ratio [BROT:22] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012120

Root dry matter content (RDMC)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012121
preferred label
Root dry matter content (RDMC)
alternative label
root_dry_matter_content
description
A root mass trait [TO:0000279] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of root dry mass [TO:0000078] to root [PO:0009005] fresh mass [APD:glossary/40044].
The ratio of root dry mass to root fresh mass; root dry matter content, RDMC.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/g
milligram per gram
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
root morphology trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
biomass allocation
root system
fresh mass
examples
exact match: Root dry mass per root fresh mass (root dry matter content, RDMC) [TRY:785] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012121

Root mass fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012122
preferred label
Root mass fraction
alternative label
root_mass_fraction
description
A root mass trait [TO:0000279] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the total root dry mass [TO:0000078] to whole plant [PO:0000003] dry mass [APD:glossary/40080].
The ratio of total root system dry mass to whole plant dry mass.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mg
milligram per milligram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
root morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
root
whole plant
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
biomass allocation
whole plant dry mass
root system
examples
exact match: Plant biomass and allometry: Root mass fraction (fraction of root dry mass per whole plant dry mass) [TRY:470] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: root dry mass [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012122

Root vascular anatomy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012123
preferred label
Root vascular anatomy
alternative label
root_vascular_anatomy
description
A root system morphology trait [TO:0000985] which is the arrangement [NCIT:C61532] or type [NCIT:C25284] of the root [PO:0020127] vascular system [PO:0003011].
The arrangement or type of the root vascular system.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
root_vascular_anatomy_cord_roots A root anatomy found within three genera of Mirbelieae (Daviesia, Euchilopsis, Phyllota) wherein networks of interlinking vascular strands exist (Crisp 2003; Pate and Dixon 1996).
root_vascular_anatomy_unistelar_roots The commonly observed root anatomy, wherein there is a single vascular strand which displays secondary thickening.
has broader
root morphology trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
volume
3-D extent
size
texture
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
root system
root vascular cambium
references
Cannon 1949
date created
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012123

Storage organ length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012151
preferred label
Storage organ length
alternative label
storage_organ_length
description
A plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000839] which is the length [PATO:0000122] of a plant’s storage organ [EFO:0000997], where a storage organ is a plant part (organ [PO:0009008], tissue [PO:0009007], or other plant structure [PO:0009011]) whose function [NCIT:C25518] is carbohydrate [CHEBI:16646] (energy [PATO:0001021]) storage.
The length of an underground plant structure (tissues, organs, or other structures) where a plant stores excess carbohydrates (energy).
comments
This can be the length of any of the structures documented in the trait storage_organ and should be documented as an entity context.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
stem morphology trait
root morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
root
stem
measured characteristic
length
size
keyword
storage organ
energy
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012151

Storage organ diameter

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012152
preferred label
Storage organ diameter
alternative label
storage_organ_diameter
description
A plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000839] which is the diameter [PATO:0001334] of a plant’s storage organ [EFO:0000997], where a storage organ is a plant part (organ [PO:0009008], tissue [PO:0009007], or other plant structure [PO:0009011]) whose function [NCIT:C25518] is carbohydrate [CHEBI:16646] (energy [PATO:0001021]) storage.
The width of an underground plant structure (tissues, organs, or other structures) where a plant stores excess carbohydrates (energy).
comments
This can be the length of any of the structures documented in the trait storage_organ and should be documented as an entity context.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
stem morphology trait
root morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
root
stem
measured characteristic
diameter
size
keyword
storage organ
energy
has close match
tuberous root tuber diameter
examples
exact match: Belowground plant organ diameter [TRY:2550] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012152

Seed accessory cost fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012221
preferred label
Seed accessory cost fraction
alternative label
accessory_cost_fraction
description
A reproductive shoot system [PO:0025082] biomass allocation [EnvThes:21360] trait which is one minus the ratio [PATO:0001470] of total plant seed [PO:0009010] dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] to total plant reproductive shoot system tissue dry mass where reproductive tissues include all flower buds [PO:0000056], flowers [PO:0009046], fruits [PO:0009001], dispersal [EnvThes:21038] tissues, and seeds produced during the developmental process involved in reproduction [GO:0003006].
The fraction of total reproductive investment required to mature a seed that is invested in non-seed tissues. It is calculated as one minus, the ratio of total biomass investment in seeds to total biomass investment in all reproductive tissues, including flower buds, flowers, fruits, dispersal tissues, aborted seeds, and successfully matured seeds.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mg
milligram per milligram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
reproductive shoot system morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
fruit
seed
measured characteristic
mass
keyword
biomass allocation
reproduction
accessory cost
examples
close match: Plant biomass and allometry: Reproductive dry mass per plant dry mass (reproductive weight fraction) [TRY:1046] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Lord & Westoby 2006
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012221

Seed accessory cost mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012222
preferred label
Seed accessory cost mass
alternative label
accessory_cost_mass
description
A reproductive shoot system [PO:0025082] biomass allocation [EnvThes:21360] trait which is the sum of the dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] of all flower buds [PO:0000055], flowers [PO:0009046], fruits [PO:0009001], aborted seeds, and dispersal [EnvThes:21038] tissues produced during the developmental process involved in reproduction [GO:0003006], but excludes mature [PATO:0001701] seed [PO:0009010] dry mass.
The mass of seed accessory costs, which is the total biomass investment in all reproductive tissues, excluding biomass invested in successfully matured seeds; it includes all biomass invested in flower buds, flowers, fruits, dispersal tissues and aborted seeds.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg
milligram
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
reproductive shoot system morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
fruit
seed
measured characteristic
mass
keyword
biomass allocation
reproduction
accessory cost
references
Lord & Westoby 2006
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012222

Bud length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012301
preferred label
Bud length
alternative label
bud_length
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the length [PATO:0000122] of the bud [PO:0000055] from the base of the receptable [PO:0009064] or the base of an inferior ovary [PO:0009072] to the tip of the bud.
Linear dimension from the base to the apex of a bud, even if this is not the longest dimension.
value type
continuous variable
unit
cm
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
floral organ morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
bud
measured characteristic
length
size
has exact match
reproduction
corolla
perianth
references
no linked references
date created
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012301

Bud width

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012302
preferred label
Bud width
alternative label
bud_width
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the width [PATO:0000921] of the bud [PO:0000055] from the base of the receptable [PO:0009064] or the base of an inferior ovary [PO:0009072] to the tip of the bud. Width is the greatest linear dimension [PATO:0001708] perpendicular to [PATO:0002434] to the bud length [PATO:0000122]
Greatest linear width dimension of a bud, sometimes referred to as ‘diameter’ in buds where the width and height are identical; orthogonal to the bud length, the base-to-apex dimension.
value type
continuous variable
unit
cm
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
floral organ morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
bud
measured characteristic
width
size
has exact match
reproduction
corolla
perianth
references
no linked references
date created
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012302

Buds per inflorescence

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012351
preferred label
Buds per inflorescence
alternative label
buds_per_inflorescence
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the count [NCIT:C25463] of buds [PO:0000055] in an inflorescence [PO:0009049], where an inflorescence can be either a single cluster of flowers or the entire reproductive shoot system [PO:0025082].
The count of buds in an inflorescence, where an inflorescence can be either a single cluster of flowers or the entire reproductive shoot system.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/{count}
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
floral organ morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
bud
inflorescence
measured characteristic
has number of
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
count
tolerance
sensitivity
has exact match
reproduction
reproductive shoot system
inflorescence
references
no linked references
date created
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012351

Inflorescence length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012352
preferred label
Inflorescence length
alternative label
inflorescence_length
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the vertical [PATO:0001854] length [PATO:0000122] (height [PATO:0000119]) of the inflorescence [PO:0009049], where an inflorescence can be either a single cluster of flowers [PO:0009046] or the entire reproductive shoot system [PO:0025082].
The vertical length (height) of an inflorescence.
value type
continuous variable
unit
cm
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1500
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
bud
inflorescence
measured characteristic
length
size
keyword
floral organ morphology trait
flower
reproductive shoot system
inflorescence morphology trait
has exact match
inflorescence length
examples
exact match: Inflorescence length (height) [TRY:2817] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012352

Inflorescence diameter

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012353
preferred label
Inflorescence diameter
alternative label
inflorescence_diameter
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the diameter [PATO:0001334] of the inflorescence [PO:0009049], where an inflorescence can be either a single cluster of flowers [PO:0009046] or the entire reproductive shoot system [PO:0025082].
The diameter (of greatest width dimension) of an inflorescence.
value type
continuous variable
unit
cm
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1500
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
bud
inflorescence
measured characteristic
diameter
size
keyword
floral organ morphology trait
flower
reproductive shoot system
inflorescence morphology trait
has exact match
inflorescence diameter
examples
exact match: Inflorescence diameter [TRY:3587] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012353

Number of androecium parts in each whorl (Androecium structural merism)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012410
preferred label
Number of androecium parts in each whorl (Androecium structural merism)
alternative label
flower_androecium_structural_merism
description
An androecium morphology trait [TO:0000994] which is the total count [NCIT:C25463] of stamens [PO:0009029], staminodes [PO:0009077] or stamen bundles (fascicles [NCIT:C79692]) in each floral whorl [PO:0025023].
The number of stamens or stamen bundles (fascicles) in one whorl, considering both fertile stamens and staminodes.
comments
This character is not applicable for spiral or irregular stamen arrangements, nor when there is a single structural stamen (i.e., one stamen, no staminodes; e.g., Chloranthus, Chloranthaceae). Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘332. Androecium structural merism (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
has number of
count
keyword
reproduction
androecium
stamen
staminode
fascicle
merism
whorl, floral whorl
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012410

Androecium structural phyllotaxis

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012411
preferred label
Androecium structural phyllotaxis
alternative label
flower_androecium_structural_phyllotaxis
description
An androecium morphology trait [TO:0000994] which is the spatial pattern or distribution [PATO:0000060] (phyllotaxy [TO:0006014]) of stamen [PO:0009029], staminodes [PO:0009077] or stamen bundles (fascicles [NCIT:C79692]) in each floral whorl [PO:0025023].
Structural phyllotaxy of the androecium, considering both fertile stamens and staminodes. In cases of stamen fascicles, it is the phyllotaxis of fascicles, not individual stamens that are recorded.
comments
This character is not applicable when there is a single structural stamen (i.e., one stamen, no staminodes; e.g., Chloranthus, Chloranthaceae). Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘330. Androecium structural phyllotaxy (D1)’
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_androecium_structural_phyllotaxis_whorled Stamens and staminodes arranged in whorls.
flower_androecium_structural_phyllotaxis_spiral Stamens and staminodes have a spiral arrangement.
flower_androecium_structural_phyllotaxis_irregular Stamens and staminodes have an irregular arrangement.
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
reproduction
androecium
phyllotaxy
stamen
staminode
fascicle
whorl, floral whorl
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012411

Number of androecium structural whorls

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012412
preferred label
Number of androecium structural whorls
alternative label
flower_androecium_structural_whorls_count
description
An androecium morphology trait [TO:0000994] which is the total count [NCIT:C25463] of whorls [PO:0025023] comprising the androecium [PO:0009061], considering both stamen [PO:0009029] and staminodes [PO:0009077]. If stamens are grouped into fascicles [NCIT:C79692], the trait is the count of whorls of fascicles.
The number of whorls, considering both fertile stamens and staminodes. In cases of stamen fascicles, the count of whorls of fascicles is recorded.
comments
This character is not applicable for spiral or irregular stamen arrangements, or when there is a single structural stamen (i.e., one stamen, no staminodes; e.g., Chloranthus, Chloranthaceae). Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘331. Number of androecium structural whorls (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
has number of
count
keyword
reproduction
androecium
stamen
staminode
fascicle
merism
whorl, floral whorl
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012412

Anther attachment

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012413
preferred label
Anther attachment
alternative label
flower_anther_attachment
description
An androecium morphology trait [TO:0000994] which indicates how the filament [PO:0009067] is attached to [PATO:0001667] the tissue [CARO:0000043] connecting the two thecae [PO:0009069] (pollen [PO:0025281] sacs) of the anthers [PO:0009066], affecting the spatial pattern [PATO:0000060] of the stamens [PO:0009029].
Anther attachment refers to the area of insertion of the filament on the anther connective (i.e. the tissue connecting the two thecae of an anther).
comments
Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘312. Anther attachment (D1)’
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_anther_attachment_basifixed Filament attached to the base of the connective. Laminar stamens are classified as basifixed.
flower_anther_attachment_dorsifixed Filament attached to the dorsal side of the anther.
flower_anther_attachment_dorsifixed_at_base Filament attached to the dorsal side of the anther, at the base.
flower_anther_attachment_ventrifixed Filament attached to the ventral side of the anther.
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
reproduction
androecium
stamen
anther
pollen
connective
anther theca
filament
has related match
anther attachment quality
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012413

Connective extension (apical)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012414
preferred label
Connective extension (apical)
alternative label
flower_anther_connective_extension
description
An androecium morphology trait [TO:0000994] which is whether anthers [PO:0009066] have protrusions [NCIT:C50710] that extend above the two theca [PO:0009069] (pollen [PO:0025281] sacs), and, if present, the shape [PATO:0000052] and the relative length [PATO:0000122] of the protrusion relative to the length of the entire anther.
Apical (distal) connective extensions (also called ‘distal connective protrusions’) are sterile anther structures that distally extend beyond the level of the thecae (i.e., the two lateral pairs of pollen sacs of a tetrasporangiate anther).
comments
This trait records both absence or presence of anther connective extensions and also the shape of these extensions in terms of length in relation to the length of the thecae. Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘314. Connective extension (apical) (D1)’
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_anther_connective_extension_absent Apical connective extensions are lacking.
flower_anther_connective_extension_short_extension Connective extension less than a third of the length of anther.
flower_anther_connective_extension_long_extension Connective extension more than a third but less than length of anther; e.g. Idiospermum australiense.
flower_anther_connective_extension_very_long_extension Connective extension more than length of anther; e.g. Galbulimima belgraveana.
flower_anther_connective_extension_present_general Apical connective extensions are present but no information on their length relative to the anthers.
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
structure
shape
length
keyword
reproduction
androecium
stamen
anther
pollen
connective
anther theca
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012414

Anther dehiscence

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012415
preferred label
Anther dehiscence
alternative label
flower_anther_dehiscence
description
An androecium morphology trait [TO:0000994] which is the length [PATO:0000122] and shape [PATO:0000052] of the stomia [PO:0020101] that form the anther dehiscence zone [PO:0005011]; stomia are the usually slit-like [PATO:0002482] openings in the anther [PO:0009066] through which pollen [PO:0025281] is released.
Anther dehiscence refers to the type of opening of the anther when releasing its pollen through the stomia.
comments
Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘313. Anther dehiscence (D1)’
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_anther_dehiscence_longitudinal_slit Anther with longitudinal slits that extend along the entire length of each theca.
flower_anther_dehiscence_poricidal Anther where dehiscence of longitudinal slits is incomplete, with pollen exiting via a small pore at the tip.
flower_anther_dehiscence_pores_many Anther with pollen exiting from many pores along its length.
flower_anther_dehiscence_h_valvate Anther with two valves on longitudinal hinges, opening horizontally as salon doors; when the stomium bifurcates at its distal and/or proximal end and thus a valve is formed.
flower_anther_dehiscence_flap_valvate Anther with one or more flap-like valves on horizontal hinges, opening vertically.
flower_anther_dehiscence_transverse_slit Anther with horizontal slit.
flower_anther_dehiscence_short_basal_slits Anther where dehiscence of longitudinal slits is incomplete and only occurs over a short extent at the base of the theca.
flower_anther_dehiscence_short_central_slits Anther where dehiscence of longitudinal slits is incomplete and only occurs over a short extent at the center of the theca.
flower_anther_dehiscence_short_apical_slits Anther where dehiscence of longitudinal slits is incomplete and only occurs over a short extent at the apical end of the theca.
flower_anther_dehiscence_t_valvate Anther with T-shaped stomium; reduced transverse slit at base.
flower_anther_dehiscence_common_stomium_confluent_thecae The two thecae of a single anther are fused at one end with a single pore through which pollen exits.
flower_anther_dehiscence_circular Anther with a transverse slit that goes entirely around the anther.
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
structure
shape
length
keyword
reproduction
androecium
stamen
anther
pollen
stomium
anther dehiscence zone
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012415

Anther orientation

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012416
preferred label
Anther orientation
alternative label
flower_anther_orientation
description
An androecium morphology trait [TO:0000994] which is the position [PATO:0000140] and orientation [PATO:0000133] of the stomia [PO:0020101] that form the anther dehiscence zone [PO:0005011]; stomia are the slit-like [PATO:0002482] openings in the anther [PO:0009066] through which pollen [PO:0025281] is released.
Orientation of anther at anthesis.
comments
Anthers of angiosperms are rather uniform in their basic structure. They normally have four microsporangia (pollen sacs) that are arranged pair-wise in two thecae. The two microsporangia of a theca usually release their pollen grains through a common opening (stomium). Often, it is difficult to establish anther orientation clearly in a flower as this is a gradual feature with many intermediate stages. Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘311. Anther orientation (D1)’
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_anther_orientation_apical When thecae are positioned in a transverse position at the tip of the connective and thus dehisce upward in the flower (e.g., Sinofranchetia, Endress and Hufford, 1989).
flower_anther_orientation_extrorse When the stomia of the thecae face the floral periphery.
flower_anther_orientation_introrse When the stomia of the thecae face the floral centre.
flower_anther_orientation_latrorse When pollen is released toward the side (i.e., toward neighbouring anthers).
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
spatial pattern, distribution
orientation
position
keyword
reproduction
androecium
stamen
anther
pollen
stomium
anther dehiscence zone
has close match
anther orientation
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012416

Flower colour

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012417
preferred label
Flower colour
alternative label
flower_colour
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the dominant (primary [NCIT:C25251]) colour [PATO:0000014] of the flower [PO:0009046. The petals [PO:0009032] (corolla [PO:0009059]), sepals [PO:0009031] (calyx [PO:0009060]), or the entire perianth [PO:0009058] may be responsible for the main colour observed.
The dominant flower colour, where the entire flower, the petals, or the sepals may be responsible for the observed colour.
comments
Most data mapped to flower_colour has probably been scored based on perianth colour, but if a dataset does not differentiate between the two traits it is mapped to flower_colour.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_colour_blue_purple Flower colour is blue or purple.
flower_colour_green Flower colour is green.
flower_colour_pink Flower colour is pink.
flower_colour_red_brown Flower colour is red or brown.
flower_colour_white_cream Flower colour is white or cream.
flower_colour_yellow_orange Flower colour is yellow or orange.
flower_colour_grey Flower colour is grey.
flower_colour_black Flower colour is black.
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
colour / color
keyword
reproduction
petal
corolla
sepal
calyx
perianth
has exact match
flower color
has close match
corolla color
examples
exact match: Flower color [TOP242] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Flower color [TRY:207] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Flower_colour [GIFT:3.21.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: flower color [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012417

Perianth colour

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012418
preferred label
Perianth colour
alternative label
perianth_colour
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the dominant (primary [NCIT:C25251]) colour [PATO:0000014] of the perianth [PO:0009058] parts (sepals [PO:0009031], petals [PO:0009032], and tepals [PO:0009033]).
The dominant colour of the perianth parts (sepals, petals and tepals).
comments
This trait refers explicitly to the colour of the petals, sepals and tepals, while the trait ‘flower colour’ refers to the colour of the entire flower. See also data under flower_colour. Most data mapped to flower_colour has probably been scored based on perianth colour, but if a dataset does not differentiate between the two traits it is mapped to flower_colour.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
perianth_colour_white Perianth colour is white.
perianth_colour_yellow Perianth colour is yellow.
perianth_colour_orange Perianth colour is orange.
perianth_colour_red Perianth colour is red.
perianth_colour_pink Perianth colour is pink.
perianth_colour_purple Perianth colour is purple.
perianth_colour_blue Perianth colour is blue.
perianth_colour_green Perianth colour is green.
perianth_colour_grey Perianth colour is grey.
perianth_colour_brown Perianth colour is brown.
perianth_colour_black Perianth colour is black.
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
colour / color
keyword
reproduction
petal
corolla
sepal
calyx
perianth
has close match
corolla color
examples
exact match: Flower color [TOP242] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Flower color [TRY:207] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Flower_colour [GIFT:3.21.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: flower color [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
no linked references
date created
2023-05-19”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012418

Flower length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012419
preferred label
Flower length
alternative label
flower_length
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the length [PATO:0000122] of the flower [PO:0009046] from the base of the receptable [PO:0009064] or the base of an inferior ovary [PO:0009072] to the tip of the flower, measured at anthesis [PO:0009068]. It excludes the length of the pedicel [PO:0030112].
The length of the flower.
value type
continuous variable
unit
cm
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
length
keyword
reproduction
petal
corolla
sepal
calyx
perianth
has exact match
flower length
references
no linked references
date created
2023-05-19”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012419

Flower diameter

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012420
preferred label
Flower diameter
alternative label
flower_diameter
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the maximum diameter [PATO:0001334] of the flower [PO:0009046] at anthesis [PO:0009068], considering all floral organs, but most commonly the diameter from petal [PO:0009032] tip to petal tip.
The maximum diameter of the flower at anthesis, considering all floral organs, but most commonly the diameter from petal tip to petal tip.
value type
continuous variable
unit
cm
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
diameter
keyword
reproduction
petal
corolla
sepal
calyx
perianth
has exact match
flower diameter
references
no linked references
date created
2023-05-19”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012420

Floral orientation

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012421
preferred label
Floral orientation
alternative label
flower_orientation
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the position [PATO:0000140] and orientation [PATO:0000133] of the flower [PO:0009046].
The position and orientation of the flower.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_orientation_up Flower orientation is vertical, with the floral entrance pointing up.
flower_orientation_lateral Flower orientation is horizontal, with the floral entrance perpendicular to main vertical axis.
flower_orientation_down Flower orientation is pendant, with the floral entrance pointing down.
flower_orientation_mixed Flower orientation is mixed, with different flowers exhibiting different orientations.
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
spatial pattern, distribution
orientation
position
keyword
reproduction
petal
corolla
sepal
calyx
perianth
references
no linked references
date created
2023-05-19”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012421

Maximum flower number

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012422
preferred label
Maximum flower number
alternative label
flower_count_maximum
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the maximum [NCIT:C25564] count [NCIT:C25463] of flowers [PO:0009046] on an individual [EFO:0000542].
Maximum flower number produced.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1000000
has broader
floral organ morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
has number of
count
maximum
keyword
reproduction
perianth
corolla
examples
exact match: Flower number per plant [TRY:2999] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012422

Number of fertile stamens

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012431
preferred label
Number of fertile stamens
alternative label
flower_fertile_stamens_count
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the count [NCIT:C25463] of fertile [PATO:0000955] stamens [PO:0009029] on a hermaphrodite [PATO:0001340] flower [PO:0009046] or male [PATO:0000384] flower.
Count of fertile stamens in bisexual or male flowers; does not score female flowers.
comments
Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘301. Number of fertile stamens (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
has number of
count
keyword
reproduction
androecium
stamen
scope note
male or hermaphroditic flowers
has exact match
stamen number
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012431

Filament presence and shape

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012432
preferred label
Filament presence and shape
alternative label
flower_filament
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is whether a filament [PO:0009067] is present [PATO:0000467] or absent [PATO:0000462], and if present, the shape [PATO:0000052] and the relative length [PATO:0000122], width [PATO:0000921], and thickness [PATO:0000915] of the filament.
Trait that considers the absence or presence of the filament, and in the latter case, the shape of the filament. Shape is considered in terms of length and width and is defined in relation to anther length/width.
comments
The width of the filament may thus either be broad as in laminar (e.g., Eupomatiaceae) or bulky stamens (e.g., Chloranthaceae), or narrow (filamentous) as found in many core eudicots groups (e.g., Rosaceae). This trait is considered inapplicable when filaments are entirely fused with each other or to the perianth. Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘305. Filament (D1)’
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_filament_absent No filaments present
flower_filament_present_general Filaments present, with no specific defining characteristics.
flower_filament_long_and_narrow Filaments have a long and narrow shape. (Synonyms, filiform, slender)
flower_filament_short_and_narrow Filaments have a short and narrow shape; subsessile anthers.
flower_filament_long_and_wide Filaments have a long and wide laminar shape.
flower_filament_short_and_wide Filaments have a short and wide laminar shape.
flower_filament_long_and_very_wide Filaments have a long and very wide shape; for instance, the petal-like (outer) stamens of Nymphaea.
flower_filament_petaloid Filaments are long and wide and colorful, e.g. Canna.
flower_filament_fused_into_synandrium Filament structure formed when stamens fused together.
flower_filament_fused_into_fascicle_stalks Special case where the stamens are fused into the stalk of a fascicle of flowers.
flower_filament_long_and_narrow_divided_in_two Filaments have a long and narrow shape that is divided in two; e.g. Adoxa.
flower_filament_short_general Filament is short relative to the anther.
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
shape
structure
keyword
reproduction
androecium
stamen
filament
anther
scope note
inapplicable when filaments are entirely fused with each other or to the perianth
has close match
filament 2-D shape
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012432

Fusion of filaments

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012433
preferred label
Fusion of filaments
alternative label
flower_filament_fusion
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the proportion [PATO:0001470] of the length [PATO:0000122] of the stamen [PO:0009029] (or staminode [PO:0009077]) filaments [PO:0009067] that is fused [NCIT:C124537] together at anthesis [PO:0009068].
Fusion of stamen (and staminode) filaments among each other at anthesis (congenitally or postgenitally) is recorded on a continuous scale, from 0 (free filaments) to 1 (filaments fused along their entire length).
comments
Partial fusion is recorded using an approximate number between these two extremes (e.g., 0.1 corresponds to basal fusion, 0.5 to fusion along half of the length of filaments). Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘306. Fusion of filaments (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
keyword
reproduction
androecium
stamen
filament
connective
staminode
has related match
filament attached to
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012433

Fusion of filaments to inner perianth series

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012434
preferred label
Fusion of filaments to inner perianth series
alternative label
flower_filament_fusion_to_inner_perianth
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the proportion [PATO:0001470] of the length [PATO:0000122] of the stamen [PO:0009029] (or staminode [PO:0009077]) filaments [PO:0009067] that are fused [NCIT:C124537] to the innermost perianth [PO:0009058] organ [PO:0009008] at anthesis [PO:0009068].
The fusion of filaments with the innermost perianth organs at anthesis on a continuous scale, from 0 (filaments completely free from perianth) to 1 (filaments fused along their entire length with the perianth; the ‘entire length’ of the filament is defined as the distance between the floral base and the joint between filament and anther).
comments
Partial fusion is recorded using an approximate number between these two extremes (e.g., 0.1 corresponds to basal fusion, 0.5 to fusion along half of the length of perianth parts). If two (or more) stamen whorls (including staminodial whorls) differ in their extent of filament fusion with the perianth, this trait is recorded as a range of values. For example, if the filaments of an outermost stamen whorl are fused, up to 90% of their length, but an inner whorl only up to 50%, the trait is assigned a range of 0.5 to 0.9. The rationale for this is to provide a general trait that allows comparison of fusion among all angiosperms. Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘308. Fusion of filaments to inner perianth series (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
keyword
reproduction
androecium
stamen
filament
connective
staminode
perianth
has related match
filament attached to
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012434

Gynoecium phyllotaxis

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012441
preferred label
Gynoecium phyllotaxis
alternative label
flower_gynoecium_phyllotaxis
description
A gynoecium [PO:0009062] morphology trait which is either the count [NCIT:C25463] of whorls [PO:0025023] of carpels [PO:0009030] comprising the gynoecium or other descriptors of carpel phyllotaxy [TO:0006014].
Structural phyllotaxy of the gynoecium.
comments
This trait is not applicable to unicarpellate flowers. Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘400. Gynoecium phyllotaxy (D1)’
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_gynoecium_phyllotaxis_one_whorl Flowers with a single whorl of carpels.
flower_gynoecium_phyllotaxis_two_or_more_whorls Flowers with two or more whorls of carpels.
flower_gynoecium_phyllotaxis_spiral Flowers with carpels in a spiral arrangement.
has broader
gynoecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
spatial pattern, distribution
orientation
structure
has number of
count
keyword
reproduction
gynoecium
carpel
whorl, floral whorl
phyllotaxy
scope note
Not applicable to unicarpellate flowers
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012441

Placentation

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012442
preferred label
Placentation
alternative label
flower_gynoecium_placentation
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the position [PATO:0000140] of the ovules [PO:0020003] within the ovary [PO:0009072], known as placentation [APD:glossary/40074].
The different types of placentation in apocarpous/unicarpellate and in syncarpous gynoecia.
comments
In apocarpous and unicarpellate gynoecia, placentation is often described as marginal as the ovules are usually attached along the ventral slit (i.e., the zone where the carpel margins become postgenitally closed during carpel development). In syncarpous gynoecia there are three main types of placentation, 1) axile placentation refers to ovaries where the ovules are placed in the angle between carpel flanks in the center of the ovary; 2) in ovaries with parietal placentation the ovules attach to the ovary wall where two carpels meet; 3) in ovaries with free-central placentation the ovules are attached to a central column that emerges from the base of the ovary and protrudes into the non-septate ovary. It is not unusual that syncarpous gynoecia show a transition from proximally axile to a distally parietal placentation (e.g., Polemoniaceae). Basal and apical placentation may occur both in apocarpous/unicarpellate and in syncarpous gynoecia. Usually there is one longitudinal series of ovules attached to each carpel margin. However, both in apocarpous/unicarpellate and in syncarpous gynoecia there may be more than one series of ovules at the flanks of a carpel. These latter cases are referred to as laminar (or laminar-diffuse) placentation (e.g., in some Nymphaeaceae). A placenta that is protruding from its surroundings and has more than two series of ovules (either axile or parietal) is called protruding-diffuse. Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘412. Placentation (D1)’
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_gynoecium_placentation_axile Ovules are placed in the angle between carpel flanks in the center of the ovary; in syncarpous gynoecia.
flower_gynoecium_placentation_apical Ovules attach at the top of the ovary; pendulous; in syncarpous gynoecia and apocarpous and unicarpellate gynoecia.
flower_gynoecium_placentation_basal Ovules attach at the base of the ovary; in syncarpous gynoecia and apocarpous and unicarpellate gynoecia.
flower_gynoecium_placentation_parietal Ovules attach to the ovary wall where two carpels meet; in syncarpous gynoecia.
flower_gynoecium_placentation_marginal Ovules attach along the ventral slit; in apocarpous and unicarpellate gynoecia.
flower_gynoecium_placentation_free_central Ovules are attached to a central column that emerges from the base of the ovary and protrudes into the non-septate ovary; in syncarpous gynoecia.
flower_gynoecium_placentation_laminar When there is more than one series of ovules at the flanks of a carpel; in syncarpous gynoecia and apocarpous and unicarpellate gynoecia.
has broader
gynoecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
structure
spatial pattern, distribution
position
keyword
reproduction
gynoecium
carpel
plant ovary
placentation
plant ovule
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012442

Fusion of ovaries

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012443
preferred label
Fusion of ovaries
alternative label
flower_ovary_fusion
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which, for flowers with multiple carpels, is the proportion [PATO:0001470] of the length [PATO:0000122] of the ovaries [PO:0009072] that are fused [NCIT:C124537] together.
Degree of ovary fusion expressed as a fraction of the total length of the ovary (from the floral base to the apex of the ovary).
comments
Fusion of styles and stigmas is not taken into account for this trait. Not applicable when there is a single carpel. Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘403. Fusion of ovaries (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
gynoecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
structure
keyword
reproduction
gynoecium
carpel
plant ovary
scope note
Not applicable when there is a single carpel.
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012443

Ovary position

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012444
preferred label
Ovary position
alternative label
flower_ovary_position
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the position [PATO:0000140] of the plant ovary [PO:0009072] relative to the other flower [PO:0009046] organs [PO:0009008], in particular whether the ovary is attached above or below the perianth [PO:0009058] organs (the petals [PO:0009032] and sepals [PO:0009031]).
The position of the flower ovary relative to the insertion level of the remaining floral organs.
comments
The ovary is the part of the gynoecium where the ovules are produced. The ovary may be located on the receptacle and thus be positioned above the insertion level of the remaining floral organs (i.e., the ovary is superior and the flower is hypogynous). Alternatively, the ovary may be embedded in the receptacle and therefore be located below the insertion level of the remaining floral organs (i.e., the ovary is inferior and the flower is epigynous). Flowers with a hypanthium may either have a superior ovary (perigyny; e.g., many Rosaceae) or an inferior ovary (epiperigyny). It is also possible that the ovary is inferior to a certain degree only, such as half-inferior, if the receptacle is surrounding the ovary to its mid-level. Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘102. Ovary position (D1)’
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_ovary_position_inferior Flower with inferior ovary, where the ovary is embedded in the receptacle and therefore located below the insertion level of the remaining floral organs.
flower_ovary_position_superior Flower with superior ovary, where the ovary is positioned above the insertion level of the remaining floral organs.
flower_ovary_position_half_inferior Flower where the receptacle is surrounded by the ovary to its mid-level.
flower_ovary_position_one_quarter_inferior Flower where the receptacle surrounds up to one quarter of the ovary.
flower_ovary_position_three_quarters_inferior Flower where the receptacle surrounds more than three quarters of the ovary.
has broader
gynoecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
spatial pattern, distribution
orientation
position
keyword
reproduction
gynoecium
carpel
plant ovary
perianth
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012444

Number of ovules per functional carpel

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012445
preferred label
Number of ovules per functional carpel
alternative label
flower_ovules_per_functional_carpel_count
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the count [NCIT:C25463] of ovules [PO:0020003] per fertile [PATO:0000955] carpel [PO:0009030].
Number of ovules per carpel recorded as a continuous character (with integer values of 1 and above).
comments
Reduced (sterile) carpels are not taken into account here. Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘411. Number of ovules per functional carpel (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
100000
has broader
gynoecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
has number of
count
keyword
reproduction
gynoecium
carpel
plant ovary
plant ovule
scope note
Only applicable to fertile carpels.
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012445

Perianth differentiation

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012461
preferred label
Perianth differentiation
alternative label
flower_perianth_differentiation
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which indicates whether petals [PO:0009032] and sepals [PO:0009031] are differentiated or identical and the various ways they can be identical or different.
The ways in which perianth organs may look different from each other in a given flower.
comments
Typically, outer perianth parts are sepaloid and protect the other floral organs during floral development, while inner organs are often petaloid and play a role in pollinator attraction (Endress, 1994). However, it is also possible that all parts are either sepaloid or petaloid but remain differentiated in shape, size, and/or texture. In case of spiral perianths, differentiation may be continuous (i.e., gradual), whereby two successively initiated organs are very similar or only slightly different, while the outermost and innermost organs at both ends of the spiral are very different from each other (e.g., Chimonanthus). In the special case of perianths consisting of a single whorl, they are scored as undifferentiated. This perianth differentiation trait may be seen as both functional (the parting vs. sharing of functions among perianth parts) and developmental (the expression of a genetic program for different forms of perianth parts vs. a single program for a single type of perianth part morphology). Within-whorl differentiation, whereby organs of the same whorl take different forms, is common in zygomorphic flowers (e.g., Balsaminaceae, Fabaceae, Orchidaceae) but is not taken into account with this trait. This trait is not applicable when the perianth is absent. Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘234. Perianth differentiation (D1)’
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_perianth_differentiation_undifferentiated Flower were all tepals are alike, including flowers with a single, undifferentiated whorl.
flower_perianth_differentiation_marked_differentiation_outer_sepaloid_inner_petaloid A typical flower with a distinct calyx and corolla.
flower_perianth_differentiation_marked_differentiation_among_petaloid_tepals A flower with tepals that all resemble petals, but with marked differentiation between whorls of tepals.
flower_perianth_differentiation_marked_differentiation_among_sepaloid_tepals A flower with tepals that all resemble sepals, but with marked differentiation between whorls of tepals.
flower_perianth_differentiation_marked_differentiation A flower with marked differentiation between whorls, but without an indication if the perianth whorls are petals, sepals, or tepals.
flower_perianth_differentiation_continuous_differentiation_outer_sepaloid_inner_petaloid A flower with multiple whorls, where there is continuous differentiation between the outer sepaloid parts and the inner petaloid parts.
flower_perianth_differentiation_continuous_differentiation_among_petaloid_tepals A flower with series of tepals that all resemble petals, which display continuous, gradual differentiation between whorls.
flower_perianth_differentiation_continuous_differentiation_among_sepaloid_tepals A flower with series of tepals that all resemble sepals, which display continuous, gradual differentiation between whorls.
flower_perianth_differentiation_weak_differentiation A flower with weak between whorls, but without an indication if the perianth whorls are petals, sepals, or tepals.
flower_perianth_differentiation_very_weak_differentiation A flower with very weak between whorls, but without an indication if the perianth whorls are petals, sepals, or tepals.
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
structure
shape
keyword
reproduction
perianth
sepal
petal
corolla
calyx
scope note
Not applicable when the perianth is absent
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012461

Fusion of perianth

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012462
preferred label
Fusion of perianth
alternative label
flower_perianth_fusion
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the proportion [PATO:0001470] of the length [PATO:0000122] of perianth [PO:0009058] parts (sepals [PO:0009031], petals [PO:0009032], and tepals [PO:0009033]) that are fused [NCIT:C124537] together at anthesis [PO:0009068].
Fusion of perianth organs (congenital or postgenital) at anthesis, recorded on a continuous scale, from 0 (free parts) to 1 (parts fused along their entire length).
comments
Partial fusion was recorded using an approximate number between these two extremes (e.g., 0.1 corresponds to basal fusion, 0.5 to fusion along half of the length of perianth parts). In case of multiple whorls, this trait records within-whorl fusion. For example, if organs within each whorl are fused along their entire length, a trait value of 1 is recorded. In cases where organs of two whorls are fused into a common tubular structure, such as frequently observed in monocots (e.g., Polygonatum), the perianth is considered to be fused. If the two (or more) whorls differed in their extent of fusion, a range of trait values may be recorded. For example, if the calyx is only basally fused, up to 10% of its length, but the corolla is entirely fused, a range of 0.1 to 1 is recorded as the trait value for the species. Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘204. Fusion of perianth (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
structure
keyword
reproduction
perianth
sepal
petal
corolla
calyx
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012462

Number of perianth parts in each whorl (Perianth merism)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012463
preferred label
Number of perianth parts in each whorl (Perianth merism)
alternative label
flower_perianth_merism
description
A perianth morphology trait [TO:0000275] which is the count [NCIT:C25463] of perianth [PO:0009058] parts (sepals [PO:0009031], petals [PO:0009032], and tepals [PO:0009033]) in each floral whorl [PO:0025023].
The number of perianth parts in each whorl, recorded as a continuous trait (with integer values of 1 and above).
comments
Not applicable when perianth phyllotaxis is spiral or irregular or when the perianth is absent. Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘232. Perianth merism (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
has number of
count
orientation
keyword
reproduction
perianth
sepal
petal
corolla
calyx
merism
whorl, floral whorl
scope note
Not applicable when perianth phyllotaxis is spiral or irregular or when the perianth is absent.
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012463

Number of perianth parts

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012464
preferred label
Number of perianth parts
alternative label
flower_perianth_parts_count
description
A perianth morphology trait [TO:0000275] which is the total count [NCIT:C25463] of perianth [PO:0009058] parts, including sepals [PO:0009031], petals [PO:0009032], and any form of tepal [PO:0009033].
The total number of perianth parts, including sepals, petals, or any form of tepal.
comments
A value of zero was scored when the perianth is absent. In flowers with perianth whorls fused along their complete length (e.g., Convolvulus), perianth parts are counted based on merism (e.g., if a calyx has 5 distinct sepals and the corolla is entirely fused, then the corolla is often interpreted to consist of five fused petals), anatomy (e.g., number of vascular traces), development (e.g., number of primordia), or comparison with closely related taxa. Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘201. Number of perianth parts (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
has number of
count
keyword
reproduction
perianth
sepal
petal
corolla
calyx
has exact match
tepal number
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012464

Perianth phyllotaxis

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012465
preferred label
Perianth phyllotaxis
alternative label
flower_perianth_phyllotaxis
description
A perianth morphology trait [TO:0000275] which is the phyllotaxy [TO:0006014] of the perianth [PO:0009058] parts (petals [PO:0009032], sepals [PO:0009031], and tepals [PO:0009033]), at anthesis [PO:0009068]
Perianth phyllotaxis at anthesis.
comments
Perianth parts may be organised in one or more whorls or along a continuous spiral, usually with wide divergence angles more or less equal to 137.5 degrees. Less frequently, perianth phyllotaxis may be irregular. Perianth phyllotaxis at anthesis may differ from phyllotaxis of perianth part primordia at their inception and it is not uncommon that spirally initiated perianths become whorled later through development. Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘230. Perianth phyllotaxy (D1)’, with more information of differentiating between trait values in this manuscript.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_perianth_phyllotaxis_irregular Perianth parts lacking any symmetrical organisation.
flower_perianth_phyllotaxis_spiral Perianth parts organised along a continuous spiral, usually with wide divergence angles more or less equal to 137.5 degrees, the Fibonacci ‘golden angle’.
flower_perianth_phyllotaxis_whorled Perianth parts organised in one or more whorls.
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
spatial pattern, distribution
orientation
keyword
reproduction
perianth
sepal
petal
corolla
calyx
whorl, floral whorl
phyllotaxy
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012465

Symmetry of perianth

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012466
preferred label
Symmetry of perianth
alternative label
flower_perianth_symmetry
description
A perianth morphology trait [TO:0000275] which is the symmetry [PATO:0000965] of the perianth [PO:0009058] (petals [PO:0009032], sepals [PO:0009031], and tepals [PO:0009033]), whereby a perianth is only considered actinomorphic [PATO:0001328] if all perianth whorls [PO:0025023] are actinomorphic.
Trait capturing the symmetry of the perianth.
comments
This trait is applied to the perianth as a whole. In case of flowers with two or more perianth whorls, species are considered actinomorphic if all whorls are actinomorphic and as zygomorphic if one or more whorls are zygomorphic. Trait is not applicable when the perianth is missing. Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘207. Symmetry of perianth (D1)’
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_perianth_symmetry_actinomorphic_general Perianth displaying radial symmetry.
flower_perianth_symmetry_actinomorphic_rotational Perianth that can be equally divided into three or more identical sections that, when rotated around the center of the flower by some number of degrees, exactly match each other in orientation and shape.
flower_perianth_symmetry_actinomorphic_strictly_polysymmetric Polysymmetry, with three or more planes of bilateral symmetry.
flower_perianth_symmetry_actinomorphic_spiral Perianth lacking a distinct plane of symmetry because their perianth parts are spirally arranged.
flower_perianth_symmetry_asymmetric Perianth lacking any planes of symmetry.
flower_perianth_symmetry_disymmetric Perianth with two orthogonal planes of bilateral symmetry.
flower_perianth_symmetry_zygomorphic Monosymmetric, with a single plane of bilateral symmetry.
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
spatial pattern, distribution
symmetry
orientation
keyword
reproduction
perianth
sepal
petal
corolla
calyx
whorl, floral whorl
scope note
Not applicable when the perianth is missing
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012466

Number of perianth whorls

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012467
preferred label
Number of perianth whorls
alternative label
flower_perianth_whorls_count
description
A perianth morphology trait [TO:0000275] which is the count [NCIT:C25463] of floral whorls [PO:0025023] that comprise the perianth [PO:0009058] (petals [PO:0009032], sepals [PO:0009031], and tepals [PO:0009033]).
The number of perianth whorls as a continuous trait (with integer values of 1 and above).
comments
Not applicable when perianth phyllotaxis is spiral or irregular or when the perianth is absent. Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘231. Number of perianth whorls (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
15
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
has number of
count
keyword
reproduction
perianth
sepal
petal
corolla
calyx
whorl, floral whorl
scope note
Not applicable when perianth phyllotaxis is spiral or irregular or when the perianth is absent.
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012467

Pollen grain aperture shape

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012471
preferred label
Pollen grain aperture shape
alternative label
flower_pollen_aperture_shape
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the shape [PATO:0000052], structure [PATO:0000141], and position [PATO:0000140] of the pollen grain [PO:0025281] apertures [GO:0062074].
Pollen grains are often described according to the shape, structure, and position of their apertures. This trait describes the main shape of the many described aperture types.
comments
Aperture terminology is partly determined by the position of the aperture on the pollen grain (either at the pole or at the equator) and pollen grain polarity, in turn, is determined by the spatial orientation of the microspore in the meiotic tetrad. Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘5002. Aperture shape (D1)’’
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_absent Pollen that lacks an aperture.
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_colporus Pollen aperture shape that combines the groove of colpate and the pore of porate apertures.
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_colpus Pollen aperture shape is elongate and grooved and may be positioned globally or equatorially.
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_pore Pollen aperture shape is round and pore-like and may be positioned globally or equatorially.
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_ring_like Aperture that completely encircles the pollen.
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_spiraperturate Pollen grain with one or more spiral apertures.
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_sulcus Pollen aperture shape is elongate and grooved and positioned at the pole.
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_syncolpus Pollen grain with two or more simple (or compound) colpi, the ends of which join at the pole.
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_ulcus Pollen aperture shape is round and pore-like and positioned at the pole.
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
shape
structure
position
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
reproduction
androecium
stamen
anther
pollen aperture
pollen
pollen tube
anther theca
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012471

Number of pollen grain apertures

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012472
preferred label
Number of pollen grain apertures
alternative label
flower_pollen_apertures_count
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the count [NCIT:C25463] of pollen apertures [GO:0062074] per pollen [PO:0025281] grain.
The number of apertures per pollen grain as a continuous character.
comments
A pollen aperture is a structurally delimited region of the pollen grain wall through which the pollen tube emerges during pollen germination and which plays a role in harmomegathy. A value of zero is scored when pollen is inaperturate (i.e. when there is no distinct aperture). Aperturate pollen is scored with integer values of 1 and above. Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘5000. Number of apertures (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
has number of
count
keyword
reproduction
androecium
stamen
anther
pollen aperture
pollen
pollen tube
anther theca
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012472

Pollen grain length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012473
preferred label
Pollen grain length
alternative label
flower_pollen_length
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the length [PATO:0000122] of a pollen [PO:0025281] grain.
The largest dimension of the pollen grain.
comments
Palynologists typically describe pollen dimensions (and shape) using two measures, the polar axis (P) and the total breadth or diameter of the equatorial axis. Here we use P or E or another measure, whichever is the longest.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
androecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
length
keyword
reproduction
pollen
references
no linked references
date created
2023-05-19”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012473

Number of structural carpels

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012481
preferred label
Number of structural carpels
alternative label
flower_structural_carpels_count
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the count [NCIT:C25463] of both fertile [PATO:0000955] and female sterile [PATO:0000892] carpels [PO:0009030] in a hermaphrodite [PATO:0001340] flower [PO:0009046] or female [PATO:0000383] flower.
Number of fertile or sterile carpels in bisexual or female flowers, recorded as a continuous character (with integer values of 1 and above).
comments
Includes the number of co-occurring carpellodes (sterile carpels) because this number is often more easily obtained from the literature than the actual number of fertile carpels. However, the number of carpellodes in male flowers is ignored for this character. In multicarpellate, unilocular gynoecia with complete carpel fusion up to the stigma (e.g., Primula), it may be difficult to assess the number of carpels unequivocally. In such cases, the number of carpels is scored only if it is well established based on atomical or developmental investigations. Similarly, in gynoecia where one or more carpels are reduced (e.g., in the pseudomonomerous gynoecia of some Arecaceae, Stauffer et al., 2002), the total number of structural carpels is only scored when unequivocally determined in the literature. Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘401. Number of structural carpels (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
gynoecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
has number of
count
keyword
reproduction
gynoecium
carpel
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012481

Floral structural sex

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012482
preferred label
Floral structural sex
alternative label
flower_structural_sex_type
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the phenotypic sex [PATO:0001894] of a flower [PO:0009046], indicating whether individual flowers have both male [PATO:0000384] and female [PATO:0000383] reproductive structures [UBERON:0005156] (bisexual) or only one type of reproductive organ (unisexual).
Trait that captures floral sex, distinguishing among three states, bisexual, incompletely unisexual, and unisexual.
comments
Defined by Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘100. Floral structural sex (D1)’. See the trait ‘sex_type’ for plant sex type.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_structural_sex_type_bisexual Hermaphrodite; flowers with both male and female reproductive organs.
flower_structural_sex_type_incompletely_unisexual Male flowers with pistillodes and/or female flowers with staminodes.
flower_structural_sex_type_unisexual Flowers with either male or female reproductive organs.
has broader
floral organ morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
structure
organismal quality
keyword
reproduction
phenotypic sex
perianth
corolla
hermaphrodite
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012482

Style differentiation

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012483
preferred label
Style differentiation
alternative label
flower_style_differentiation
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is whether a style [PO:0006469] is present [PATO:0000467] or absent [PATO:0000462], and if present, the shape [PATO:0000052] and the length [PATO:0000122], width [PATO:0000921], and thickness [PATO:0000915] of the style relative to the dimensions of the ovary [PO:0009072].
Presence or absence of a style, and, when present, the shape of the style in terms of length and width in relation to ovary length and width.
comments
This trait does not distinguish between fused or free styles. Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘404. Style differentiation (D1)’
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flower_style_differentiation_absent Stigma sessile.
flower_style_differentiation_present_length_and_shape_unknown Style present but shape unknown.
flower_style_differentiation_present_short_and_thick Style present, and short and thick.
flower_style_differentiation_present_short_and_narrow Style present, and short and narrow, including short filiform styles.
flower_style_differentiation_present_long_and_wide Style present, and long and wide.
flower_style_differentiation_present_long_and_narrow Style present, and long and narrow, including long filiform styles.
flower_style_differentiation_present_petaloid Style present and petaloid.
flower_style_differentiation_continuous When the style is an apical extension of carpel with decurrent stigma.
has broader
gynoecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
shape
amount (presence or absence in organism
2-D extent
structure
keyword
reproduction
gynoecium
style
plant ovary
carpel
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012483

Fusion of styles

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012484
preferred label
Fusion of styles
alternative label
flower_style_fusion
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the proportion [PATO:0001470] of the length [PATO:0000122] of styles [PO:0006469] that are fused [NCIT:C124537] together.
The degree of fusion of styles at anthesis, recorded on a continuous scale, from 0 (free styles) to 1 (styles fused along their entire length, but excluding the stigmatic region).
comments
Partial fusion is recorded using an approximate number between these two extremes (e.g., 0.1 corresponds to basal fusion, 0.5 to fusion along half of the total length of the styles). This character is not applicable in unicarpellate flowers. Definition derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character ‘406. Fusion of styles (C1)’
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
gynoecium morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
structure
keyword
reproduction
gynoecium
style
carpel
references
Schönenberger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-24”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Hervé Sauquet
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012484

Petal length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012485
preferred label
Petal length
alternative label
flower_petal_length
description
A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which is the length [PATO:0000122] of a petal [PO:0009032].
The length of an individual flower petal.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
perianth morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
length
size
keyword
reproduction
petal
corolla
perianth
petal morphology trait
scope note
applicable to flowering plants
has exact match
petal length
examples
exact match: Flower petal length [TRY:3576] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012485

Fruit dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012511
preferred label
Fruit dry mass
alternative label
fruit_dry_mass
description
A fruit morphology trait [TO:0002629] which is the dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] of a fruit [PO:0009001], including seeds [PO:0009010].
Fruit dry mass, including seeds. Fruits will generally be oven-dried.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg
milligram
minAllowedValue
0.0001
maxAllowedValue
1000000
has broader
fruit morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
mass
keyword
reproduction
has exact match
fruit dry weight
examples
exact match: Fruit dry mass [TOP112] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Fruit dry mass [TRY:919] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Fruit dry mass [BROT:25] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012511

Fruit length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012512
preferred label
Fruit length
alternative label
fruit_length
description
A fruit morphology trait [TO:0002629] which is the length [PATO:0000122] of a fresh [EnvThes:21976] fruit [PO:0009001] from the fruit proximal end [PO:0008002] (base) to the fruit distal end [PO:0008001] (apex).
Linear dimension from the base to the apex of a fresh fruit, even if this is not the longest dimension.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
fruit morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
length
size
keyword
reproduction
has exact match
fruit length
examples
exact match: Fruit length [TOP92] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Fruit length [TRY:918] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Fruit length [GIFT:3.13] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
close match: maximum fruit length [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
close match: minimum fruit length [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: AverageFruitLength_cm [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
exact match: MinFruitLength_cm [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
exact match: MaxFruitLength_cm [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012512

Fruit width

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012513
preferred label
Fruit width
alternative label
fruit_width
description
A fruit morphology trait [TO:0002629] which is the width [PATO:0000921] of a fresh [EnvThes:21976] fruit [PO:0009001], where width is the greatest linear dimension [PATO:0001708] perpendicular to [PATO:0002434] to the fruit length [PATO:0000122] and fruit height [PATO:0000119].
Greatest linear width dimension of a fresh fruit, sometimes referred to as ‘diameter’ in fruits where the width and height are identical; orthogonal to the fruit length, the base-to-apex dimension.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
fruit morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
width
size
keyword
reproduction
has exact match
fruit width
examples
exact match: Fruit width [TOP96] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Fruit width (diameter) [TRY:917] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Fruit width [GIFT:3.14] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: AverageFruitWidth_cm [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
exact match: MinFruitWidth_cm [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
exact match: MaxFruitWidth_cm [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012513

Fruit breadth

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012514
preferred label
Fruit breadth
alternative label
fruit_height
description
A fruit morphology trait [TO:0002629] which is the height [PATO:0000119] of a fresh [EnvThes:21976] fruit [PO:0009001], where height is the shorter linear width dimension [PATO:0001708] perpendicular to [PATO:0002434] both the fruit length [PATO:0000122] and fruit width [PATO:0000921].
Shorter linear width dimension of a fresh fruit and generally not reported in fruits where the width and height are identical; orthogonal to the length, the base-to-apex dimension.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
fruit morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
height
size
keyword
reproduction
examples
exact match: Fruit thickness [TOP100] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Fruit height [GIFT:3.15] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
change note
fruit_breadth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012514

Fruit wall thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012515
preferred label
Fruit wall thickness
alternative label
fruit_wall_thickness
description
A fruit morphology trait [TO:0002629] which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of the entire pericarp [PO:0009084] (the exocarp [PO:0009085], mesocarp [PO:0009087], and endocarp [PO:0009086] combined), although it often refers just to the fleshy [PATO:0002351] components of the pericarp (most frequently the exocarp and mesocarp).
Fruit wall thickness of a mature fresh fruit. This term sometimes applies explicitly to the entire pericarp (exocarp + mesocarp + endocarp), but more frequently will have a functional meaning, referring to the outer fleshy layer which might be just some components of the peripcarp (most frequently the exocarp and mesocarp).
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
fruit morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
thickness
keyword
reproduction
pericarp
exocarp
mesocarp
endocarp
references
Simpson 2019
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
change note
fruit_wall_width
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012515

Fruit type

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012516
preferred label
Fruit type
alternative label
fruit_type
description
A fruit morphology trait [TO:0002629] which is the botanical classification [NCIT:C25161] or type [NCIT:C25284] of a fruit [PO:0009001].
Botanical fruit type classification.
comments
Although this trait is explicitly for fruit types, it includes a single term strobilus to describe the ‘fruiting body’ of non-flowering plants.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
fruit_type_achene A simple, dry, indehiscent fruit with a single seed that is attached to the pericarp at one point only. (Synonyms, cypsela)
fruit_type_anthocarp A ripened ovary surrounded by attached accessory floral tissues; the floral tissues may be fleshy or dry. (Synonyms, accessory_fruit, pseudocarp, diclesium)
fruit_type_berry A simple, indehiscent fruit with one to many seeds embedded in a fleshy pericarp.
fruit_type_capsule A dry, dehiscent fruit composed of two or more united carpels; different types of capsules distinguished by type of dehiscence (e.g. valves, slits, pores).
fruit_type_caryopsis A simple, dry, indehiscent fruit with a single seed which is fused to the pericarp at one point only; the fruit type of all Poaceae (Synonyms, grain)
fruit_type_compound_fruit_other A fruit derived from more than one flower. (Synonyms, aggregate_fruit)
fruit_type_drupe A simple indehiscent fruit with a hard, stony endocarp and a fleshy mesocarp.
fruit_type_follicle A dry, dehiscent fruit derived from a single carpel that splits along one suture.
fruit_type_legume A dry, dehiscent fruit derived from a single carpel that splits along two sutures; applies to Fabaceae. (Synonyms, pod)
fruit_type_legume_indehiscent A dry, indehiscent fruit derived from a single carpel; applies to Fabaceae.
fruit_type_mericarp A fruitlet (seed-containing portion of a fruit) that is a half-carpel; the individual fruitlets separate from one another at maturity; a specific type of schizocarp. (In some datasets, term likely refers to any fruitlet derived from a portion of a schizocarp that separates at maturity, not explicitly just a half-carpel.)
fruit_type_multiple_fruit A fruit composed of several fruitlets developing from a single flower (e.g. raspberries, magnolias); fruits developing from more than one flower are included under compound (aggregate) fruits. (Synonym, apocarp)
fruit_type_nut A simple, dry, indehiscent fruit with a single seed and a hard pericarp.
fruit_type_nutlet A diminutive of nut, referring to a simple, dry, indehiscent structure with a single seed that might be an entire fruit (nut; monocarp) or a portion of a fruit, such as the individual components derived from an apocarp (fruit with multiple unfused ovaries) or schizocarp (fruit with multiple ovaries that separate at maturity).
fruit_type_pepo A fleshy fruit derived from a single ovary that is divided into several carpels, has multiple seeds, and has a tough rind when mature.
fruit_type_pome A fleshy fruit with the bulk of the fleshy tissue derived from flora tissue that surrounds the inferior ovary.
fruit_type_pyrene A fleshy fruit in which the seed(s) are covered by a hard layer of endocarp.
fruit_type_samara A winged, dry fruit.
fruit_type_schizocarp Category that includes all fruits derived from a compound pistil that separate into individual carpellary constituents at maturity; broad terms that includes dry and fleshy fruits, some with accessory tissues, others without. The individual seed-containing units that a schizocarp breaks apart into include mericarps, nutlets, and fruitlets.
fruit_type_silique A type of capsule (dry, dehiscent fruit) where the fruit is divided into two parts by a thin partition; more than three times as long as wide; applies to Brassicaceae (Synonyms, silicle, siliqua)
fruit_type_strobilus A modified reproductive shoot system found in many nonflowering plants, especially gymnosperms, comprised of overlapping bracts (scales). (Synonyms, cone)
fruit_type_syncarp A compound fruit produced by the adhesion of the fruits from several flowers.
fruit_type_syconium A fleshy compound fruit, in which the fruitlets are enclosed in accessory material, such as the hollow-centered fruits of Moraceae. (Synonyms, synconium, fig)
fruit_type_utricle A bladdery or inflated dry fruit with a single seed; essential an achene in which the pericarp is significantly larger than the mature seed.
has broader
fruit morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
structure
composition
shape
keyword
reproduction
has exact match
fruit type
examples
exact match: Fruit type [TRY:99] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Fruit_type_1 [GIFT:3.16.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: fruit type [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Fruit type [BROT:26] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
Beentje 2010
Spjut 2003
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012516

Fruit fleshiness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012517
preferred label
Fruit fleshiness
alternative label
fruit_fleshiness
description
A fruit morphology trait [TO:0002629] which indicates whether a mature [PATO:0001701] fresh [EnvThes:21976] fruit [PO:0009001] is fleshy [PATO:0002351].
Binary variable, dividing entire, true fruits into ‘dry’ versus ‘fleshy’ based on whether their botanical fruit type is fleshy when mature and fresh.
comments
This trait explicitly refers to fruit fleshiness, not diaspore or seed fleshiness; diaspore fleshiness is a separate trait.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
fruit_fleshiness_dry Fruits are dry when mature and fresh.
fruit_fleshiness_fleshy Fruits are fleshy when mature and fresh.
has broader
fruit morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
composition
structure
texture
keyword
reproduction
fleshy
examples
close match: Fruit type [TRY:99] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Fruit_dryness_1 [GIFT:3.18.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
Beentje 2010
Spjut 2003
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012517

Fruit dehiscence

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012518
preferred label
Fruit dehiscence
alternative label
fruit_dehiscence
description
A fruit morphology trait [TO:0002629] which indicates whether mature [PATO:0001701] fruits [PO:0009001] are dehiscent [GO:0009900].
Binary variable, dividing fruits into ‘dehiscent’ versus ‘indehiscent’ based on whether the individual fruit units are dehiscent when mature.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
fruit_dehiscence_dehiscent Fruits are dehiscent when mature.
fruit_dehiscence_indehiscent Fruits are indehiscent when mature.
has broader
fruit morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
structure
keyword
reproduction
dehiscence
examples
close match: Fruit type [TRY:99] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Dehiscence_1 [GIFT:3.17.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
Beentje 2010
Spjut 2003
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012518

Fruit colour

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012519
preferred label
Fruit colour
alternative label
fruit_colour
description
A fruit morphology trait [TO:0002629] which is the primary [NCIT:C25251] colour [PATO:0000014] of the exocarp [PO:0009085] of a mature [PATO:0001701] fruit [PO:0009001].
Human visible dominant colour of a fresh fruit’s exocarp (outermost layer) at maturity.
comments
If a fruit is multiple colours, they are listed as a space-delimited string.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
fruit_colour_pink Fruit’s exocarp is pink.
fruit_colour_red Fruit’s exocarp is red.
fruit_colour_orange Fruit’s exocarp is orange.
fruit_colour_yellow Fruit’s exocarp is yellow.
fruit_colour_green Fruit’s exocarp is green.
fruit_colour_blue Fruit’s exocarp is blue.
fruit_colour_purple Fruit’s exocarp is purple.
fruit_colour_white Fruit’s exocarp is white.
fruit_colour_cream Fruit’s exocarp is cream.
fruit_colour_brown Fruit’s exocarp is brown.
fruit_colour_black Fruit’s exocarp is black.
fruit_colour_grey Fruit’s exocarp is grey.
has broader
fruit morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
colour / color
keyword
reproduction
exocarp
pericarp
has exact match
fruit color
exocarp color
examples
exact match: Fruit/seed color [TRY:585] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Dispersal unit color [TRY:392] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Fruit_colour [GIFT:3.22.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: MainFruitColors [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
close match: FruitColorDescription [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
references
Kissling 2019
Delmas 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012519

Fruit surface hairiness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012521
preferred label
Fruit surface hairiness
alternative label
fruit_surface_hairs
description
A fruit morphology trait [TO:0002629] which is the presence or absence of trichomes [PO:0006504] (hairs) on the surface (exocarp [PO:0009085]) of a mature [PATO:0001701] fruit [PO:0009001].
Surface hairiness of a mature fruit, including vestiture (trichome cover) and bristles.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
fruit_surface_hairs_glabrous Mature fruit do not have hairs (trichomes).
fruit_surface_hairs_hairy Mature fruit have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
fruit morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
texture
pilosity
keyword
trichome
fruit morphology trait
has exact match
fruit hairiness
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012521

Seed dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012610
preferred label
Seed dry mass
alternative label
seed_dry_mass
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0000184] which is the dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] of a mature [PATO:0001701] seed [PO:0009010].
Dry mass of a mature seed, including both oven dried and air-dried samples.
comments
Standard methods people will have used to dry seeds include, ‘fresh’ (at dispersal, mature); ‘air dried’ (at local ambient conditions); ‘seed bank air dried’ (to 15% relative humidity); and ‘oven dried’ (>100 deg C for a set number of hours; e.g. seed bank standard is 103 deg C for 17 hours). It is expected that some observations in AusTraits mapped onto ‘seed_dry_mass’ will actually include both the seed and some dispersal tissue, if the two cannot easily be separated; these should be mapped to ‘diaspore_dry_mass’.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg
milligram
minAllowedValue
0.00001
maxAllowedValue
1000000
has broader
seed morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
mass
keyword
reproduction
has exact match
seed weight, seed mass
seed mass
examples
exact match: Seed dry mass [TOP111] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Seed dry mass [TRY:26] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: seed weight & seed shape [LEDA:5.2] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
exact match: Seed mass [GIFT:3.2] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: seed mass [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Seed dry mass [BROT:27] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
Saatkamp 2018
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
change note
seed_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012610

Diaspore dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012611
preferred label
Diaspore dry mass
alternative label
diaspore_dry_mass
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0000184] which is the dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] of a seed [PO:0009010] and the seed dispersal [EnvThes:21042] structures [PATO:0000141].
Dry mass of a plant’s dispersal unit, including the seed and any dispersal appendages; synonymous with the term dispersule and often synonymous with the term disseminule.
comments
Data mapped onto this trait have been very explicitly defined as a ‘diaspore’. There will be additional values mapped as either ‘seed_dry_mass’ or ‘fruit_dry_mass’ that are also diaspores, but have identified only as being a ‘seed’ or ‘fruit’. In addition, it is expected that some observations in AusTraits mapped onto ‘seed_dry_mass’ will actually include both the seed and some dispersal tissue, if the two cannot easily be separated.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg
milligram
minAllowedValue
0.00001
maxAllowedValue
1000000
has broader
seed morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
mass
keyword
dispersal
reproduction
seed dispersal
examples
exact match: Dispersule dry mass trait [TOP110] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Dispersal unit dry mass [TRY:233] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: seed weight & seed shape [LEDA:5.2] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
change note
diaspore_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012611

Seed embryo and endosperm dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012612
preferred label
Seed embryo and endosperm dry mass
alternative label
seed_dry_mass_reserve
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0000184] which is the dry [PATO:0001824] mass [PATO:0000125] of the components of a seed [PO:0009010] that provide energy [PATO:0001021] to a seedling [EnvThes:20698], generally the embryo [PO:0009009] and, if present, the endosperm [PO:0009089].
Dry mass of a seed’s embryo and endosperm (if present), the components of a seed that provide energy to a seedling. These tissues are distinct from a seed’s dispersal structures or protective tissues.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg
milligram
minAllowedValue
0.00001
maxAllowedValue
100000
has broader
seed morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
mass
keyword
energy
plant embryo
endosperm
reproduction
seedling
storage organ
references
Westoby 1990
Lamont & Groom 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
change note
seed_mass_reserve
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012612

Seed length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012613
preferred label
Seed length
alternative label
seed_length
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0000184] which is the greatest linear dimension [PATO:0001708] (axis) of a seed [PO:0009010] and is perpendicular to [PATO:0002434] the seed width [PATO:0000921] and seed height [PATO:0000119] axes [NCIT:C25154].
Longest linear seed dimension.
comments
Observations of this trait in AusTraits are almost certainly an undocumented mix of dimensions of true seeds and diaspores. When all or part of the fruit is not easily separated from the true seed, many researchers will have recorded and submitted a diaspore length, but labeled the data ‘seed length’. The intent of this measurement is that it excludes appendages, although it is likely some submitted measurements include small appendages that are not easily separated from the seed.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
seed morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
length
size
keyword
reproduction
has exact match
seed length
examples
exact match: Seed length [TOP91] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Seed length [TRY:27] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: seed weight & seed shape [LEDA:5.2] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
exact match: Seed length [GIFT:3.10] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: seed length [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
Saatkamp 2018
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012613

Seed width

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012614
preferred label
Seed width
alternative label
seed_width
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0000184] which is the longest [NCIT:C25558] width [PATO:0000921] dimension of a seed [PO:0009010] and is perpendicular to [PATO:0002434] the seed length [PATO:0000122] and seed height [PATO:0000119] axes [NCIT:C25154].
Longest width dimension of a seed; orthogonal to the length and height axes.
comments
Observations of this trait in AusTraits are almost certainly an undocumented mix of dimensions of true seeds and diaspores. When all or part of the fruit is not easily separated from the true seed, many researchers will have recorded and submitted a diaspore width, but labeled the data ‘seed width’. The intent of this measurement is that it excludes appendages, although it is likely some submitted measurements include small appendages that are not easily separated from the seed.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
seed morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
width
size
keyword
reproduction
has exact match
seed width
examples
exact match: Seed width [TOP95] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Seed width [TRY:239] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: seed weight & seed shape [LEDA:5.2] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
exact match: Seed width [GIFT:3.11] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
Saatkamp 2018
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012614

Seed height

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012615
preferred label
Seed height
alternative label
seed_height
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0000184] which is the shortest diameter [NCT:C120715] axis [NCIT:C25154] of a seed [PO:0009010] and is perpendicular to [PATO:0002434] the seed length [PATO:0000122] and seed width [PATO:0000921] axes.
Shorter width dimension of a seed; orthogonal to its length and width axes.
comments
Observations of this trait in AusTraits are almost certainly an undocumented mix of dimensions of true seeds and diaspores. When all or part of the fruit is not easily separated from the true seed, many researchers will have recorded and submitted a diaspore height, but labeled the data ’seed height. The intent of this measurement is that it excludes appendages, although it is likely some submitted measurements include small appendages that are not easily separated from the seed.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
seed morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
height
size
keyword
reproduction
has exact match
seed thickness
examples
exact match: Seed thickness [TOP99] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: seed weight & seed shape [LEDA:5.2] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
exact match: Seed height [GIFT:3.12] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
Saatkamp 2018
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
change note
seed_breadth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012615

Seed volume

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012616
preferred label
Seed volume
alternative label
seed_volume
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0000184] which is the volume [PATO:0000918] of a seed [PO:0009010].
Volume of a seed.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm3
cubic millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
100000
has broader
seed morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
volume
3-D extent
size
keyword
reproduction
has exact match
seed volume
examples
exact match: Seed volume [TRY:3042] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: seed weight & seed shape [LEDA:5.2] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
exact match: Seed volume [GIFT:3.19] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
Saatkamp 2018
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012616

Seed count

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012617
preferred label
Seed count
alternative label
seed_count
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0000184] which is the count [NCIT:C25463] of seeds [PO:0009010] produced by an individual [EFO:0000542] in a given location [NCIT:C25341].
Number of seeds produced by a plant.
comments
This trait should be used to document the seed output of a large, healthy individual in a population, representing the maximum seed output by the taxon under given environmental conditions.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
100000
has broader
seed morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
has number of
count
maximum
keyword
reproduction
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012617

Seed shape

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012618
preferred label
Seed shape
alternative label
seed_shape
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0000184] which is the 3-D [PATO:0001710] shape [PATO:0000052] of a seed [PO:0009010] considering the relative seed length [PATO:0000122], seed width [PATO:0000921], and seed height PATO:0000119] dimensions and the curvature [PATO:0001591] of the seed’s surface [NCIT:C25245].
Three-dimensional shape of the seed.
comments
The trait values indicate the approximate shape of the seed, acknowledging few seeds are exactly ellipsoid, globoid, etc. The list of terms has been chosen to represent different length:width:height ratios and different levels of symmetry. Terms that suggest very specific shapes have generally been grouped into a broader category for increased interoperability across datasets.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seed_shape_comma-shaped A seed displaying a single arc of curvature, such that it bilaterally symmetrical. (Synonyms, comma-shaped, falcate, sickle-shaped scimitar-shaped)
seed_shape_conical Cone-shaped, with a broad flat base and narrow apex; turbinate refers to the inverse shape. (Synonyms, obconical, cone-shaped, turbinate, top-shaped)
seed_shape_cuneate A 3-dimensional shape that is wedge-shaped or boat-shaped.
seed_shape_cylindrical A cylinder, a shape with a flat top and bottom that are circular or elliptical in outline and are linked by a curved surface. (Synonyms, terete)
seed_shape_discoid A subset of cylinder, a shape with a flat, circular or elliptical top and bottom, linked by a curved surface, where the length of the curved surface is much shorter than the cross-section of the flat surfaces. (Synonyms, flat)
seed_shape_ellipsoid A 3-dimensional shape that is elliptic in long section and circular in cross section; length:width ratio between 2:1 and 3:2. (Synonyms, obloid, oblong)
seed_shape_ellipsoid_flattened A 3-dimensional shape that is elliptic in long section and and laterally compressed/flattened such that it is non-circular in cross section; length:width ratio between 2:1 and 3:2.
seed_shape_fusiform Spindle-shaped; A 3-dimension shape that is narrowly ellipsoid, circular in cross-section and tapering sharply toward both ends. (Synonyms, spindle-shaped)
seed_shape_globoid A 3-dimensional shape that is circular in both long section and cross section. (Synonyms, globose, globular, spherical)
seed_shape_globoid_flattened A 3-dimensional shape that is circular in both long section and somewhat flattened such that it is non-circular in cross section.
seed_shape_hemispheric Half a sphere or globe, with a flat base, domed top, and circular in cross-section. (Synonyms, convex)
seed_shape_hemispheric_flattened A 3-dimensional shape that is a laterally compressed/flattened half-sphere or globe; shape has a flat base, a domed top, and is elliptical in cross-section.
seed_shape_lenticular Shaped like a biconvex lens and circular in cross section; shaped like a lentil.
seed_shape_orbicular A poorly defined term that remains in AusTraits only as a placeholder; it appears to be used as both globoid (spherical) and lenticular by different authors.
seed_shape_ovoid A 3-dimensional shape that is egg-shaped in long section and circular in cross section. Term as used in AusTraits includes variants on egg-shaped including pyriform (pear-shaped) and obovoid (inversely egg-shaped) (Synonyms, pyriform, obovoid)
seed_shape_ovoid_elongated A 3-dimensional shape that is egg-shaped in long section and circular in cross section, where the length dimension is much longer than the width/height dimensions. Term as used in AusTraits includes specific shapes club-shaped (clavate/obclavate) and tear-shaped (lachrimiform). (Synonyms, lachrimiform, tear-shaped, lachrymiform, clavate; obclavate, club-shaped)
seed_shape_ovoid_flattened A 3-dimensional shape that is egg-shaped in long section and laterally compressed/flattened such that is non-circular in cross section.
seed_shape_polyhedral A 3-dimensional shape with distinct, fairly flat faces and edges; includes prisms and tetrahedral shaped seeds. (Synonyms, rhomboid, prismatic, pyramidal, rectangular, square)
seed_shape_polyhedral_elongated A 3-dimensional shape with distinct, fairly flat faces and edges, where the length dimension is much longer than the width/height dimensions; includes elongate prisms and elongate tetrahedral shaped seeds.
seed_shape_polyhedral_inflated A 3-dimensional shape with distinct faces and edges but the faces tend to bulge outwards.
seed_shape_reniform Having a cross-section that is roughly circular with a notch; strictly a kidney-shape but the definition applied here includes heart-shaped seeds and other seeds with a distinct notch. (Synonyms, cordiform, kidney-shaped, heart-shaped)
seed_shape_winged A seed with wings. (Synonyms, samara)
seed_shape_sectoroid Shaped like an orange segment or wedge of a sphere. (Synonyms, wedge-shaped)
seed_shape_sinusoidal A seed with two arcs of curvature or a single arc, such that it lacks an axis of symmetry. (Synonyms, sigmoidal)
has broader
seed morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
shape
3-D extent
morphology
curvature
keyword
reproduction
has exact match
seed shape
examples
exact match: Seed shape [TRY:349] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Basic seed shape [BROT:29] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Simpson 2019
Saatkamp 2018
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012618

Seed surface hairs

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012619
preferred label
Seed surface hairs
alternative label
seed_surface_hairs
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0000184] which is the presence or absence of trichomes [PO:0006504] on the surface [NCIT:C25245] of a mature [PATO:0001701] seed [PO:0009010].
Surface hairiness of a mature seed, including vestiture (trichome cover) and bristles.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seed_surface_hairs_glabrous Seed surface lacks trichomes or bristles.
seed_surface_hairs_hairs Seed surface with trichomes or bristles.
seed_surface_hairs_hairs_branched Seed surface with branched trichomes or bristles.(Synonyms, stellate, plumose)
seed_surface_hairs_hairs_simple Seed surface with simple trichomes or bristles. (Synonyms, tomentose, velutinous, velvety, sericeous)
has broader
seed morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
texture
morphology
pilosity
keyword
trichome
vestiture
reproduction
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Simpson 2019
Saatkamp 2018
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
change note
seed_texture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012619

Seed surface texture

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012620
preferred label
Seed surface texture
alternative label
seed_surface_texture
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0000184] which is the texture [PATO:0000150] of the surface [NCIT:C25245] of a mature [PATO:0001701] seed [PO:0009010].
Surface texture of a mature seed, including descriptions of configuration (overall surface patterns of the epidermal cells) and epidermal excrescence (surface patterns caused by structural outgrowths of the epidermis).
comments
This trait does not include values that capture seed appendages; see the trait dispersal_appendages for descriptions of seed appendages.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seed_surface_texture_bumpy Seed surface covered with minute, rounded protuberances. (Synonyms, colliculate, verrucate, papillate, tuberculate, undulate)
seed_surface_texture_grooved Seed surface covered with grooves.
seed_surface_texture_netted Seed surface covered with raised, reticulate, interconnected ridges. (Synonyms, reticulate, honey-combed)
seed_surface_texture_papery Seed surface with a thin and papery texture. (Synonyms, chartaceous)
seed_surface_texture_pitted Seed surface pitted. (Synonyms, foveolate, foveate, dimpled, punctate, lacunose)
seed_surface_texture_ribbed Seed surface with longitudinal raised ribs or ridges. (Synonyms, costate, carinate, lineate, fluted, striate, strigose, lineolate, scalariform, ridged)
seed_surface_texture_rough Seed surface rough with no organisation of markings, resembling sandpaper. (Synonyms, scabrous)
seed_surface_texture_scaly Seed surface rough with loose scales differing in direction or not parallel in direction. (Synonyms, scurfy, squarrose)
seed_surface_texture_smooth Seed surface smooth, lacking texture. (Synonym, glabrous)
seed_surface_texture_spiny Seed surface with spines. (Synonyms, echinulate)
seed_surface_texture_wrinkled Seed surface with a wrinkled, rugose texture. (Synonyms, rugose, rugulose, bullate)
has broader
seed morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
texture
morphology
keyword
reproduction
has exact match
seed texture
seed coat texture
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Simpson 2019
Saatkamp 2018
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
change note
seed_texture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012620

Seed surface reflectivity

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012621
preferred label
Seed surface reflectivity
alternative label
seed_surface_reflectivity
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0000184] which is the reflectivity [PATO:0001297] of the surface [NCIT:C25245] of a mature [PATO:0001701] seed [PO:0009010].
Surface reflectivity of a seed, indicating whether a seed is shiny or dull.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seed_surface_reflectivity_dull Seed surface appears dull, indicating it has a low reflectivity.
seed_surface_reflectivity_shiny Seed surface appears shiny or glossy, indicating it has a high reflectivity. (Synonyms, glossy, lustrous, polished)
has broader
seed morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
texture
morphology
reflectivity
keyword
reproduction
has exact match
seed coat luster
references
no linked references
date created
2023-04-20”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012621

Diaspore fleshiness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012622
preferred label
Diaspore fleshiness
alternative label
diaspore_fleshiness
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0002629] which indicates whether a mature [PATO:0001701] fresh [EnvThes:21976] diaspore is fleshy [PATO:0002351], where a diaspore is a plant’s dispersal [EnvThes:21038] unit and includes both the seed [PO:0009010] and the seed dispersal [EnvThes:21042] structures [PATO:0000141].
Binary variable, dividing diaspores (dispersal units) into ‘dry’ versus ‘fleshy’ based on whether they have fleshy pericarps, fleshy accessory tissues (such as the receptacle in Podocarpus), or fleshy appendages (e.g. aril, thalamus, receptacle, calyx, rachis or bract or succulent pedicel) when mature. Dispersal units where none of these tissues is fleshy are designated as ‘non-fleshy’.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
diaspore_fleshiness_dry Diaspores where the true fruit, accessory tissues and dispersal appendages are all dry when mature.
diaspore_fleshiness_fleshy Diaspores where either the true fruit, accessory tissues or dispersal appendages are fleshy when mature.
has broader
seed morphology trait
fruit morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
fruit
measured characteristic
composition
structure
keyword
fleshy
dispersal
seed dispersal
reproduction
examples
close match: Fruit type [TRY:99] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
Beentje 2010
Spjut 2003
Chen 2015
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012622

Dispersal appendage

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012623
preferred label
Dispersal appendage
alternative label
dispersal_appendage
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0002629] which indicates external [NCIT:C44280] appendages [NCIT:C61460] on the seed [PO:0009010] or the seed’s dispersal [OMIT: 0027297] structures [PATO:0000141] whose presumed function [NCIT:C25518] is to facilitate seed dispersal [EnvThes:21042].
External appendages of the dispersule presumed to facilitate seed dispersal away from the parent plant.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
dispersal_appendage_aril Fleshy outgrowth of a seed, that often attracts animals like birds or ants.
dispersal_appendage_bristles Bristle-like projections. Trait value includes awns, which are slender, bristle-like projections in some grasses.
dispersal_appendage_bracts_and_glumes When the bracts below the inflorescence are persistent and functional as dispersal appendages. This includes persistent glumes, the modified membranous bracts in the family Poaceae that surround the spikelet of a grass.
dispersal_appendage_elaiosome Fleshy (often fatty) appendage on seeds that attracts ants.
dispersal_appendage_fleshy_reward Broad term that includes a suite of appendages that provides a fleshy reward to attract dispersers; highest level of resolution available for some studies.
dispersal_appendage_floating_seed Seed that is dispersed by floating on water.
dispersal_appendage_flotation_scales Scales enhancing flotation, thereby assisting with dispersal.
dispersal_appendage_floral_parts When some plant floral parts (the petals, sepals, or style) are persistent and aid in seed and fruit dispersal. This is a broad term not explicitly suggesting a dispersal mechanism.
dispersal_appendage_hairs Modified hairs that aid in seed dispersal.
dispersal_appendage_hooks A rear-facing point, as in a fish hook that aids in seed and fruit dispersal.
dispersal_appendage_inflated_parts When some part of the seed, fruit, or associated tissues is inflated, aiding in seed or fruit dispersal.
dispersal_appendage_none When a fruit and associated tissues lack any dispersal appendages. Includes exarillate and taxa with explicitly deciduous pappus.
dispersal_appendage_pappus The calyx in Asteraceae that has been modified into bristles, hairs, scales or awns that are attached to the apex of the fruit. Taxa assigned this trait value have a persistent pappus that aids in dispersal, often, but not exclusively through wind dispersal. The pappus can also assist with flotation.
dispersal_appendage_plumose Fruit, seed, style, or other floral component that is plumose and assists with dispersal.
dispersal_appendage_receptacle Fleshy receptacle that aids in dispersal.
dispersal_appendage_sarcotesta Fleshy seed coat that aids in dispersal.
dispersal_appendage_spines Spines that aid in dispersal.
dispersal_appendage_tumbleweed Plant growth form, whereby the aboveground plant component detaches from the roots and is readily rolled by wind across the ground, aiding in dispersal.
dispersal_appendage_wings Referring to wing-like seed extensions that aid in wind dispersal.
dispersal_appendage_wing_or_plume Broad term that includes a suite of appendages that aid in wind dispersal; highest level of resolution available for some studies.
has broader
seed morphology trait
fruit morphology trait
interspecific interactions trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
fruit
measured characteristic
shape
structure
mechanism
keyword
seed dispersal
dispersal
reproduction
biological process involved in symbiotic interaction, symbiosis
appendage
examples
close match: Dispersal unit type [TRY:231] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Saatkamp 2018
Wigley 2020
LEDA Data Standards 2005
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012623

Dispersal unit

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012624
preferred label
Dispersal unit
alternative label
dispersal_unit
description
A reproductive shoot system morphology trait [TO:0000786] which is the plant structure [PO:0009011] involved in dispersal [EnvThes:21038], broadly distinguishing between taxa [NCIT:C40098] whose main dispersal units are spores [NCIT:C79672], seeds [PO:0009010] or fruit [PO:0009001].
Broad terms indicating the plant structure involved in dispersal, distinguishing between taxonomic groups whose main dispersal units are spores, seeds, or fruit.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
dispersal_unit_fruit Dispersal unit is a fruit.
dispersal_unit_seed Dispersal unit is a seed.
dispersal_unit_spore Dispersal unit is a spore.
dispersal_unit_seedling Dispersal unit is a seedling. (Synonyms, viviparous)
has broader
seed morphology trait
fruit morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
fruit
measured characteristic
organismal quality
structure
keyword
seed dispersal
dispersal
reproduction
spore
examples
close match: Dispersal unit type [TRY:231] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Diaspore [BROT:24] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012624

Seed colour

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012625
preferred label
Seed colour
alternative label
seed_colour
description
A seed morphology trait [TO:0000184] which is the primary [NCIT:C25251] colour [PATO:0000014] of a seed coat [PO:0009088] of a mature [PATO:0001701] seed [PO:0009010].
Human visible dominant colour of a seed coat (outermost layer) at maturity.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seed_colour_blue_purple Seed coat is pink.
seed_colour_green Seed coat is red.
seed_colour_pink Seed coat is orange.
seed_colour_red_brown Seed coat is yellow.
seed_colour_white_cream Seed coat is green.
seed_colour_yellow_orange Seed coat is blue.
seed_colour_grey Seed coat is purple.
seed_colour_black Seed coat is white.
has broader
seed morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
colour / color
keyword
seed coat
scope note
applicable to plants with seeds
has exact match
seed color
examples
close match: Fruit/seed color [TRY:585] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-03-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-03-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0012625

Leaf secondary vein angle

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013011
preferred label
Leaf secondary vein angle
alternative label
leaf_secondary_vein_angle
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the angle [PATO:0002326] between the primary leaf vein [PO:0025413] and the secondary leaf vein [PO:0020140] in a leaf lamina [PO:0020039].
Angle between the primary vein (midrib) and a secondary vein in a leaf lamina.
comments
For a palmate leaf, the main veins radiating from the base are generally referred to as primary veins, with secondary veins branching off each primary vein.
value type
continuous variable
unit
deg
plane angle degree
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
90
has broader
leaf vein morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
angle
keyword
primary leaf vein
secondary leaf vein
leaf lamina
leaf lamina vein
water transport
scope note
Vascular plants with leaves.
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Sack 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
vein_angle_secondary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013011

Major leaf vein density

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013012
preferred label
Major leaf vein density
alternative label
leaf_major_vein_density
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the total length [PATO:0000122] of major leaf lamina veins [PO:0020138] (defined as primary leaf veins [PO:0025413], secondary leaf veins [PO:0020140], and tertiary leaf veins [PO:0008021]) to leaf lamina [PO:0020039] area [PATO:0001323].
The length of major leaf lamina veins per unit leaf area, where primary, secondary and tertiary leaf lamina veins are considered major veins.
comments
This trait records the length of only major veins (primary, secondary and tertiary veins), while the trait leaf_total_vein_density records the length of all orders of leaf veins.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm/mm2
reciprocal millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
20
has broader
leaf vein morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
length
per unit area
ratio; proportion
count density
keyword
leaf lamina vein
primary leaf vein
secondary leaf vein
tertiary leaf vein
water transport
scope note
Vascular plants with leaves.
has related match
leaf vein morphology trait
examples
close match: Leaf vein density [TRY:740] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Sack 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
vein_density
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013012

Length of all minor and major leaf lamina veins per unit area

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013013
preferred label
Length of all minor and major leaf lamina veins per unit area
alternative label
leaf_total_vein_density
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the total length [PATO:0000122] of all leaf lamina veins [PO:0020138] to leaf lamina [PO:0020039] area [PATO:0001323].
The length of all minor and major leaf lamina veins per unit leaf area.
comments
This trait records the length of all orders of leaf lamina veins, while the trait leaf_major_vein_density records only the length of major veins (primary, secondary and tertiary veins).
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm/mm2
millimetre per square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
20
has broader
leaf vein morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
length
per unit area
ratio; proportion
count density
keyword
leaf lamina vein
water transport
scope note
Vascular plants with leaves.
has related match
leaf vein morphology trait
examples
close match: Leaf vein density [TRY:740] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Sack 2013
date created
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
vein_density
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013013

Leaf vein frequency

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013014
preferred label
Leaf vein frequency
alternative label
leaf_vein_frequency
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the count [NCIT:C25463] of all leaf lamina veins [PO:0020138] intersecting the perimeter [PATO:0001711] of a square of the leaf lamina divided by the length of the perimeter of the square.
A measure of vein density, which is the number of veins intersecting the perimeter of a square of the leaf lamina divided by the length of the perimeter of the square.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/mm
reciprocal millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
20
has broader
leaf vein morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
has number of
count density
ratio; proportion
count
keyword
leaf lamina vein
leaf lamina
water transport
scope note
Vascular plants with leaves.
has related match
leaf vein morphology trait
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Sack 2013
Brooker & Nicolle 2013
date created
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
vein_density
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013014

Stem xylem vessel density

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013111
preferred label
Stem xylem vessel density
alternative label
stem_vessel_density
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the count [NCIT:C25463] of xylem vessels [PO:0025417] in a stem [PO:0009047] cross-section [NCIT:C63795] to stem cross-sectional area [PATO:0001323].
The ratio of the count of xylem vessels in a stem cross-section to stem cross-sectional area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/mm2
reciprocal square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.4
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
has number of
count density
per unit area
ratio; proportion
count
keyword
xylem vessel
cross section
water transport
sapwood
examples
exact match: Wood vessel density [TRY:1237] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Branch vessel density [TRY:3390] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: vessel number [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Scholz 2013
Zanne 2010
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
change note
vessel_density
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013111

Leaf xylem vessel density

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013112
preferred label
Leaf xylem vessel density
alternative label
leaf_vessel_density
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the count [NCIT:C25463] of xylem vessels [PO:0025417] in a leaf [PO:0025034] cross-section [NCIT:C63795] to leaf cross-sectional area [PATO:0001323].
The ratio of the count of xylem vessels in a leaf cross-section to leaf cross-sectional area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/mm2
reciprocal square millimetre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
50000
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
has number of
count density
per unit area
ratio; proportion
count
keyword
xylem vessel
cross section
water transport
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
change note
vessel_density_leaves
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013112

Stem xylem vessel diameter

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013113
preferred label
Stem xylem vessel diameter
alternative label
stem_vessel_diameter
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the diameter [PATO:0001334] of xylem vessels [PO:0025417] in a stem [PO:0009047].
Diameter of xylem vessels in a stem.
comments
As the adjacent vessels in an individual stem vary notably in size, this trait should never document a single vessel diameter from an individual, but instead the mean (or possibly maximum) vessel diameter from a much larger sample size. Note as well, that vessel diameters increase from a growing tip to the base of a plant and the location sampled should be specified in either the methods or as a context property.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
diameter
keyword
xylem vessel
water transport
sapwood
has exact match
Wood vessels diameter
examples
exact match: Wood vessel diameter [TRY:1238] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Branch vessel diameter [TRY:3391] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: vessel lumen area [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Scholz 2013
Zanne 2010
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
change note
vessel_diameter
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013113

Stem xylem vessel hydraulic mean diameter

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013114
preferred label
Stem xylem vessel hydraulic mean diameter
alternative label
stem_vessel_diameter_hydraulic
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is a weighted arithmetic mean [STATO:0000398] diameter [PATO:0001334] of xylem vessels [PO:0025417] in a stem [PO:0009047], reflecting the greater relative contribution of wider vessels to hydraulic conductivity [EnvThes:22133] as described by the Hagen-Poiseuille equation [hupson:SCAIVPH_00000131] .
Hydraulic diameter (or hydraulically weighted diameter) is a weighted arithmetic mean diameter of xylem vessels in a stem, reflecting the greater contribution of wide vessels to actual hydraulic conductivity. It is based on the Hagen-Poiseuille law, a fluid dynamics equation that describes laminar flow through a tube. It shows that a few large conduits transport an equal amount of water as many small ones, as flow rate is proportional to the 4th power of the conduit’s diameter.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
500
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
diameter
weighted arithmetic mean
keyword
xylem vessel
hydraulic conductivity
water transport
sapwood
Hagen Poiseuille equation
references
Tyree & Ewers 1991
Scholz 2013
Tyree & Zimmerman 2002
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
change note
vessel_diameter_hydraulic
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013114

Leaf xylem vessel diameter

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013115
preferred label
Leaf xylem vessel diameter
alternative label
leaf_vessel_diameter
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the diameter [PATO:0001334] of xylem vessels [PO:0025417] in a leaf [PO:0025034].
Diameter of xylem vessels in a leaf.
comments
As the adjacent vessels in an individual stem vary notably in size, this trait should never document a single vessel diameter from an individual, but instead the mean (or possibly maximum) vessel diameter from a much larger sample size. Note as well, that vessel diameters increase from a growing tip to the base of a plant and the location sampled should be specified in either the methods or as a context property.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
250
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
diameter
keyword
xylem vessel
hydraulic conductivity
water transport
examples
exact match: Leaf vessel diameter [TRY:367] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
change note
vessel_diameter_leaves
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013115

Stem xylem vessel lumen fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013116
preferred label
Stem xylem vessel lumen fraction
alternative label
stem_vessel_lumen_fraction
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of total xylem vessel [PO:0025417] lumen [PO:0025117] cross-sectional [NCIT:C63795] area [PATO:0001323] to stem [PO:0009047] cross-sectional area.
The fraction of a stem cross-section comprised of lumen and calculated as the ratio of the total cross-sectional area comprised of xylem vessels (lumen fraction) to the total stem cross-sectional area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2/mm2
square millimetre per square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
per unit area
cross section
ratio; proportion
keyword
xylem vessel
plant anatomical space; lumen
vessel lumen
water transport
sapwood
examples
exact match: Stem conduit lumen cross-sectional area (vessels and tracheids) per stem sapwood cross-sectional are [TRY:172] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Scholz 2013
Zanne 2010
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
vessel_lumen_fraction
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013116

Stem xylem vessel multiple fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013117
preferred label
Stem xylem vessel multiple fraction
alternative label
stem_vessel_multiple_fraction
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the count [NCIT:C25463] of groups of xylem vessels [PO:0025417] to the total count of xylem vessels, with a value approximating 1 indicating a tendency towards solitary vessels.
Vmf; A vessel grouping index, calculated as the number of groups of vessels divided by the total number of vessels, where vessels are considered to be part of the same group if they are in contact with one another. A Vmf value approximating 1 denotes a tendency towards solitary vessels while a smaller value indicates a tendency of vessels to occur in clusters.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
has number of
count
ratio; proportion
keyword
xylem vessel
water transport
sapwood
examples
exact match: Wood vessel grouping [TRY:276] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Scholz 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
vessel_multiple_fraction
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013117

Stem non-lumen fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013118
preferred label
Stem non-lumen fraction
alternative label
stem_vessel_non_lumen_fraction
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the proportion of a cross-section of stem that is not comprised of lumen (empty space) and is calculated at 1 minus the ratio [PATO:0001470] of total xylem vessel [PO:0025417] and tracheid [PO:0000301] lumen [PO:0025117] cross-sectional [NCIT:C63795] area [PATO:0001323] to stem [PO:0009047] cross-sectional area.
The fraction of a stem cross-section not comprised of lumen (the empty space in xylem vessels and tracheids) and calculated as one minus the ratio of the total cross-sectional area comprised of xylem vessels and tracheids (lumen fraction) to the total stem cross-sectional area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2/mm2
square millimetre per square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
per unit area
cross section
ratio; proportion
keyword
xylem vessel
plant anatomical space; lumen
vessel lumen
water transport
sapwood
tracheids
examples
exact match: Wood cross-sectional fraction of Vessel (conduit) area [TRY:3018] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Scholz 2013
Zanne 2010
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
vessel_non_lumen_fraction
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013118

xylem vessel wall fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013119
preferred label
xylem vessel wall fraction
alternative label
stem_vessel_wall_fraction
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of xylem vessel [PO:0025417] cell wall [GO:0009505] cross-sectional [NCIT:C63795] area [PATO:0001323] to total xylem vessel cross-sectional area.
Fraction of xylem vessels comprised of cell wall, calculated as the ratio of xylem vessel cell wall cross-sectional area to total xylem vessel cross-sectional area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2/mm2
square millimetre per square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
per unit area
cross section
ratio; proportion
keyword
xylem vessel
plant-type cell wall
water transport
sapwood
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
vessel_wall_fraction
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013119

Xylem vulnerability index

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013120
preferred label
Xylem vulnerability index
alternative label
stem_xylem_vulnerability_index
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of a stem’ [PO:0009047] average xylem vessel [PO:0025417] diameter [PATO:0001334] to the stem’s xylem vessel count density [ECSO:00001160].
The ratio of a stem’s average xylem vessel diameter to the stem’s xylem vessel density, an index of sap conductance and xylem vessel susceptibility to vessel cavitation.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um.m2/{count}
square millimetre micrometre
minAllowedValue
0.05
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
diameter
count density
ratio; proportion
keyword
xylem
water transport
sapwood
references
Scholz 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
vulnerability_index
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013120

Leaf xylem vessel wall thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013121
preferred label
Leaf xylem vessel wall thickness
alternative label
leaf_vessel_wall_thickness
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of the wall of xylem vessels [PO:0025417] in a leaf [PO:0025034].
The wall thickness of xylem vessels in a leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
thickness
size
keyword
xylem vessel
water transport
hydraulic conductivity
scope note
applicable to plants with vessels
references
no linked references
date created
2025-03-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-03-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013121

Stem xylem vessel wall thickness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013122
preferred label
Stem xylem vessel wall thickness
alternative label
stem_vessel_wall_thickness
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the thickness [PATO:0000915] of the wall of xylem vessels [PO:0025417] in a stem [PO:0009047].
The wall thickness of xylem vessels in a stem.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
thickness
size
keyword
xylem vessel
water transport
sapwood
hydraulic conductivity
scope note
applicable to plants with vessels
references
no linked references
date created
2025-03-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-03-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013122

Leaf xylem vessel length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013123
preferred label
Leaf xylem vessel length
alternative label
leaf_vessel_length
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the length [PATO:0000122] of xylem vessels [PO:0025417] in a leaf [PO:0025034].
The length of xylem vessels in a leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
length
size
keyword
xylem vessel
water transport
scope note
applicable to plants with vessels
references
no linked references
date created
2025-03-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-03-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013123

Stem xylem vessel length

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013124
preferred label
Stem xylem vessel length
alternative label
stem_vessel_length
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the length [PATO:0000122] of xylem vessels [PO:0025417] in a stem [PO:0009047].
The length of xylem vessels in a stem.
value type
continuous variable
unit
um
micrometre
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
xylem vessel morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
length
size
keyword
xylem vessel
water transport
sapwood
scope note
applicable to plants with vessels
references
no linked references
date created
2025-03-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-03-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013124

Wood axial parenchyma fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013161
preferred label
Wood axial parenchyma fraction
alternative label
wood_axial_parenchyma_fraction
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the fraction of a cross-section [NCIT:C63795] of sapwood [PO:0004513] comprised of axial secondary xylem parenchyma [PO:0004533], calculated as ratio [PATO:0001470] of axial parenchyma cross-sectional area [PATO:0001323] to sapwood cross-sectional area.
The fraction of a cross-section of sapwood comprised of axial parenchyma. It is calculated as the ratio of total axial parenchyma cross-sectional area to sapwood cross-sectional area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2/mm2
square millimetre per square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
vascular tissue morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
per unit area
cross section
keyword
sapwood
axial secondary xylem parenchyma
wood
wood, secondary xylem
examples
exact match: Wood cross-sectional fraction of axial parenchyma area [TRY:3021] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013161

Wood conduit fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013162
preferred label
Wood conduit fraction
alternative label
wood_conduit_fraction
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the fraction of a cross-section [NCIT:C63795] of sapwood [PO:0004513] comprised of all water [CHEBI:15377] transport conduits (both tracheids [PO:0000301] and xylem vessels [PO:0025417]), calculated as the ratio [PATO:0001470] of total cross-sectional area [PATO:0001323] of conduits to sapwood cross-sectional area.
The fraction of a cross-section of sapwood comprised of all water transport conduits, including both xylem vessels and tracheids. It is calculated as the ratio of total conduit cross-sectional area to sapwood cross-sectional area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2/mm2
square millimetre per square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
vascular tissue morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
per unit area
cross section
keyword
sapwood
tracheids
xylem
wood
water transport
wood, secondary xylem
examples
exact match: Wood cross-sectional fraction of Vessel (conduit) area [TRY:3018] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013162

Wood fibre fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013163
preferred label
Wood fibre fraction
alternative label
wood_fibre_fraction
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the fraction of a cross-section [NCIT:C63795] of sapwood [PO:0004513] comprised of plant fiber cells [PO:0025407], calculated as the ratio [PATO:0001470] of total fiber cell cross-sectional area [PATO:0001323] to sapwood cross-sectional area.
The fraction of a cross-section of sapwood comprised of fibres. It is calculated as the ratio of total fibre cross-sectional area to sapwood cross-sectional area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2/mm2
square millimetre per square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
vascular tissue morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
per unit area
cross section
keyword
sapwood
plant fiber cell
wood
wood, secondary xylem
examples
exact match: Wood cross-sectional fraction of fibre area [TRY:3019] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013163

Wood ray parenchyma fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013164
preferred label
Wood ray parenchyma fraction
alternative label
wood_ray_parenchyma_fraction
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the fraction of a cross-section [NCIT:C63795] of sapwood [PO:0004513] comprised of ray secondary xylem parenchyma cells [PO:0004534], calculated as the ratio [PATO:0001470] of total ray parenchyma cross-sectional area [PATO:0001323] to sapwood cross-sectional area.
The fraction of a cross-section of sapwood comprised of rays. It is calculated as the ratio of total ray cross-sectional area to sapwood cross-sectional area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2/mm2
square millimetre per square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
vascular tissue morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
per unit area
cross section
keyword
sapwood
ray secondary xylem parenchyma
wood
wood, secondary xylem
examples
exact match: Wood cross-sectional fraction of wod ray area [TRY:3020] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
wood_ray_fraction
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013164

Wood tracheid fraction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0013165
preferred label
Wood tracheid fraction
alternative label
wood_tracheid_fraction
description
A vascular tissue morphology trait [TO:0000470] which is the fraction of a cross-section [NCIT:C63795] of sapwood [PO:0004513] comprised of tracheids [PO:0000301], calculated as the ratio [PATO:0001470] of total tracheid cross-sectional area [PATO:0001323] to sapwood cross-sectional area.
The fraction of a cross-section of sapwood comprised of tracheids. It is calculated as the ratio of total tracheid cross-sectional area to sapwood cross-sectional area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm2/mm2
square millimetre per square millimetre
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
vascular tissue morphology trait
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
per unit area
cross section
keyword
sapwood
tracheids
wood
water transport
wood, secondary xylem
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0013165

Leaf work to punch

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0014011
preferred label
Leaf work to punch
alternative label
leaf_work_to_punch
description
A leaf lamina [PO:0025060] strength [PATO:0001230] trait which is a measure of a leaf’s [PO:0025034] compressive strength [SWEET:propPressure/CompressiveStrength; MESH:D019245]. It is the force [PATO:0001035] (work) required to punch a hole in a leaf lamina (fracture [SWEET:phenSolid/Fracture]) with a punch and die.
The force (work) required to punch a hole through a leaf lamina, generally with a punch and die. This is a measure of leaf compressive strength or toughness.
comments
Variation in methods used will mean that, in some cases, values are not perfectly comparable across studies. The expected units for this trait are listed as N/m, which is identical to J/m2; Newtons are a unit of force, while Joules are a unit of work, indicating how much work (force per distance) is done when force is applied.
value type
continuous variable
unit
N/m
newton per metre
minAllowedValue
0.5
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
plant structure strength trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
work
force
keyword
leaf lamina
strength
compressive strength
fracture
punch
examples
related match: Wood mechanical property: flexual stiffness, elasticity, rupture [TRY:1226] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Sanson 2001
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0014011

Leaf specific work to punch

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0014012
preferred label
Leaf specific work to punch
alternative label
leaf_work_to_punch_adjusted
description
A leaf lamina [PO:0025060] strength [PATO:0001230] trait which is a measure of a leaf’s [PO:0025034] compressive strength [SWEET:propPressure/CompressiveStrength; MESH:D019245]. It is the force [PATO:0001035] (work) required to punch a hole in a leaf lamina (fracture [SWEET:phenSolid/Fracture]) with a punch and die, scaled by leaf thickness [PATO:0000915].
The force (work) required to punch a hole through a leaf lamina, generally with a punch and die, adjusted for leaf thickness. This is a measure of leaf compressive strength or toughness.
comments
Variation in methods used will mean that, in some cases, values are not perfectly comparable across studies. The expected units for this trait are listed as N/m2, which is identical to J/m3; Newtons are a unit of force, while Joules are a unit of work, indicating how much work (force per distance) is done when force is applied.
value type
continuous variable
unit
N/m2
minAllowedValue
1000
maxAllowedValue
30000000
has broader
plant structure strength trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
work
force
ratio; proportion
thickness
keyword
leaf lamina
strength
compressive strength
fracture
punch
examples
related match: Wood mechanical property: flexual stiffness, elasticity, rupture [TRY:1226] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Sanson 2001
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0014012

Leaf work to shear

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0014013
preferred label
Leaf work to shear
alternative label
leaf_work_to_shear
description
A leaf lamina [PO:0025060] strength [PATO:0001230] trait which is a measure of a leaf’s [PO:0025034] compressive strength [SWEET:propPressure/CompressiveStrength; MESH:D019245]. It is the force [PATO:0001035] required to shear [SWEET:phenSolid/Shear] a leaf lamina with a pair of scissors.
The force (work) required to shear a leaf. This is a measure of leaf compressive strength or toughness that is equivalent to cutting a leaf with scissors.
comments
Variation in methods used will mean that, in some cases, values are not perfectly comparable across studies. The expected units for this trait, N is the same as J/m; Newtons are a unit of force, while Joules are a unit of work, indicating how much work (force per distance) is done when force is applied.
value type
continuous variable
unit
N
newton
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
plant structure strength trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
work
force
keyword
leaf lamina
strength
compressive strength
shear
examples
related match: Wood mechanical property: flexual stiffness, elasticity, rupture [TRY:1226] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Sanson 2001
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0014013

Leaf specific work to shear (fracture toughness)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0014014
preferred label
Leaf specific work to shear (fracture toughness)
alternative label
leaf_work_to_shear_adjusted
description
A leaf lamina [PO:0025060] strength [PATO:0001230] trait which is a measure of a leaf’s [PO:0025034] compressive strength [SWEET:propPressure/CompressiveStrength; MESH:D019245]. It is the force [PATO:0001035] required to shear [SWEET:phenSolid/Shear] a leaf lamina with a pair of scissors, scaled by leaf thickness [PATO:0000915].
The force (work) required to shear a leaf, adjusted to leaf thickness; also referred to as ‘fracture toughness’. This is a measure of leaf compressive strength or toughness that is equivalent to cutting a leaf with scissors.
comments
Variation in methods used will mean that, in some cases, values are not perfectly comparable across studies. The expected units for this trait, N/m is the same as J/m2; Newtons are a unit of force, while Joules are a unit of work, indicating how much work (force per distance) is done when force is applied.
value type
continuous variable
unit
N/m
newton per metre
minAllowedValue
100
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
plant structure strength trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
work
force
ratio; proportion
thickness
keyword
leaf lamina
strength
compressive strength
shear
examples
related match: Wood mechanical property: flexual stiffness, elasticity, rupture [TRY:1226] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Leaf lamina fracture toughness [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Sanson 2001
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0014014

Leaf work to tear

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0014015
preferred label
Leaf work to tear
alternative label
leaf_work_to_tear
description
A leaf lamina [PO:0025060] strength [PATO:0001230] trait which is a measure of a leaf’s [PO:0025034] tensile strength [SWEET:propPressure/TensileStrength; MESH:D013718]. It is the force [PATO:0001035] required to tear or rip [SWEET:phenSolid/Rip] a leaf lamina.
The force (work) required to tear/rip a leaf. This is a measure of leaf tensile strength.
comments
Variation in methods used will mean that, in some cases, values are not perfectly comparable across studies. The expected units for this trait, N is the same as J/m; Newtons are a unit of force, while Joules are a unit of work, indicating how much work (force per distance) is done when force is applied. (Work to tear is also sometimes reported in J.)
value type
continuous variable
unit
N
newton
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
plant structure strength trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
work
force
keyword
leaf lamina
strength
tensile strength
rip, tear
examples
related match: Wood mechanical property: flexual stiffness, elasticity, rupture [TRY:1226] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Sanson 2001
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0014015

Leaf specific work to tear

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0014016
preferred label
Leaf specific work to tear
alternative label
leaf_work_to_tear_adjusted
description
A leaf lamina [PO:0025060] strength [PATO:0001230] trait which is a measure of a leaf’s [PO:0025034] tensile strength [SWEET:propPressure/TensileStrength; MESH:D013718]. It is the force [PATO:0001035] required to tear or rip [SWEET:phenSolid/Rip] a leaf lamina, scaled by leaf thickness [PATO:0000915].
The force (work) required to tear/rip a leaf, adjusted to leaf thickness. This is a measure of leaf tensile strength.
comments
Variation in methods used will mean that, in some cases, values are not perfectly comparable across studies. The expected units for this trait, N/m is the same as J/m2; Newtons are a unit of force, while Joules are a unit of work, indicating how much work (force per distance) is done when force is applied.
value type
continuous variable
unit
N/m
newton per metre
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
15000
has broader
plant structure strength trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
work
force
ratio; proportion
thickness
keyword
leaf lamina
strength
tensile strength
rip, tear
examples
related match: Wood mechanical property: flexual stiffness, elasticity, rupture [TRY:1226] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Sanson 2001
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0014016

Bark modulus of elasticity

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0014017
preferred label
Bark modulus of elasticity
alternative label
bark_modulus_of_elasticity
description
A bark [PO:0004518] physical quality [PATO:0002079] trait which is the bark’s modulus of elasticity [SWEET:propPressure/ModulusOfElasticity], its resistance to being deformed [SWEET:phenSolid/Deform] elastically [PATO:0001031] (non-permanently) when a force [PATO:0001035] is applied. It is calculated as the ratio of the force applied to bark per unit area (stress) to the bark’s deformation (bending).
A measure of stem stiffness and elasticity, which is how much the bark is deformed elastically (bends) under stress. It is calculated as the ratio of the force applied to bark per unit area (stress) to the bark’s deformation (bending). The trait is also called Young’s modulus for bark.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
100000
has broader
plant structure strength trait
bark morphology trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
work
force
keyword
elasticity
modulus of elasticity
deform
has related match
osmotic adjustment capacity
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
modulus_of_elasticity_bark
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0014017

Stem modulus of elasticity

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0014018
preferred label
Stem modulus of elasticity
alternative label
stem_modulus_of_elasticity
description
A stem [PO:0009047] physical quality [PATO:0002079] trait which is the stem’s modulus of elasticity [SWEET:propPressure/ModulusOfElasticity], its resistance to being deformed [SWEET:phenSolid/Deform] elastically [PATO:0001031] (non-permanently) when a force [PATO:0001035] is applied. It is calculated as the ratio of the force applied to wood per unit area (stress) to the stem’s deformation (bending).
A measure of stem stiffness and elasticity, which is how much the stem is deformed elastically (bends) under stress. It is calculated as the ratio of the force applied to stem per unit area (stress) to the stem’s deformation (bending). This is the modulus of a compound tissue made up of bark and wood (or xylem) and potentially pith and could also be called structural modulus of elasticity. Trait is also called Young’s modulus for a stem.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
100000
has broader
plant structure strength trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
work
force
keyword
elasticity
modulus of elasticity
deform
wood, secondary xylem
has related match
osmotic adjustment capacity
examples
close match: Wood mechanical property: flexual stiffness, elasticity, rupture [TRY:1226] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
modulus_of_elasticity_stem
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0014018

Xylem modulus of elasticity

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0014019
preferred label
Xylem modulus of elasticity
alternative label
xylem_modulus_of_elasticity
description
A secondary xylem [PO:0005848] physical quality [PATO:0002079] trait which is the xylem’s modulus of elasticity [SWEET:propPressure/ModulusOfElasticity], its resistance to being deformed [SWEET:phenSolid/Deform] elastically [PATO:0001031] (non-permanently) when a force [PATO:0001035] is applied.
A measure of wood stiffness and elasticity, which is how much wood (secondary xylem) is deformed elastically (bends) under stress. It is calculated as the ratio of the force applied to wood per unit area (stress) to the stem’s deformation (bending). This is the modulus of elasticity explicitly for xylem (wood). Trait is also called Young’s modulus for xylem.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
100000
has broader
plant structure strength trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
work
force
keyword
elasticity
modulus of elasticity
deform
xylem
wood, secondary xylem
has related match
osmotic adjustment capacity
examples
close match: Wood mechanical property: flexual stiffness, elasticity, rupture [TRY:1226] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
modulus_of_elasticity_xylem
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0014019

Modulus of rupture

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0014020
preferred label
Modulus of rupture
alternative label
modulus_of_rupture
description
A secondary xylem [PO:0005848] physical quality [PATO:0002079] trait which is the xylem [PO:0005352] cell wall’s [GO:0009505] mechanical [MESH:D055595] bending strength [PATO:0001230], reported as the force [PATO:0001035] applied to a stem [PO:0009047] that causes it to stop bending and break (fail).
A measure of wood bending strength, which is the force per unit surface area applied to a length of bent stem (surface stress) that causes it to break. This is also the force required to rupture xylem vessels.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
plant structure strength trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
pressure
force
strength
keyword
xylem
plant-type cell wall
water stress trait
wood, secondary xylem
examples
close match: Wood mechanical property: flexual stiffness, elasticity, rupture [TRY:1226] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0014020

Plant photosynthetic pathway

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020221
preferred label
Plant photosynthetic pathway
alternative label
photosynthetic_pathway
description
The photosynthetic pathway, or biochemical reaction [NCIT:C19899], used by a plant to convert carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] into carbohydrates [CHEBI:16646], with options being C3 photosynthesis [GO:0019253], C4 photosynthesis [GO:0009760], and CAM photosynthesis [GO:0009761].
Type of photosynthetic pathway displayed by a plant.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
photosynthetic_pathway_c3 Plant using the ‘standard’ photosynthetic pathway, where a 3-carbon compound is produced after the first stage in the photosynthetic pathway.
photosynthetic_pathway_c4 Plants in which the photosynthetic light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle are physically separated to reduce photorespiration.
photosynthetic_pathway_c3-c4 Taxa that shift between C3 and C4 photosynthesis.
photosynthetic_pathway_cam Plants which display crassulacean acid metabolism.
photosynthetic_pathway_c3-cam Taxa that shift between C3 and cam photosynthesis.
photosynthetic_pathway_c4-cam Taxa that shift between C4 and cam photosynthesis.
photosynthetic_pathway_facultative_cam Species that shifts between C3 and CAM photosynthesis depending on water availability.
photosynthetic_pathway_unknown Photosynthetic pathway is unknown. (This trait value should be used if the photosynthetic pathway is assessed but unknown, not to record a lack of data.)
has broader
photosynthetic trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
organismal quality
keyword
Calvin cycle; C3 photosynthesis (reductive pentose-phosphate cycle
C4 photosynthesis
CAM photosynthesis
biochemical reaction
photosynthesis, dark reaction
photosynthesis
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis pathway [TRY:22] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Photosynthetic_pathway [GIFT:4.2.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020221

Bark photosynthesis

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020222
preferred label
Bark photosynthesis
alternative label
bark_photosynthetic_status
description
A photosynthetic trait [TO:0001015] which indicates whether a plant’s bark [PO:0004518] does or does not have a photosynthetic rate greater than zero.
Binary variable indicating whether bark is photosynthetic.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
bark_photosynthetic_status_non_photosynthetic_bark Plant’s bark is not photosynthetic.
bark_photosynthetic_status_photosynthetic_bark Plant’s bark is photosynthetic.
has broader
photosynthetic rate trait
plant structure
bark
measured characteristic
organismal quality
keyword
photosynthetic rate
biochemical reaction
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
photosynthetic_bark
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020222

Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf area under ambient light and CO2 (A)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020240
preferred label
Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf area under ambient light and CO2 (A)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthetic_rate_per_area_ambient
description
The photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] exposed to ambient [NCIT:C62306] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] levels and ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451; CHEBI:16526] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The photosynthetic rate of a leaf exposed to ambient light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations, air temperature and vapour pressure deficit, per unit leaf area.
comments
Leaf temperature and leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit should be recorded as context properties. If Tleaf and VPD are not reported, it is assumed measurements are made at typical temperature and VPD conditions for the plant.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/m2/s
micromole per square metre second
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
40
has broader
photosynthetic rate trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
per unit area
rate
keyword
photosynthetic rate
photosystem
photosynthetically active radiation
carbon dioxide
biochemical reaction
ambient photosynthetic rate
has exact match
Photosynthetic rate
has close match
photosynthetic rate
photosynthetic rate
examples
close match: Leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf area [TOP357] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Photosynthesis rate per leaf area [TRY:53] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf area [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
photosynthetic_rate_per_area_ambient
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020240

Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf area under saturating light and CO2 (Amax)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020241
preferred label
Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf area under saturating light and CO2 (Amax)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthetic_rate_per_area_maximum
description
The photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are exposed to saturating [NCIT:C61427] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and saturating atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451; CHEBI:16526] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The photosynthetic rate of a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and saturating carbon dioxide concentrations, at optimal leaf temperature and VPD conditions, per unit leaf area; maximum photosynthetic rate.
comments
Leaf temperature and leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit should be recorded as context properties. If Tleaf and VPD are not reported, it is assumed measurements are made at typical temperature and VPD conditions for the plant.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/m2/s
micromole per square metre second
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
65
has broader
photosynthetic rate trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
per unit area
rate
keyword
photosynthetic rate
photosystem
photosynthetically active radiation
carbon dioxide
biochemical reaction
maximum photosynthetic rate, Amax
has exact match
Photosynthetic rate
has close match
photosynthetic rate
photosynthetic rate
examples
close match: Leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf area [TOP357] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Photosynthesis rate per leaf area [TRY:53] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf area [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
photosynthetic_rate_per_area_maximum
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020241

Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf area under saturating light and ambient CO2 (Asat)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020242
preferred label
Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf area under saturating light and ambient CO2 (Asat)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthetic_rate_per_area_saturated
description
The photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are exposed to saturating [NCIT:C61427] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and ambient [NCIT:C62306] atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451; CHEBI:16526] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The photosynthetic rate of a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations, air temperature and vapour pressure deficit, per unit leaf area; light-saturated photosynthetic rate.
comments
Leaf temperature and leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit should be recorded as context properties. If Tleaf and VPD are not reported, it is assumed measurements are made at typical temperature and VPD conditions for the plant.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/m2/s
micromole per square metre second
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
65
has broader
photosynthetic rate trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
per unit area
rate
keyword
photosynthetic rate
photosystem
photosynthetically active radiation
carbon dioxide
biochemical reaction
saturated photosynthetic rate, Asat
has exact match
Photosynthetic rate
has close match
photosynthetic rate
photosynthetic rate
examples
close match: Leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf area [TOP357] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Photosynthesis rate per leaf area [TRY:53] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf area [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
photosynthetic_rate_per_area_saturated
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020242

Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf dry mass under ambient light and CO2 (A)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020243
preferred label
Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf dry mass under ambient light and CO2 (A)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthetic_rate_per_dry_mass_ambient
description
The photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] exposed to ambient [NCIT:C62306] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] levels and ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451; CHEBI:16526] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The photosynthetic rate of a leaf exposed to ambient light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations, at ambient carbon dioxide concentrations, air temperature and vapour pressure deficit, per unit leaf dry mass.
comments
Leaf temperature and leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit should be recorded as context properties. If Tleaf and VPD are not reported, it is assumed measurements are made at typical temperature and VPD conditions for the plant.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/g/s
micromole per gram second
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
0.8
has broader
photosynthetic rate trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
rate
keyword
photosynthetic rate
photosystem
photosynthetically active radiation
carbon dioxide
biochemical reaction
ambient photosynthetic rate
has close match
Photosynthetic rate
photosynthetic rate
photosynthetic rate
examples
close match: Leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf dry mass [TOP359] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Photosynthesis rate per leaf dry mass [TRY:40] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf dry mass [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
photosynthetic_rate_per_dry_mass_ambient
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020243

Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf dry mass under saturating light and CO2 (Amax)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020244
preferred label
Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf dry mass under saturating light and CO2 (Amax)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthetic_rate_per_dry_mass_maximum
description
The photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are exposed to saturating [NCIT:C61427] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and saturating atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451; CHEBI:16526] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The photosynthetic rate of a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and saturating carbon dioxide concentrations, at optimal leaf temperature and VPD conditions, per unit leaf dry mass; maximum photosynthetic rate.
comments
Leaf temperature and leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit should be recorded as context properties. If Tleaf and VPD are not reported, it is assumed measurements are made at typical temperature and VPD conditions for the plant.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/g/s
micromole per gram second
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
photosynthetic rate trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
rate
keyword
photosynthetic rate
photosystem
photosynthetically active radiation
carbon dioxide
biochemical reaction
maximum photosynthetic rate, Amax
has close match
Photosynthetic rate
photosynthetic rate
photosynthetic rate
examples
close match: Leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf dry mass [TOP359] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Photosynthesis rate per leaf dry mass [TRY:40] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf dry mass [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Ely 2021
Field & Mooney 1986
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
photosynthetic_rate_per_dry_mass_maximum
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020244

Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf dry mass under saturating light and ambient CO2 (Asat)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020245
preferred label
Leaf photosynthesis rate per unit leaf dry mass under saturating light and ambient CO2 (Asat)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthetic_rate_per_dry_mass_saturated
description
The photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are exposed to saturating [NCIT:C61427] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and ambient [NCIT:C62306] atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451; CHEBI:16526] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The photosynthetic rate of a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations, air temperature and vapour pressure deficit, per unit leaf dry mass; saturated photosynthetic rate.
comments
Leaf temperature and leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit should be recorded as context properties. If Tleaf and VPD are not reported, it is assumed measurements are made at typical temperature and VPD conditions for the plant.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/g/s
micromole per gram second
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
photosynthetic rate trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
rate
keyword
photosynthetic rate
photosystem
photosynthetically active radiation
carbon dioxide
biochemical reaction
saturated photosynthetic rate, Asat
has close match
Photosynthetic rate
photosynthetic rate
photosynthetic rate
examples
close match: Leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf dry mass [TOP359] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Photosynthesis rate per leaf dry mass [TRY:40] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf dry mass [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Ely 2021
Field & Mooney 1986
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
photosynthetic_rate_per_dry_mass_saturated
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020245

Leaf internal CO2 concentration during Amax measurement (ci)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020310
preferred label
Leaf internal CO2 concentration during Amax measurement (ci)
alternative label
leaf_intercellular_CO2_concentration_at_Amax
description
The intercellular space [PO:0025379] carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526] concentration [PATO:0000033] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are exposed to saturating [NCIT:C61427] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and saturating atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations.
The CO2 concentration in intercellular (interstitial) spaces in a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and saturating carbon dioxide concentrations; ci.
comments
Leaf temperature and leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit should be recorded as context properties. If Tleaf and VPD are not reported, it is assumed measurements are made at typical temperature and VPD conditions for the plant.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/mol
micromole per mole
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1800
has broader
carbon dioxide concentration trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
concentration
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
intercellular space
carbon dioxide
maximum photosynthetic rate, Amax
has exact match
Internal CO2 concentration
examples
close match: Photosynthesis A/Ci curve: intercellular CO2 concentration [TRY:3366] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
ci_at_Amax
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020310

Internal CO2 concentration during Asat measurement (ci)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020311
preferred label
Internal CO2 concentration during Asat measurement (ci)
alternative label
leaf_intercellular_CO2_concentration_at_Asat
description
The intercellular space [PO:0025379] carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526] concentration [PATO:0000033] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are exposed to saturating [NCIT:C61427] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations.
The CO2 concentration in intercellular (interstitial) spaces in a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations; ci.
comments
Leaf temperature and leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit should be recorded as context properties. If Tleaf and VPD are not reported, it is assumed measurements are made at typical temperature and VPD conditions for the plant.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/mol
micromole per mole
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1300
has broader
carbon dioxide concentration trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
concentration
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
intercellular space
carbon dioxide
saturated photosynthetic rate, Asat
has exact match
Internal CO2 concentration
examples
close match: Photosynthesis A/Ci curve: intercellular CO2 concentration [TRY:3366] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
ci_at_Asat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020311

Internal CO2 concentration under ambient conditions (ci)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020312
preferred label
Internal CO2 concentration under ambient conditions (ci)
alternative label
leaf_intercellular_CO2_concentration_at_Aambient
description
The intercellular space [PO:0025379] carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526] concentration [PATO:0000033] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] exposed to ambient [NCIT:C62306] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] levels and ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations.
The CO2 concentration in intercellular (interstitial) spaces in a leaf exposed to ambient light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations; ci.
comments
Leaf temperature and leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit should be recorded as context properties. If Tleaf and VPD are not reported, it is assumed measurements are made at typical temperature and VPD conditions for the plant.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/mol
micromole per mole
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1300
has broader
carbon dioxide concentration trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
concentration
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
intercellular space
carbon dioxide
ambient photosynthetic rate
has exact match
Internal CO2 concentration
examples
close match: Photosynthesis A/Ci curve: intercellular CO2 concentration [TRY:3366] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
ci_at_ambient
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020312

Ratio of internal to external CO2 concentrations (ci/ca)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020313
preferred label
Ratio of internal to external CO2 concentrations (ci/ca)
alternative label
leaf_intercellular_CO2_concentration_to_atmospheric_CO2_concentration_ratio
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of leaf [PO:0025034] intercellular space [PO:0025379] carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526] concentration [PATO:0000033] to atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentration.
The ratio of the CO2 concentration in intercellular (interstitial) spaces in leaves to the atmospheric CO2 concentration, an indication of stomatal conductance; ci/ca.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2_internal}/umol{CO2_ambient}
micromole per micromole
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1.3
has broader
carbon dioxide concentration trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
concentration
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
intercellular space
carbon dioxide
cell
atmospheric carbon dioxide
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis: intercellular CO2 concentration to ambient CO2 (ci/ca) [TRY:3379] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Ely 2021
Wong 1979
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
ci_over_ca
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020313

CO2 concentration inside chloroplasts (cc)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020314
preferred label
CO2 concentration inside chloroplasts (cc)
alternative label
leaf_chloroplast_CO2_concentration
description
The concentration [PATO:0000033] of carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] inside chloroplasts [GO:0009507] in leaves [PO:0025034].
CO2 concentration inside chloroplasts in leaves; cc.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/umol
micromole per micromole
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
carbon dioxide concentration trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
concentration
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
carbon dioxide
chloroplast
cell
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis CO2 concentration at chloroplast [TRY:3007] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
cc
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020314

Ambient CO2 concentration (ca)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020315
preferred label
Ambient CO2 concentration (ca)
alternative label
atmospheric_CO2_concentration
description
The atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentration [PATO:0000033].
Atmospheric CO2 concentration (external CO2 concentration); ca.
comments
This is not a trait itself, but will often be used to calculate traits related to photosynthetic rates and therefore is recorded.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/mol
micromole per mole
minAllowedValue
50
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
carbon dioxide concentration trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
concentration
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
keyword
atmospheric carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
ca
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020315

Leaf Jmax per unit leaf area (Jmax)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020410
preferred label
Leaf Jmax per unit leaf area (Jmax)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthesis_Jmax_per_area
description
Maximum [NCIT:C25564] electron transport [MESH:D004579] rate [PATO:0000161] through the photosynthetic [GO:0015979] electron transport chain [GO:0022900], recorded per unit leaf [PO:0025034] area [PATO:0001323]. The value is a model parameter [STATO:0000034] derived from the portion of the photosynthesis A-ci response curve at high carbon dioxide concentrations where ATP and NADPH production by the light reactions [GO:0019684] limits the rate of carboxylation [MOP:0000591].
The maximum potential photosynthetic electron transport rate, recorded per unit leaf area. This is a model-derived value, calculated from the portion of an A-ci response curve (curve showing the photosynthetic response to increasing carbon dioxide concentrations) at high carbon dioxide concentrations. This is the portion of the curve where the photosynthetic rate is limited by the rate of ATP and NADPH production by the light reactions.
comments
This trait is explicitly for Jmax per leaf area measurements made at a temperature other than 25 deg C. It is essential to record measurement temperature as a context property as Jmax is very sensitive to changes in temperature. Measurements made at 25 deg C should be mapped to leaf_photosynthesis_Jmax_per_area_25C
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/m2/s
micromole per square metre second
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
800
has broader
photosystem performance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
model parameter
enzyme activity
rate
per unit area
keyword
carboxylation
photosynthesis
Models, Theoretical
biochemical reaction
carbon dioxide
has exact match
Leaf electron transport rate
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis electron transport capacity (Jmax) per leaf area (Farquhar model) [TRY:269] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Farquhar 1980
Medlyn 2002
Evans 2010
Ely 2021
Von Caemmerer 2000
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
Jmax_per_area; leaf_fluorescence_Jmax_per_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020410

Leaf Jmax per unit leaf area at 25 deg C (Jmax25)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020411
preferred label
Leaf Jmax per unit leaf area at 25 deg C (Jmax25)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthesis_Jmax_per_area_25C
description
Maximum [NCIT:C25564] electron transport [MESH:D004579] rate [PATO:0000161] through the photosynthetic [GO:0015979] electron transport chain [GO:0022900], recorded per unit leaf [PO:0025034] area [PATO:0001323] and measured at 25 Celsius. The value is a model parameter [STATO:0000034] derived from the portion of the photosynthesis A-ci response curve at high carbon dioxide concentrations where ATP and NADPH production by the light reactions [GO:0019684] limits the rate of carboxylation [MOP:0000591].
The maximum potential photosynthetic electron transport rate, measured at 25 Celsius and recorded per unit leaf area. This is a model-derived value, calculated from the portion of an A-ci response curve (curve showing the photosynthetic response to increasing carbon dioxide concentrations) at high carbon dioxide concentrations. This is the portion of the curve where the photosynthetic rate is limited by the rate of ATP and NADPH production by the light reactions.
comments
This trait is explicitly for Jmax per leaf area measurements made at a temperature of 25 deg C. Measurements made at other temperatures should be mapped to leaf_photosynthesis_Jmax_per_area
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/m2/s
micromole per square metre second
minAllowedValue
35
maxAllowedValue
800
has broader
photosystem performance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
model parameter
enzyme activity
rate
per unit area
keyword
carboxylation
photosynthesis
Models, Theoretical
biochemical reaction
carbon dioxide
has exact match
Leaf electron transport rate
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis electron transport capacity (Jmax) per leaf area (Farquhar model) [TRY:269] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Farquhar 1980
Medlyn 2002
Evans 2010
Ely 2021
Von Caemmerer 2000
date created
2023-03-29”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
Jmax_per_area; leaf_fluorescence_Jmax_per_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020411

Leaf Jmax per unit leaf mass (Jmax)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020412
preferred label
Leaf Jmax per unit leaf mass (Jmax)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthesis_Jmax_per_mass
description
Maximum [NCIT:C25564] electron transport [MESH:D004579] rate [PATO:0000161] through the photosynthetic [GO:0015979] electron transport chain [GO:0022900], recorded per unit leaf [PO:0025034] mass [PATO:0000125]. The value is a model parameter [STATO:0000034] derived from the portion of the photosynthesis A-ci response curve at high carbon dioxide concentrations where ATP and NADPH production by the light reactions [GO:0019684] limits the rate of carboxylation [MOP:0000591].
The maximum potential photosynthetic electron transport rate, recorded per unit leaf mass. This is a model-derived value, calculated from the portion of an A-ci response curve (curve showing the photosynthetic response to increasing carbon dioxide concentrations) at high carbon dioxide concentrations. This is the portion of the curve where the photosynthetic rate is limited by the rate of ATP and NADPH production by the light reactions.
comments
Jmax values are very dependent on leaf temperature, so leaf temperature needs to be included as a context property.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/g/s
micromole per gram second
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
3
has broader
photosystem performance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
model parameter
enzyme activity
rate
keyword
carboxylation
photosynthesis
Models, Theoretical
biochemical reaction
carbon dioxide
has close match
Leaf electron transport rate
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis electron transport capacity (Jmax) per leaf area (Farquhar model) [TRY:269] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Farquhar 1980
Evans 2010
Ely 2021
Von Caemmerer 2000
date created
2023-03-29”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020412

Leaf Vcmax per unit leaf area (Vcmax)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020413
preferred label
Leaf Vcmax per unit leaf area (Vcmax)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthesis_Vcmax_per_area
description
Maximum [NCIT:C25564] carboxylation [MOP:0000591] rate [PATO:0000161] by the Rubisco complex [GO:0048492] in plant leaves [PO:0025034], recorded per unit leaf [PO:0025034] area [PATO:0001323]. The value is a model parameter [STATO:0000034] derived from the initial slope of a photosynthesis [GO:0015979] A-ci response curve, the component that is carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526] limited and hence limited by Rubisco activity.
The apparent maximum rate of Rubisco (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) activity carboxylase activity (carboxylation capacity), recorded per unit leaf dry mass. This is a model-derived value, calculated from the portion of an A-ci response curve (curve showing the photosynthetic response to increasing carbon dioxide concentrations) at low carbon dioxide concentrations. This is the portion of the curve where the photosynthetic rate is limited by the Rubisco activity.
comments
This trait is explicitly for Vcmax per leaf area measurements made at a temperature other than 25 deg C. It is essential to record measurement temperature as a context property as Vcmax is very sensitive to changes in temperature. Measurements made at 25 deg C should be mapped to leaf_photosynthesis_Vcmax_per_area_25C
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/m2/s
micromole per square metre second
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
300
has broader
photosystem performance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
model parameter
enzyme activity
rate
per unit area
keyword
carboxylation
photosynthesis
Models, Theoretical
biochemical reaction
photosynthesis, dark reaction
rubisco complex, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase complex
carbon dioxide
has exact match
Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis carboxylation capacity (Vcmax) per leaf area (Farquhar model) [TRY:186] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Farquhar 1980
Medlyn 2002
Evans 2010
Ely 2021
Ellsworth 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
Vcmax_per_area; leaf_fluorescence_Vcmax_per_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020413

Leaf Vcmax per unit leaf area at 25 deg C (Vcmax25)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020414
preferred label
Leaf Vcmax per unit leaf area at 25 deg C (Vcmax25)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthesis_Vcmax_per_area_25C
description
Maximum [NCIT:C25564] carboxylation [MOP:0000591] rate [PATO:0000161] by the Rubisco complex [GO:0048492] in plant leaves [PO:0025034], recorded per unit leaf [PO:0025034] area [PATO:0001323] and measured at 25 Celsius. The value is a model parameter [STATO:0000034] derived from the initial slope of a photosynthesis [GO:0015979] A-ci response curve, the component that is carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526] limited and hence limited by Rubisco activity.
The apparent maximum rate of Rubisco (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) activity carboxylase activity (carboxylation capacity), measured at 25 Celsius and recorded per unit leaf area. This is a model-derived value, calculated from the portion of an A-ci response curve (curve showing the photosynthetic response to increasing carbon dioxide concentrations) at low carbon dioxide concentrations. This is the portion of the curve where the photosynthetic rate is limited by the Rubisco activity.
comments
This trait is explicitly for Vcmax per leaf area measurements made at a temperature of 25 deg C. Measurements made at other temperatures should be mapped to leaf_photosynthesis_Vcmax_per_area
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/m2/s
micromole per square metre second
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
300
has broader
photosystem performance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
model parameter
enzyme activity
rate
per unit area
keyword
carboxylation
photosynthesis
Models, Theoretical
biochemical reaction
photosynthesis, dark reaction
rubisco complex, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase complex
carbon dioxide
has exact match
Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis carboxylation capacity (Vcmax) per leaf area (Farquhar model) [TRY:186] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Farquhar 1980
Medlyn 2002
Evans 2010
Ely 2021
Ellsworth 2022
date created
2023-03-29”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
Vcmax_per_area; leaf_fluorescence_Vcmax_per_area
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020414

Leaf Vcmax per unit leaf mass (Vcmax)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020415
preferred label
Leaf Vcmax per unit leaf mass (Vcmax)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthesis_Vcmax_per_mass
description
Maximum [NCIT:C25564] carboxylation [MOP:0000591] rate [PATO:0000161] by the Rubisco complex [GO:0048492] in plant leaves [PO:0025034], recorded per unit leaf [PO:0025034] mass [PATO:0000125]. The value is a model parameter [STATO:0000034] derived from the initial slope of a photosynthesis [GO:0015979] A-ci response curve, the component that is carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526] limited and hence limited by Rubisco activity.
The apparent maximum rate of Rubisco (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) activity carboxylase activity (carboxylation capacity), recorded per unit leaf mass. This is a model-derived value, calculated from the portion of an A-ci response curve (curve showing the photosynthetic response to increasing carbon dioxide concentrations) at low carbon dioxide concentrations. This is the portion of the curve where the photosynthetic rate is limited by the Rubisco activity.
comments
Vcmax values are very dependent on leaf temperature, so leaf temperature needs to be included as a context property.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/g/s
micromole per gram second
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
2
has broader
photosystem performance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
model parameter
enzyme activity
rate
keyword
carboxylation
photosynthesis
Models, Theoretical
biochemical reaction
photosynthesis, dark reaction
rubisco complex, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase complex
carbon dioxide
has close match
Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis carboxylation capacity (Vcmax) per leaf area (Farquhar model) [TRY:186] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Farquhar 1980
Medlyn 2002
Evans 2010
Ely 2021
Ellsworth 2022
date created
2023-03-29”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020415

Leaf Jmax to leaf Vcmax ratio at 25 deg C

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020416
preferred label
Leaf Jmax to leaf Vcmax ratio at 25 deg C
alternative label
leaf_photosynthesis_Jmax_over_Vcmax_25C
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of a leaf’s [PO:0025034] maximum [NCIT:C25564] electron transport [MESH:D004579] rate [PATO:0000161] to its maximum carboxylation [MOP:0000591] rate, reflecting the trade-off between photosynthetic gain and costs of excess energy dissipation, with the ratio affected by temperature, photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] (light), and carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526] concentration. These are both model parameters [STATO:0000034] derived from a photosynthesis [GO:0015979] A-ci response curve.
Ratio of photosynthetic electron transport capacity (Jmax) to maximum Rubisco activity (carboxylation capacity) (Vcmax). These are model-derived parameters, calculated from an A-ci response curve, reflecting, respectively the component of the curve where photosynthetic rates are limited by the light reactions versus low carbon dioxide concentrations.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
5
has broader
photosystem performance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
model parameter
enzyme activity
rate
dimensionless ratio
keyword
carboxylation
photosynthesis
Models, Theoretical
biochemical reaction
photosynthesis, dark reaction
rubisco complex, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase complex
carbon dioxide
electron transport chain
references
Farquhar 1980
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
fluorescence_Jmax_over_Vcmax; leaf_fluorescence_Jmax_over_Vcmax
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020416

Leaf maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020417
preferred label
Leaf maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm)
alternative label
leaf_fluorescence_fv_over_fm
description
Maximum [NCIT:C25564] quantum yield [TO:0012004] of photosystem II [GO:0009539], as determined through chlorophyll fluorescence [GO:0090546]. Quantum yield is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of photons [NCIT:C88112] absorbed to photons emitted [SIO:000384] through fluorescence.
A trait that indicates the health of photosystem II in a dark adapted leaf. Quantum yield is calculated as the ratio of variable fluorescence (Fv) to maximum fluorescence (Fm), with a higher value indicating a healthier leaf. Variable fluorescence (Fv) is calculated as the difference in fluorescence between a leaf where all photsystems have been saturated by light (Fm) and a leaf in a dark-adapted state (minimum fluorescence; Fo).
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0.2
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
photosystem performance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
enzyme activity
rate
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
keyword
quantum yield
chlorophyll fluorescence
biochemical reaction
photosystem II reaction center
photosynthesis, light reaction
electron transport chain
has close match
continuous fluorescence yield
Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis: quantum efficiency of photosystem II (maximum potential, FvFm) [TRY:3393] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Maxwell & Johnson 2000
Long 1993
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020417

Leaf ambient quantum yield

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020418
preferred label
Leaf ambient quantum yield
alternative label
leaf_fluorescence_quantum_yield
description
Ambient quantum yield [TO:0012004] of photosystem II [GO:0009539], as determined through chlorophyll fluorescence [GO:0090546]. Quantum yield is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of photons [NCIT:C88112] absorbed to photons emitted [SIO:000384] through fluorescence.
A trait that indicates the health of photosystem II in a light adapted leaf. Quantum yield is calculated as the ratio of (maximum fluorescence under ambient conditions)-(fluorescence under ambient conditions)/(maximum fluorescence under ambient conditions).
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
photosystem performance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
enzyme activity
rate
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
keyword
quantum yield
chlorophyll fluorescence
biochemical reaction
photosystem II reaction center
photosynthesis, light reaction
electron transport chain
has close match
continuous fluorescence yield
Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis: quantum efficiency of photosystem II (maximum potential, FvFm) [TRY:3393] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Maxwell & Johnson 2000
Long 1993
date created
2023-03-29”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020418

Leaf quantum yield, gas exchange measurement

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020419
preferred label
Leaf quantum yield, gas exchange measurement
alternative label
leaf_gas_exchange_quantum_yield
description
Ambient quantum yield [TO:0012004] of photosystem II [GO:0009539], as determined through gas exchange measurements. Quantum yield is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of photons [NCIT:C88112] absorbed to photons emitted [SIO:000384] through fluorescence.
Ambient quantum yield of photosystem II, as determined through gas exchange measurements. Quantum yield is the ratio of photons absorbed to photons emitted through fluorescence.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
photosystem performance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
enzyme activity
rate
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
keyword
quantum yield
chlorophyll fluorescence
biochemical reaction
photosystem II reaction center
photosynthesis, light reaction
electron transport chain
has exact match
quantum yield determined by the light curve
references
Singsaas 2001
date created
2023-04-21”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020419

Leaf heat tolerance maximum critical temperature (Tcrit-cold or Tcrit-min)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020420
preferred label
Leaf heat tolerance maximum critical temperature (Tcrit-cold or Tcrit-min)
alternative label
leaf_critical_temperature_minimum
description
A temperature stress response trait [TO:0000432] which is the temperature [PATO:0000146] threshold at which photosystem II [GO:0009539] begins to become inactive [PATO:0002355] as the leaf temperature decreases (is cooled) [PATO:0001306]. This is a modelled parameter [STATO:0000034] derived from the inflection point on a temperature - basal chlorophyll A fluorescence [GO:0090546] curve.
The temperature threshold at which photosystem II begins to become inactive as the leaf temperature decreases. This is a modelled parameter derived from the inflection point on a temperature - basal chlorophyll A fluorescence curve.
value type
continuous variable
unit
C
minAllowedValue
-50
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
photosystem performance trait
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
temperature
minimum
keyword
photosystem II reaction center
model parameter
chlorophyll fluorescence
temperature stress response trait
references
Arnold 2021
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020420

Leaf heat tolerance minimum critical temperature (Tcrit-hot or Tcrit-max)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020421
preferred label
Leaf heat tolerance minimum critical temperature (Tcrit-hot or Tcrit-max)
alternative label
leaf_critical_temperature_maximum
description
A temperature stress response trait [TO:0000432] which is the temperature [PATO:0000146] threshold at which photosystem II [GO:0009539] begins to become inactive [PATO:0002355] as the leaf temperature increases (is heated) [PATO:0001305]. This is a modelled parameter [STATO:0000034] derived from the inflection point on a temperature - basal chlorophyll A fluorescence [GO:0090546] curve.
The temperature threshold at which photosystem II begins to become inactive as the leaf temperature increases. This is a modelled parameter derived from the inflection point on a temperature - basal chlorophyll A fluorescence curve.
value type
continuous variable
unit
C
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
photosystem performance trait
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
temperature
maximum
keyword
photosystem II reaction center
model parameter
chlorophyll fluorescence
temperature stress response trait
references
Arnold 2021
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020421

Leaf heat tolerance maximum temperature (Tmax-hot)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020422
preferred label
Leaf heat tolerance maximum temperature (Tmax-hot)
alternative label
leaf_maximum_temperature
description
A temperature stress response trait [TO:0000432] which is the temperature [PATO:0000146] at maximum [NCIT:C25564] chlorophyll fluorescence (F0) [GO:0090546] as the leaf temperature increases (is heated) [PATO:0001305] which corresponds to potential sustained damage to the photosynthetic apparatus. This is a modelled parameter [STATO:0000034] derived from a temperature - basal chlorophyll A fluorescence [GO:0090546] curve.
The temperature at maximum chlorophyll fluorescence (F0) as the leaf temperature increases (is heated), which corresponds to potential sustained damage to the photosynthetic apparatus. This is a modelled parameter derived from a temperature - basal chlorophyll A fluorescence curve.
value type
continuous variable
unit
C
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
photosystem performance trait
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
temperature
maximum
keyword
photosystem II reaction center
model parameter
chlorophyll fluorescence
temperature stress response trait
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020422

Leaf ice nucleation temperature

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020423
preferred label
Leaf ice nucleation temperature
alternative label
leaf_ice_nucleation_temperature
description
A temperature stress response trait [TO:0000432] which is the temperature [PATO:0000146] at which ice [ENVO:01001125] crystals [ENVO:01000845] begin to form inside plant tissues [CARO:0000043].
The temperature at which ice crystals begin to form inside plant tissues.
value type
continuous variable
unit
C
minAllowedValue
-40
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
temperature
keyword
ice
leaf lamina
temperature stress response trait
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020423

Leaf respiration rate per unit leaf area, in the dark (Rdark)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020510
preferred label
Leaf respiration rate per unit leaf area, in the dark (Rdark)
alternative label
leaf_dark_respiration_per_area
description
The cellular respiration [GO:0045333] rate [PATO:0000161] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] in the dark (absence of any photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864]), recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The respiration rate of a leaf in the dark (absence of photosynthetically active radiation), calculated as the production of CO2 per unit leaf area.
comments
Respiration is heavily temperature dependent and the measurement temperature should be specified in the methods or as a context property.
value type
continuous variable
unit
nmol{CO2}/m2/s
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
15000
has broader
respiration rate trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
per unit area
ratio; proportion
rate
keyword
cellular respiration
carbon dioxide
dark
biochemical reaction
has related match
respiration rate
examples
exact match: Leaf dark respiration rate per leaf area [TOP361] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf respiration rate in the dark per leaf area [TRY:54] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020510

Leaf respiration rate per unit leaf dry mass, in the dark (Rdark)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020511
preferred label
Leaf respiration rate per unit leaf dry mass, in the dark (Rdark)
alternative label
leaf_dark_respiration_per_dry_mass
description
The cellular respiration [GO:0045333] rate [PATO:0000161] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] in the dark (absence of any photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864]), recorded per unit leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The respiration rate of a leaf in the dark (absence of photosynthetically active radiation), calculated as the production of CO2 per unit leaf dry mass.
comments
Respiration is heavily temperature dependent and the measurement temperature should be specified in the methods or as a context property.
value type
continuous variable
unit
nmol{CO2}/g/s
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
respiration rate trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
ratio; proportion
rate
keyword
cellular respiration
carbon dioxide
dark
biochemical reaction
has related match
respiration rate
examples
exact match: Leaf dark respiration rate per leaf dry mass [TOP362] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf respiration rate in the dark per leaf dry mass [TRY:41] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020511

Leaf respiration rate per unit leaf area, in the light (Rday)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020512
preferred label
Leaf respiration rate per unit leaf area, in the light (Rday)
alternative label
leaf_light_respiration_per_area
description
The cellular respiration [GO:0045333] rate [PATO:0000161] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] exposed to ambient [NCIT:C62306] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] levels, recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The respiration rate of a leaf in ambient light (ambient photosynthetically active radiation), calculated as the production of CO2 per unit leaf area.
comments
Respiration is heavily temperature dependent and the measurement temperature should be specified in the methods or as a context property.
value type
continuous variable
unit
nmol{CO2}/m2/s
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
respiration rate trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
per unit area
ratio; proportion
rate
keyword
cellular respiration
carbon dioxide
biochemical reaction
has related match
respiration rate
examples
exact match: Leaf respiration rate in light per leaf area [TRY:512] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020512

Stem respiration rate per unit stem area, in the dark

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020513
preferred label
Stem respiration rate per unit stem area, in the dark
alternative label
stem_dark_respiration_per_area
description
The cellular respiration [GO:0045333] rate [PATO:0000161] of plant stems [PO:0009047] in the dark (absence of any photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864]), recorded per unit stem area [PATO:0001323].
The respiration rate of a stem in the dark (absence of photosynthetically active radiation), calculated as the production of CO2 per unit stem area.
comments
Respiration is heavily temperature dependent and the measurement temperature should be specified in the methods or as a context property.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/m2/s
micromole per square metre second
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
respiration rate trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
reaction rate
ratio; proportion
rate
keyword
cellular respiration
carbon dioxide
dark
biochemical reaction
has related match
respiration rate
examples
exact match: Stem respiration rate per stem dry mass [TRY:519] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
stem_respiration_per_dry_mass
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020513

Leaf stomatal conductance to water vapour per unit leaf area under ambient conditions (gsw)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020610
preferred label
Leaf stomatal conductance to water vapour per unit leaf area under ambient conditions (gsw)
alternative label
leaf_stomatal_conductance_per_area_ambient
description
The stomatal conductance [EnvThes:21211] to water vapour of plant leaves [PO:0025034] exposed to ambient [NCIT:C62306] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] levels and ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323]. Stomatal conductance is the rate [PATO:0000161] of gaseous [MESH:D005740] water [CHEBI:15377] diffusion [NCIT:C82333] through stomata [PO:0008032].
The rate of gaseous water diffusion through stomata in a leaf exposed to ambient light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations, recorded per unit leaf area.
comments
Stomatal conductance refers to both the rate of water vapour diffusion exiting the leaf and carbon dioxide diffusion entering the leaf, but is reported here as the rate of water exiting the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{H2O}/m2/s
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
gas exchange trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit area
ratio; proportion
rate
keyword
stomatal conductance
water
stomata; stomatal pore
diffusion
ambient photosynthetic rate
has exact match
Stomatal conductance to CO2
has close match
stomatal conductance
examples
exact match: Stomatal conductance for h2o [TOP368] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Stomata conductance per leaf area [TRY:45] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf stomatal conductance for H2O per leaf area [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
stomatal_conductance_per_area_ambient
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020610

Leaf stomatal conductance to water vapour per unit leaf area during Amax measurement (gsw)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020611
preferred label
Leaf stomatal conductance to water vapour per unit leaf area during Amax measurement (gsw)
alternative label
leaf_stomatal_conductance_per_area_at_Amax
description
The stomatal conductance [EnvThes:21211] to water vapour of plant leaves [PO:0025034] whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are exposed to saturating [NCIT:C61427] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and saturating atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323]. Stomatal conductance is the rate [PATO:0000161] of gaseous [MESH:D005740] water [CHEBI:15377] diffusion [NCIT:C82333] through stomata [PO:0008032].
The rate of gaseous water diffusion through stomata in a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and saturating carbon dioxide concentrations, recorded per unit leaf area.
comments
Stomatal conductance refers to both the rate of water vapour diffusion exiting the leaf and carbon dioxide diffusion entering the leaf, but is reported here as the rate of water exiting the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{H2O}/m2/s
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
gas exchange trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit area
ratio; proportion
rate
keyword
stomatal conductance
water
stomata; stomatal pore
diffusion
maximum photosynthetic rate, Amax
has exact match
Stomatal conductance to water vapour
has close match
stomatal conductance
examples
exact match: Stomatal conductance for h2o [TOP368] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Stomata conductance per leaf area [TRY:45] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf stomatal conductance for H2O per leaf area [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
stomatal_conductance_per_area_at_Amax
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020611

Leaf stomatal conductance to water vapour per unit leaf area during Asat measurement (gsw)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020612
preferred label
Leaf stomatal conductance to water vapour per unit leaf area during Asat measurement (gsw)
alternative label
leaf_stomatal_conductance_per_area_at_Asat
description
The stomatal conductance [EnvThes:21211] to water vapour of plant leaves [PO:0025034] whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are exposed to saturating [NCIT:C61427] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323]. Stomatal conductance is the rate [PATO:0000161] of gaseous [MESH:D005740] water [CHEBI:15377] diffusion [NCIT:C82333] through stomata [PO:0008032].
The rate of gaseous water diffusion through stomata in a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations, recorded per unit leaf area.
comments
Stomatal conductance refers to both the rate of water vapour diffusion exiting the leaf and carbon dioxide diffusion entering the leaf, but is reported here as the rate of water exiting the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{H2O}/m2/s
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
gas exchange trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit area
ratio; proportion
rate
keyword
stomatal conductance
water
stomata; stomatal pore
diffusion
saturated photosynthetic rate, Asat
has exact match
Stomatal conductance to CO2
has close match
stomatal conductance
examples
exact match: Stomatal conductance for h2o [TOP368] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Stomata conductance per leaf area [TRY:45] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf stomatal conductance for H2O per leaf area [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
stomatal_conductance_per_area_at_Asat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020612

Leaf stomatal water vapour resistance under ambient conditions

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020630
preferred label
Leaf stomatal water vapour resistance under ambient conditions
alternative label
leaf_stomatal_resistance_ambient
description
The stomatal [PO:0008032] water vapour resistance [SWEET:propConductivity/Resistance] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] exposed to ambient [NCIT:C62306] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] levels and ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323]. Stomatal resistance is the resistance to the diffusion [NCIT:C82333] of carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526] through stomata.
Leaf stomatal water vapour resistance under ambient light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations.
comments
Stomatal resistance is the inverse of leaf stomatal conductance and is regularly used in environmental models and meteorology. An equation converts between stomatal resistance in distance units and stomatal conductance in molar units obtained through gas exchange readings (‘Plants and Microclimate’ by H.G. Jones (1992), page 55 and Appendix 3; ‘Elevated Carbon Dioxide Impacts on Soil and Plant Water Relations’ by M.B. Kirkham (2011), page 149).
value type
continuous variable
unit
s/m
minAllowedValue
10
maxAllowedValue
1000000
has broader
gas exchange trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
conductivity
rate
resistance
keyword
stomata; stomatal pore
atmospheric carbon dioxide
water
stomatal conductance
diffusion
ambient photosynthetic rate
has close match
stomatal resistance
examples
related match: Stomatal conductance for h2o [TOP368] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
related match: Leaf water storage transfer resistance [TRY:714] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Jones 1992
Kirkham 2016
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
stomatal_resistance_conductance_ambient
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020630

Leaf mesophyll conductance to carbon dioxide per unit leaf area (gm)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020640
preferred label
Leaf mesophyll conductance to carbon dioxide per unit leaf area (gm)
alternative label
leaf_mesophyll_conductance_per_area
description
The diffusion [NCIT:C82333] rate [PATO:0000161] of carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526] in plant leaves [PO:0025034] from intercellular spaces [PO:0025379] to chloroplasts [GO:0009507], recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323].
The rate of carbon dioxide movement between sub-stomatal cavities (intracellular space) and chloroplasts, per unit leaf area
value type
continuous variable
unit
mol{CO2}/m2/s
mole per square metre second
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
gas exchange trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit area
ratio; proportion
rate
keyword
carbon dioxide
intercellular space
chloroplast
diffusion
mesophyll
airway conductance
examples
exact match: Leaf mesophyll conductance [TRY:964] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Ely 2021
Flexas 2012
Evans 2009
Warren 2006
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020640

Leaf mesophyll conductance to carbon dioxide per unit leaf mass (gm)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020641
preferred label
Leaf mesophyll conductance to carbon dioxide per unit leaf mass (gm)
alternative label
leaf_mesophyll_conductance_per_mass
description
The diffusion [NCIT:C82333] rate [PATO:0000161] of carbon dioxide [CHEBI:16526] in plant leaves [PO:0025034] from intercellular spaces [PO:0025379] to chloroplasts [GO:0009507], recorded per unit leaf dry mass [TO:0001014].
The rate of carbon dioxide movement between sub-stomatal cavities (intracellular space) and chloroplasts, per unit leaf mass
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{CO2}/g/s
millimole per gram second
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
gas exchange trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
conductivity
ratio; proportion
rate
keyword
carbon dioxide
intercellular space
chloroplast
diffusion
mesophyll
airway conductance
examples
exact match: Leaf mesophyll conductance [TRY:964] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Ely 2021
Flexas 2012
Evans 2009
Warren 2006
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020641

Leaf transpiration per unit leaf area under ambient conditions (E)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020660
preferred label
Leaf transpiration per unit leaf area under ambient conditions (E)
alternative label
leaf_transpiration_per_area_ambient
description
The transpiration [ENVO:02500035] rate [PATO:0000161] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] exposed to ambient [NCIT:C62306] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] levels and ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323]. Transpiration rate is the rate at which plants lose water [CHEBI:15377] vapor [NCIT:C63390] through their stomata [PO:0008032].
The rate of water loss from a leaf exposed to ambient light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations, recorded per unit leaf area.
comments
This trait assumes measurements were made on a leaf under changer conditions. Commercial gas exchange systems create wind inside the chamber to measure transpiration, which means transpiration inside chambers is not the same as transpiration with no chamber involved.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{H2O}/m2/s
micromole per square metre second
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
transpiration rate trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
rate
ratio; proportion
keyword
transpiration
water
stomata; stomatal pore
vapor
ambient photosynthetic rate
has close match
Transpiration rate
transpiration rate
examples
exact match: Leaf transpiration rate per leaf area [TRY:111] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: Photosynthesis A/Ci curve: transpiration rate per leaf area [TRY:3367] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
leaf_transpiration
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020660

Leaf transpiration per unit leaf area during Amax measurement (E)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020661
preferred label
Leaf transpiration per unit leaf area during Amax measurement (E)
alternative label
leaf_transpiration_per_area_at_Amax
description
The transpiration [ENVO:02500035] rate [PATO:0000161] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are exposed to saturating [NCIT:C61427] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and saturating atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323]. Transpiration rate is the rate at which plants lose water [CHEBI:15377] vapor [NCIT:C63390] through their stomata [PO:0008032].
The rate of water loss from a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and saturating carbon dioxide concentrations, recorded per unit leaf area.
comments
This trait assumes measurements were made on a leaf under changer conditions. Commercial gas exchange systems create wind inside the chamber to measure transpiration, which means transpiration inside chambers is not the same as transpiration with no chamber involved.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{H2O}/m2/s
micromole per square metre second
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
transpiration rate trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
rate
ratio; proportion
keyword
transpiration
water
stomata; stomatal pore
vapor
maximum photosynthetic rate, Amax
has close match
Transpiration rate
transpiration rate
examples
exact match: Leaf transpiration rate per leaf area [TRY:111] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: Photosynthesis A/Ci curve: transpiration rate per leaf area [TRY:3367] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
leaf_transpiration_at_Amax
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020661

Leaf transpiration per unit leaf area during Asat measurement (E)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020662
preferred label
Leaf transpiration per unit leaf area during Asat measurement (E)
alternative label
leaf_transpiration_per_area_at_Asat
description
The transpiration [ENVO:02500035] rate [PATO:0000161] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are exposed to saturating [NCIT:C61427] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323]. Transpiration rate is the rate at which plants lose water [CHEBI:15377] vapor [NCIT:C63390] through their stomata [PO:0008032].
The rate of water loss from a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations, recorded per unit leaf area.
comments
This trait assumes measurements were made on a leaf under changer conditions. Commercial gas exchange systems create wind inside the chamber to measure transpiration, which means transpiration inside chambers is not the same as transpiration with no chamber involved.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{H2O}/m2/s
micromole per square metre second
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
transpiration rate trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
rate
ratio; proportion
keyword
transpiration
water
stomata; stomatal pore
vapor
saturated photosynthetic rate, Asat
has close match
Transpiration rate
transpiration rate
examples
exact match: Leaf transpiration rate per leaf area [TRY:111] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
related match: Photosynthesis A/Ci curve: transpiration rate per leaf area [TRY:3367] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
leaf_transpiration_at_Asat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020662

Leaf transpiration rate per unit leaf area, in the dark

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020663
preferred label
Leaf transpiration rate per unit leaf area, in the dark
alternative label
leaf_dark_transpiration_per_area
description
The transpiration [ENVO:02500035] rate [PATO:0000161] of plant leaves [PO:0025034] in the dark (absence of any photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864]) and exposed to ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033], recorded per unit leaf area [PATO:0001323]. Transpiration rate is the rate at which plants lose water [CHEBI:15377] vapor [NCIT:C63390] through their stomata [PO:0008032].
The rate of water loss from a leaf in the dark (no photosynthetically active radiation) and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations, recorded per unit leaf area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{H2O}/m2/s
micromole per square metre second
minAllowedValue
0.0001
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
transpiration rate trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
rate
ratio; proportion
keyword
transpiration
water
stomata; stomatal pore
vapor
dark
examples
exact match: Leaf transpiration rate at nighttime [TRY:1267] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020663

Integrated plant transpiration

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020664
preferred label
Integrated plant transpiration
alternative label
integrated_plant_transpiration
description
Rate [PATO:0000161] of water [CHEBI:15377] loss integrated across an entire plant [PO:0000003], recorded per unit leaf [PO:0025034] area [PATO:0001323] and measured across a duration [PATO:0001309] of at least one day.
The rate of water loss integrated across an entire plant, as calculated across longer periods of time under experimental conditions, recorded per unit leaf area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/cm2{leaf}/d
gram per square centimetre day
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
transpiration rate trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
rate
ratio; proportion
duration
keyword
transpiration
water
stomata; stomatal pore
vapor
has exact match
plant transpiration
examples
exact match: Crown (canopy) transpiration [TRY:749] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
whole_plant_transpiration
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020664

Whole plant sapflow

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020665
preferred label
Whole plant sapflow
alternative label
whole_plant_sapflow
description
Rate [PATO:0000161] of water [CHEBI:15377] flow (velocity [PATO:0002242]) through a plant stem [PO:0009047], recorded per unit leaf [PO:0025034] area [PATO:0001323].
The rate of water flow (velocity) through a plant stem, recorded per unit leaf area.
value type
continuous variable
unit
m3{H20}/m2{sapwood}/h
cubic metre per hour square metre
has broader
transpiration rate trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
rate
ratio; proportion
velocity
keyword
transpiration
water
stomata; stomatal pore
has exact match
sap flow
examples
exact match: Stem sap flow rate [TRY:3796] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
O’Grady 2010
McElrone & Bleby 2010
date created
2023-05-22”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020665

Leaf cuticular conductance

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020666
preferred label
Leaf cuticular conductance
alternative label
leaf_cuticular_conductance
description
A leaf [PO:0025034] water transport [GO:0006833] trait which is a measure of the rate [PATO:0000161] of water [CHEBI:15377] movement [NCIT:C37994] (conductance) out of a leaf through the cuticle [PO:0000022].
The rate of water movement (conductance) out of a leaf through its cuticle.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol{H2O}/m2/s
minAllowedValue
-100
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
gas exchange trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit area
ratio; proportion
rate
keyword
water transport
water
plant cuticle
leaf lamina
examples
exact match: Leaf cuticular conductance [TRY:709] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020666

Leaf conductance to surface water (ksurf)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020667
preferred label
Leaf conductance to surface water (ksurf)
alternative label
leaf_conductance_surface_water
description
A leaf [PO:0025034] water transport [GO:0006833] trait which is a measure of the rate [PATO:0000161] of water [CHEBI:15377] movement [NCIT:C37994] (conductance) from a leaf lamina [PO:0020039] to the inside of the leaf.
The rate of water movement (conductance) from a leaf lamina to the inside of the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{H2O}/m2/MPa/s
minAllowedValue
-100
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
gas exchange trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit area
ratio; proportion
rate
keyword
water transport
stomatal conductance
stomata; stomatal pore
water
leaf lamina
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020667

Leaf foliar water uptake

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020668
preferred label
Leaf foliar water uptake
alternative label
leaf_foliar_water_uptake_rate
description
A leaf [PO:0025034] water transport [GO:0006833] trait which is the amount of water [CHEBI:15377] that moves [NCIT:C37994] from a leaf lamina [PO:0020039] to the inside of the leaf.
The amount of water that moves from a leaf lamina to the inside of the leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mol{H2O}/m2
minAllowedValue
-10
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
gas exchange trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
per unit area
ratio; proportion
conductivity
keyword
water transport
water
leaf lamina
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020668

Leaf photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency during Amax measurement (PNUE)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020710
preferred label
Leaf photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency during Amax measurement (PNUE)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthetic_nitrogen_use_efficiency_maximum
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of a leaf’s [PO:0025034] photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] to its nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] content, where photosynthesis is measured in plant leaves whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are exposed to saturating [NCIT:C61427] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and saturating atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033].
The ratio of photosynthesis (CO2 assimilation rate) to leaf nitrogen content, where photosynthesis has been measured in a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and saturating carbon dioxide concentrations; PNUE.
comments
Leaf nitrogen content and photosynthetic rate can be record either per unit leaf area or per unit leaf mass, but both must have the same denominator.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/g{N}/s
micromole per gram second
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
gas exchange trait
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
mass
ratio; proportion
rate
efficiency
keyword
photosynthetic rate
nitrogen atom
biochemical reaction
maximum photosynthetic rate, Amax
has close match
nitrogen use efficiency
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis rate per leaf nitrogen (N) content (photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency, PNUE) [TRY:135] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Field & Mooney 1986
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020710

Leaf photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency during Asat measurement (PNUE)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020711
preferred label
Leaf photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency during Asat measurement (PNUE)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthetic_nitrogen_use_efficiency_saturated
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of a leaf’s [PO:0025034] photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] to its nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] content, with the photosynthesis measurements made on leaves which are saturated [NCIT:C61427] by photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and which are exposed to ambient [NCIT:C62306] atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033].
The ratio of photosynthesis (CO2 assimilation rate) to leaf nitrogen content, where photosynthesis has been measured in a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations; PNUE.
comments
Leaf nitrogen content and photosynthetic rate can be record either per unit leaf area or per unit leaf mass, but both must have the same denominator.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/g{N}/s
micromole per gram second
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
gas exchange trait
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
mass
ratio; proportion
rate
efficiency
keyword
photosynthetic rate
nitrogen atom
biochemical reaction
saturated photosynthetic rate, Asat
has close match
nitrogen use efficiency
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis rate per leaf nitrogen (N) content (photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency, PNUE) [TRY:135] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Field & Mooney 1986
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020711

Leaf photosynthetic phosphorus use efficiency during Amax measurement PPUE)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020712
preferred label
Leaf photosynthetic phosphorus use efficiency during Amax measurement PPUE)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthetic_phosphorus_use_efficiency_maximum
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of a leaf’s [PO:0025034] photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] to its phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] content, where photosynthesis is measured in plant leaves whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are exposed to saturating [NCIT:C61427] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and saturating atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033].
The ratio of photosynthesis (CO2 assimilation rate) to leaf phosphorus content, where photosynthesis has been measured in a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and saturating carbon dioxide concentrations; PPUE.
comments
Leaf phosphorus content and photosynthetic rate can be record either per unit leaf area or per unit leaf mass, but both must have the same denominator.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/g{P}/s
micromole per gram second
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
gas exchange trait
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
mass
ratio; proportion
rate
efficiency
keyword
photosynthetic rate
phosphorus atom
biochemical reaction
maximum photosynthetic rate, Amax
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020712

Leaf photosynthetic phosphorus use efficiency during Asat measurement (PPUE)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020713
preferred label
Leaf photosynthetic phosphorus use efficiency during Asat measurement (PPUE)
alternative label
leaf_photosynthetic_phosphorus_use_efficiency_saturated
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of a leaf’s [PO:0025034] photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] to its phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] content, with the photosynthesis measurements made on leaves which are saturated [NCIT:C61427] by photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and which are exposed to ambient [NCIT:C62306] atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033].
The ratio of photosynthesis (CO2 assimilation rate) to leaf phosphorus content, where photosynthesis has been measured in a leaf exposed to saturating light (photosynthetically active radiation) levels and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations; PPUE.
comments
Leaf phosphorus content and photosynthetic rate can be record either per unit leaf area or per unit leaf mass, but both must have the same denominator.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/g{P}/s
micromole per gram second
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
gas exchange trait
live leaf mineral and ion content trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
mass
ratio; proportion
rate
efficiency
keyword
photosynthetic rate
phosphorus atom
biochemical reaction
saturated photosynthetic rate, Asat
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020713

Integrated water use efficiency

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020760
preferred label
Integrated water use efficiency
alternative label
leaf_water_use_efficiency_integrated
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of biomass [ENVO:01000155] production [EnvThes:21071] (carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] fixation) to transpiration [ENVO:02500035] (water [CHEBI:15377] loss) across a given time interval [TimeInterval].
The rate of carbon dioxide fixation relative to water loss, calculated as biomass production / transpiration. This measures how much biomass is produced relative to transpiration across a given time interval, and is therefore an integrated measure of water use efficiency; WUE, transpiration ratio
value type
continuous variable
unit
g{biomass}/g{H2O}
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
50
has broader
gas exchange trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
ratio; proportion
rate
efficiency
keyword
water use efficiency
water
transpiration
growth
references
Jones 2009
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
water_use_efficiency_integrated
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020760

Intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020761
preferred label
Intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi)
alternative label
leaf_water_use_efficiency_intrinsic
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of a leaf’s [PO:0025034] photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] to its stomatal conductance [EnvThes:21211], with photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance determined by gas exchange measurements.
The ratio of photosynthetic rate (A; CO2 assimilation rate) to stomatal conductance (gs; gaseous diffusion), with photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance determined from gas exchange measurements.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/mmol{H2O}
micromole per millimole
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
2
has broader
gas exchange trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
ratio; proportion
rate
efficiency
keyword
photosynthetic rate
water use efficiency
water
stomatal conductance
has related match
Water use efficiency
Water use efficiency
water use efficiency
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis rate per stomatal conductance [TRY:3128] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Jones 2009
Ely 2021
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
water_use_efficiency_intrinsic
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020761

Instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020762
preferred label
Instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE)
alternative label
leaf_water_use_efficiency_instantaneous
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of a leaf’s [PO:0025034] photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] to its transpiration [ENVO:02500035] rate [PATO:0000161], with photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate determined by gas exchange measurements.
The ratio of photosynthetic rate (A; CO2 assimilation rate) to transpiration rate (E; water loss), with photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate determined from gas exchange measurements, inside a leaf chamber. This is usually called instantaneous water use efficiency, but can also be referred to as photosynthetic water use efficiency (PWUE) or transpiration efficiency.
value type
continuous variable
unit
umol{CO2}/mmol{H2O}
micromole per millimole
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
gas exchange trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
reaction rate
ratio; proportion
rate
efficiency
keyword
photosynthetic rate
water use efficiency
water
transpiration
has exact match
Water use efficiency
Water use efficiency
water use efficiency
examples
exact match: Photosynthesis rate per leaf transpiration (photosynthetic water use effinciency: WUE) [TRY:134] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Jones 2009
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Belinda Medlyn
David Ellsworth
change note
water_use_efficiency_photosynthetic; leaf_water_use_efficiency_photosynthetic
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020762

Photochemical reflectance index (PRI)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020813
preferred label
Photochemical reflectance index (PRI)
alternative label
leaf_photochemical_reflectance_index
description
A remote sensing [EnvThes:21762] index [NCIT:C25390] of the efficiency [PATO:0001029] with which a whole plant [PO:0000003] uses photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864], calculated from the reflectance [EnvThes:21580] of radiation [ENVO:01001023] off the plant canopy [ENVO:01001242] at 531 nm (a xanthophyll [CHEBI:27325] band) and 570 nm (a reference band): PRI = (R531 - R570) / (R531 + R570). It is recorded with a spectroradiometer [MOSAIC:00000974] and a higher value indicates a higher radiation use efficiency.
Photochemical reflectance index measures plant responses to stress and the efficiency with which it uses photosynthetically active radiation, by indicating changes in carotenoid pigments in live foliage. It is calculated from the reflectance of radiation off the plant canopy at 531 nm (a xanthophyll band) and 570 nm (a reference band): PRI = (R531 - R570) / (R531 + R570), with a higher value indicating higher radiation use efficiency.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
-1
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
photosystem performance trait
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
index
efficiency
reflectance
keyword
remote sensing
canopy
vegetation reflectance
radiation
photosynthetically active radiation
xanthophyll
Spectroradiometer
carotenoid
has exact match
photochemical reflectance index
references
Gamon 1997
Peñuelas 1997
Henrich & Brüser 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
leaf_PRI
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020813

Water band index

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020814
preferred label
Water band index
alternative label
leaf_water_band_index
description
A remote sensing [EnvThes:21762] index [NCIT:C25390] of whole plant [PO:0000003] water status, which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the reflectance [EnvThes:21580] of radiation [ENVO:01001023] off the plant canopy [ENVO:01001242] at 970 nm to the reflectance at 900 nm, recorded with a spectroradiometer [MOSAIC:00000974], where a higher value indicates a higher canopy water [CHEBI:15377] content.
Water band index measures whole plant water status. It is the ratio of the reflectance of radiation off the plant canopy at 970 nm to the reflectance at 900 nm; a higher value indicates a higher canopy water content.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1.1
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
index
reflectance
keyword
remote sensing
canopy
vegetation reflectance
radiation
vegetation
Spectroradiometer
water
references
Peñuelas 1997
Henrich & Brüser 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
water_band_index
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020814

Modified normalized difference vegetation index (modified NDVI)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020815
preferred label
Modified normalized difference vegetation index (modified NDVI)
alternative label
modified_NDVI
description
A remote sensing [EnvThes:21762] index [NCIT:C25390] of whole plant [PO:0000003] vegetation status, which is a ratio [PATO:0001470] that considers the relative reflectance [EnvThes:21580] of red light versus short-wave infrared radiation (SWIR) [ENVO:21001214] off the plant canopy [ENVO:01001242], where a higher value indicates greater vegetation health. The formula is: (SWIR - Red) / (SWIR + Red).
A remote sensing index of whole plant vegetation status, which is a ratio that considers the relative reflectance of red light versus short-wave infrared radiation (SWIR) off the plant canopy, where a higher value indicates greater vegetation health. The formula is: (SWIR - Red) / (SWIR + Red).
comments
Modified NDVI is generally measured from Landsat data.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
index
reflectance
keyword
remote sensing
canopy
vegetation reflectance
radiation
vegetation
infrared radiation
has exact match
normalized difference vegetation index
references
Jurgens 1997
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020815

Modified chlorophyll absorption ratio index 705

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020816
preferred label
Modified chlorophyll absorption ratio index 705
alternative label
leaf_chlorophyll_index_modified_ND705
description
A remote sensing [EnvThes:21762] index [NCIT:C25390] of chlorophyll [CHEBI:28966] absorption [SWEET:procWave/Absorption], which is a ratio [PATO:0001470] that considers the relative reflectance [EnvThes:21580] of different wavelengths off the plant canopy [ENVO:01001242], where a higher value indicates greater chlorophyll absorption. The formula is: (R750-R705)/(R750+R705+2(R445)).
A remote sensing index of chlorophyll absorption, which is a ratio that considers the relative reflectance of different wavelengths off the plant canopy, where a higher value indicates greater chlorophyll absorption. The formula is: (R750-R705)/(R750+R705+2(R445)).
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
index
reflectance
keyword
remote sensing
canopy
vegetation reflectance
radiation
vegetation
infrared radiation
chlorophyll
references
Henrich & Brüser 2022
Sims & Gamon 2002
date created
2023-05-17”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020816

Leaf chlorophyll content in SPAD units

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0020817
preferred label
Leaf chlorophyll content in SPAD units
alternative label
leaf_chlorophyll_content_SPAD
description
A relative measure of the mass [PATO:0000125] of chlorophyll [CHEBI:28966] in a leaf [PO:0025034] determined as the difference in light transmission [SWEET:procWave/Transmission] through a leaf at two specific wavelengths, red (650 nm, absorbed by chlorophyll) and infrared [ENVO:21001214] (940 nm, not absorbed by chlorophyll).
A relative measure of a leaf’s chlorophyll content, determined as the difference in light transmission through a leaf at two specific wavelengths, red (650 nm, absorbed by chlorophyll) and infrared (940 nm, not absorbed by chlorophyll).
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
-10
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
pigment content trait
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
index
keyword
chlorophyll
leaf lamina
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0020817

Stem hydraulic conductivity (Kh)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021013
preferred label
Stem hydraulic conductivity (Kh)
alternative label
stem_hydraulic_conductivity
description
A stem [PO:0009047] water transport [GO:0006833] trait which is a measure of the rate [PATO:0000161] of water [CHEBI:15377] movement [NCIT:C37994] through a stem under a specific [NCIT:C38024] driving force [PATO:0001035] (water potential [EnvThes:22311] gradient [NCIT:C70693]), accounting for the stem length [PATO:0000122]. It is calculated as the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the water flow [NCIT:C41141] rate through the stem segment (kg/s) to the water potential gradient across the stem segment (MPa), multiplied by the path length measured (m).
Kh; Measure of the efficiency of water flow through a stem segment. It is calculated as the ratio of the water flow rate (kg/s) to the water potential gradient (MPa) across the stem segment, multiplied by the stem length (m).
comments
This trait should not be confused with hydraulic conductance (kh), which is the ratio of water flow flow rate to the water potential gradient across the stem segment, but IS NOT normalised to the path length and has units kg/MPa/s.
value type
continuous variable
unit
10^6.kg.m/MPa/s
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit area
ratio; proportion
rate
efficiency
keyword
water transport
water
water potential
gradient
hydraulic conductivity
sapwood
water stress trait
examples
close match: Branch hydraulic conductance [TRY:3392] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Choat 2010
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021013

Sapwood specific hydraulic conductivity (Ks)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021014
preferred label
Sapwood specific hydraulic conductivity (Ks)
alternative label
sapwood_specific_hydraulic_conductivity
description
A stem [PO:0009047] water transport [GO:0006833] trait which is a measure of the rate [PATO:0000161] of water [CHEBI:15377] movement [NCIT:C37994] through a stem under a specific [NCIT:C38024] driving force [PATO:0001035] (water potential [EnvThes:22311] gradient [NCIT:C70693]), normalised to the diameter [PATO:0001334] of water transport tissues [CARO:0000043] and accounting for the stem length [PATO:0000122]. It is calculated as the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the water flow [NCIT:C41141] rate through the stem segment (kg/s) to the water potential gradient across the stem segment (MPa), divided by the sapwood [PO:0004513] cross-sectional [NCIT:C63795] area [PATO:0001323] (m2), then multiplied by the path length measured (m).
Ks; Measure of the efficiency of water flow through a stem segment normalised to the sapwood cross-sectional area across which the flow is measured. It is calculated as the ratio of the water flow rate (kg/s) to the water potential gradient across the stem segment (MPa), divided by the sapwood cross sectional area (1/m2), then multiplied by the stem length (m).
value type
continuous variable
unit
kg/m/MPa/s
kilogram per metre megapascal second
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
500
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit length
ratio; proportion
rate
force
efficiency
keyword
water transport
water
water potential
gradient
hydraulic conductivity
sapwood
water stress trait
has exact match
Xylem hydraulic conductivity
references
Choat 2010
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021014

Theoretical sapwood specific hydraulic conductivity (Ks)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021015
preferred label
Theoretical sapwood specific hydraulic conductivity (Ks)
alternative label
sapwood_specific_hydraulic_conductivity_theoretical
description
A stem [PO:0009047] water transport [GO:0006833] trait which is a theoretical [MESH:D008962] measure of the rate [PATO:0000161] of water [CHEBI:15377] movement [NCIT:C37994] through a stem under a specific [NCIT:C38024] driving force [PATO:0001035] (water potential [EnvThes:22311] gradient [NCIT:C70693]), calculated from the Hagen Poiseuille equation [hupson:SCAIVPH_00000131], then normalised to the diameter [PATO:0001334] of water transport tissues [CARO:0000043] and accounting for the stem length [PATO:0000122]. It is the calculated sapwood hydraulic conductance, divided by the sapwood [PO:0004513] cross-sectional [NCIT:C63795] area [PATO:0001323] (m2), multiplied by the path length measured (m2).
Theoretical Ks; A calculation of the theoretical flow rate of water (kg/s) along a stem for a given drop in pressure (MPa), normalised to the microscopically determined cross-sectional area without bark and pith (the diameter of water transport tissues). The calculation is based on Hagen-Poiseuille’s law.
value type
continuous variable
unit
kg/m/MPa/s
kilogram per metre megapascal second
minAllowedValue
0.05
maxAllowedValue
5000
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit area
ratio; proportion
rate
force
efficiency
keyword
water transport
water
water potential
gradient
hydraulic conductivity
sapwood
water stress trait
Models, Theoretical
Hagen Poiseuille equation
examples
close match: Wood (sapwood) specific conductivity (stem specific conductivity) [TRY:1096] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021015

Stem specific hydraulic conductivity (Ks)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021016
preferred label
Stem specific hydraulic conductivity (Ks)
alternative label
stem_specific_hydraulic_conductivity
description
A stem [PO:0009047] water transport [GO:0006833] trait which is a measure of the rate [PATO:0000161] of water [CHEBI:15377] movement [NCIT:C37994] through a stem under a specific [NCIT:C38024] driving force [PATO:0001035] (water potential [EnvThes:22311] gradient [NCIT:C70693]), normalised to the diameter [PATO:0001334] of water transport tissues [CARO:0000043] and accounting for the stem length [PATO:0000122]. It is calculated as the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the water flow [NCIT:C41141] rate through the stem segment (kg/s) to the water potential gradient across the stem segment (MPa), divided by the stem cross-sectional [NCIT:C63795] area [PATO:0001323] (m2), then multiplied by the path length measured (m).
Ks; Measure of the efficiency of water flow through a stem segment normalised to the stem (sapwood + bark) cross-sectional area across which the flow is measured. It is calculated as the ratio of the water flow rate (kg/s) to the water potential gradient across the stem segment (MPa), divided by the stem cross sectional area (1/m2), then multiplied by the stem length (m).
value type
continuous variable
unit
kg/m/MPa/s
kilogram per metre megapascal second
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
500
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit length
ratio; proportion
rate
force
efficiency
keyword
water transport
water
water potential
gradient
hydraulic conductivity
sapwood
water stress trait
references
Choat 2010
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
change note
transverse_branch_area_specific_conductivity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021016

Leaf specific hydraulic conductance (kleaf)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021017
preferred label
Leaf specific hydraulic conductance (kleaf)
alternative label
leaf_specific_hydraulic_conductance
description
A leaf [PO:0025034] water transport [GO:0006833] trait which is a measure of the rate [PATO:0000161] of water [CHEBI:15377] movement [NCIT:C37994] through a leaf under a specific [NCIT:C38024] driving force [PATO:0001035] (water potential [EnvThes:22311] gradient [NCIT:C70693]), normalised to the leaf area [PATO:0001323]. It is calculated as the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the water flow rate through the leaf (mmol/s) to the water potential gradient gradient from the petiole [PO:0020038] to mesophyll [PO:0006070] substomatal cavities (MPa), divided by the leaf area (m2).
kleaf; Measure of how efficiently water is transported through a leaf. It is calculated as the ratio of water flow rate through the leaf (mmol/s) to the water potential gradient from the petiole to mesophyll substomatal cavities (MPa), divided by the leaf area (1/m2). As this is a measure of ‘conductance’ not ‘conductivity’ the measurement is not normalised to the path length (the leaf length).
comments
This trait is also sometimes referred to as ‘Leaf specific conductivity’ in the literature despite the fact it is not normalised to path length and therefore is a ‘conductance’ not a ‘conductivity’.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mmol/m2/MPa/s
millimole per square metre megapascal second
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit area
ratio; proportion
rate
force
efficiency
keyword
water transport
water
water potential
gradient
hydraulic conductivity
leaf water potential
water stress trait
examples
related match: Leaf hydraulic conductance [TRY:748] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Choat 2010
Blackman 2010
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
change note
leaf_hydraulic_conductivity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021017

Leaf specific hydraulic conductivity (Kl)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021018
preferred label
Leaf specific hydraulic conductivity (Kl)
alternative label
leaf_specific_hydraulic_conductivity
description
A stem [PO:0009047] water transport [GO:0006833] trait which is a measure of the rate [PATO:0000161] of water [CHEBI:15377] movement [NCIT:C37994] through a stem under a specific [NCIT:C38024] driving force [PATO:0001035] (water potential [EnvThes:22311] gradient [NCIT:C70693]), normalised to the branches’ leaf [PO:0025034] area [PATO:0001323] and accounting for the path (stem) length [PATO:0000122]. It is calculated as the ratio of the water flow rate (kg/s) to the water potential gradient across the stem segment (MPa), divided by the total leaf area (1/m2), then multiplied by the stem length (m).
Kl; Measure of the efficiency of water flow through a stem segment, normalised to the total leaf area distil to the stem segment. It is calculated as the ratio of the water flow rate (kg/s) to the water potential gradient across the stem segment (MPa), divided by the total leaf area (1/m2), then multiplied by the stem length (m).
comments
This trait is a variant of sapwood specific conductivity normalised to leaf area, usually by multiple Ks (sapwood specific conductivity) by Huber value. It is not a measure of conductivity through a leaf.
value type
continuous variable
unit
10^4.kg/m/MPa/s
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
500
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
leaf
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit area
ratio; proportion
rate
force
efficiency
keyword
water transport
water
water potential
gradient
hydraulic conductivity
leaf water potential
water stress trait
examples
exact match: Leaf area-specific conductivity (leaf specific conductivity) [TRY:928] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Choat 2010
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021018

Root hydraulic conductivity (Kh)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021021
preferred label
Root hydraulic conductivity (Kh)
alternative label
root_hydraulic_conductivity
description
A root [PO:0009005] water transport [GO:0006833] trait which is a measure of the rate [PATO:0000161] of water [CHEBI:15377] movement [NCIT:C37994] through a root under a specific [NCIT:C38024] driving force [PATO:0001035] (water potential [EnvThes:22311] gradient [NCIT:C70693]), accounting for the root length [PATO:0000122]. It is calculated as the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the water flow [NCIT:C41141] rate through the root segment (kg/s) to the water potential gradient across the root segment (MPa), multiplied by the path length measured (m).
Kh; Measure of the efficiency of water flow through a root segment. It is calculated as the ratio of the water flow rate (kg/s) to the water potential gradient (MPa) across the root segment, multiplied by the root length (m).
comments
This trait should not be confused with hydraulic conductance (kh), which is the ratio of water flow flow rate to the water potential gradient across the root segment, but IS NOT normalised to the path length and has units kg/MPa/s.
value type
continuous variable
unit
10^6.kg.m/MPa/s
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
2000
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit area
ratio; proportion
rate
efficiency
keyword
water transport
water
water potential
gradient
hydraulic conductivity
sapwood
water stress trait
examples
close match: Branch hydraulic conductance [TRY:3392] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Choat 2010
date created
2023-05-20”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021021

Root specific hydraulic conductivity

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021022
preferred label
Root specific hydraulic conductivity
alternative label
root_specific_hydraulic_conductivity
description
A root [PO:0009005] water transport [GO:0006833] trait which is a measure of the rate [PATO:0000161] of water [CHEBI:15377] movement [NCIT:C37994] through a root under a specific [NCIT:C38024] driving force [PATO:0001035] (water potential [EnvThes:22311] gradient [NCIT:C70693]), normalised to the diameter [PATO:0001334] of water transport tissues [CARO:0000043] and accounting for the root length [PATO:0000122]. It is calculated as the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the water flow [NCIT:C41141] rate through the root segment (kg/s) to the water potential gradient across the root segment (MPa), divided by the root [PO:0004513] cross-sectional [NCIT:C63795] area [PATO:0001323] (m2), then multiplied by the path length measured (m).
Measure of the efficiency of water flow through a root segment normalised to the root cross-sectional area across which the flow is measured. It is calculated as the ratio of the water flow rate (kg/s) to the water potential gradient across the root segment (MPa), divided by the root cross sectional area (1/m2), then multiplied by the root length (m).
value type
continuous variable
unit
kg/m/MPa/s
kilogram per metre megapascal second
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
500
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
conductivity
per unit length
ratio; proportion
rate
force
efficiency
keyword
water transport
water
water potential
gradient
hydraulic conductivity
sapwood
water stress trait
references
Choat 2010
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021022

Pre-dawn water potential

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021030
preferred label
Pre-dawn water potential
alternative label
water_potential_predawn
description
The shoot system [PO:0009006] water potential [EnvThes:22311] just before sunrise, a proxy for soil water potential [EnvThes:22283] and representing the plant’s daily maximum [NCIT:C25564] (least negative) water potential.
The water potential of a plant’s shoot system just before sunrise, a proxy for soil water potential and the plant’s highest (least negative) water potential for the day.
comments
Predawn water potential is often assumed to equal the soil water potential, but the plant’s water potential does not necessarily equilibrate with soil water potential overnight. It is therefore better considered a ‘proxy’ of soil water potential.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-20
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
leaf
measured characteristic
tension
force
keyword
shoot system
water potential
soil water potential
leaf water potential
water stress trait
dawn
has related match
leaf water potential
examples
related match: Leaf water & osmotic potential: leaf water potential [TRY:983] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021030

Midday water potential

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021031
preferred label
Midday water potential
alternative label
water_potential_midday
description
The average water potential [EnvThes:22311] of a plant’s leaf [PO:0025034] and shoot [PO:0009006] mesophyll [PO:0006070] tissue [CARO:0000043] during maximum midday transpiration [ENVO:02500035] and assumed to be the plant’s daily minimum [NCIT:C25570] water potential.
The water potential of a plant’s leaf or shoot photosynthetic tissue during maximum midday transpiration, the time of day when the plant is most water stressed and has the lowest (most negative) water potential.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-20
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
leaf
measured characteristic
tension
force
keyword
shoot system
water potential
leaf water potential
water stress trait
drought tolerance
has related match
leaf water potential
examples
related match: Leaf water & osmotic potential: leaf water potential [TRY:983] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021031

Stem sapwood capacitance (C)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021032
preferred label
Stem sapwood capacitance (C)
alternative label
stem_sapwood_capacitance
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the change in stem [PO:0009047] tissue [CARO:0000043] water [CHEBI:15377] volume to the change in stem tissue water potential [EnvThes:22311].
The ratio of the change in stem tissue water volume to the change in stem tissue water potential.
value type
continuous variable
unit
kg{H20}/m3/MPa
kilogram per cubic metre megapascal
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
700
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
stem
measured characteristic
capacitance
keyword
water
turgor
water stress trait
turgor pressure
water holding capacity
references
Scholz 2011
date created
2023-05-22”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-06-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021032

Leaf capacitance (Cleaf)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021033
preferred label
Leaf capacitance (Cleaf)
alternative label
leaf_capacitance
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the change in leaf [PO:0025034] tissue [CARO:0000043] water [CHEBI:15377] volume to the change in leaf tissue water potential [EnvThes:22311].
The ratio of the change in leaf tissue water volume to the change in leaf tissue water potential.
comments
This trait is derived from pressure-volume curves.
value type
continuous variable
unit
1/MPa
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
20
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
capacitance
keyword
water
turgor
water stress trait
turgor pressure
water holding capacity
pressure-volume curve
examples
related match: Leaf water capacitance [TRY:711] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Scholz 2011
date created
2023-05-22”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-06”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-06-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021033

Root sapwood capacitance (C)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021034
preferred label
Root sapwood capacitance (C)
alternative label
root_sapwood_capacitance
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the change in root [PO:0009005] tissue [CARO:0000043] water [CHEBI:15377] volume to the change in root tissue water potential [EnvThes:22311].
The ratio of the change in root tissue water volume to the change in root tissue water potential.
value type
continuous variable
unit
kg{H20}/m3/MPa
kilogram per cubic metre megapascal
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
700
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
capacitance
keyword
water
turgor
water stress trait
turgor pressure
water holding capacity
references
Scholz 2011
date created
2023-05-22”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-06-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021034

Leaf xylem pressure, 50% lost conductance (P50) (leaf hydraulic vulnerability)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021050
preferred label
Leaf xylem pressure, 50% lost conductance (P50) (leaf hydraulic vulnerability)
alternative label
leaf_water_potential_50percent_lost_conductivity
description
The tension [PATO:0002284] (water pressure) (water potential [EnvThes:22311]) in leaf [PO:0025034] xylem vessels [PO:0025417] at which the hydraulic conductance [EnvThes:22133] has declined by 50% from the mean maximum [NCIT:C25564] rate [PATO:0000161].
A measure of leaf hydraulic vulnerability, which is the leaf xylem water pressure at which leaf hydraulic conductance has declined by 50% from the mean maximum rate of hydraulic conductance.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-40
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure plant structure
leaf
stem
measured characteristic
tension
force
keyword
water potential
xylem
hydraulic conductivity
leaf water potential
water stress trait
drought tolerance
examples
exact match: Xylem hydraulic vulnerability, xylem cavitation vulnerability, embolism vulnerability, (P20, P50, P8 [TRY:719] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Cochard 2010
Venturas 2017
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-06”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
change note
leaf_hydraulic_vulnerability
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021050

Stem xylem pressure, 12% lost conductivity (P12)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021051
preferred label
Stem xylem pressure, 12% lost conductivity (P12)
alternative label
stem_water_potential_12percent_lost_conductivity
description
The tension [PATO:0002284] (water pressure) (water potential [EnvThes:22311]) in stem [PO:0009047] xylem vessels [PO:0025417] at which the hydraulic conductivity [EnvThes:22133] has declined by 12% from the mean maximum [NCIT:C25564] rate [PATO:0000161].
A measure of stem hydraulic vulnerability, which is the stem xylem water pressure value at which stem hydraulic conductivity has declined by 12% from the mean maximum rate of hydraulic conductivity.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-20
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
leaf
measured characteristic
tension
force
keyword
water potential
xylem
hydraulic conductivity
water stress trait
drought tolerance
examples
related match: Xylem hydraulic vulnerability, xylem cavitation vulnerability, embolism vulnerability, (P20, P50, P88) [TRY:719] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Cochard 2010
Venturas 2017
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
change note
water_potential_12percent_lost_conductivity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021051

Stem xylem pressure, 50% lost conductivity (P50)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021052
preferred label
Stem xylem pressure, 50% lost conductivity (P50)
alternative label
stem_water_potential_50percent_lost_conductivity
description
The tension [PATO:0002284] (water pressure) (water potential [EnvThes:22311]) in stem [PO:0009047] xylem vessels [PO:0025417] at which the hydraulic conductivity [EnvThes:22133] has declined by 50% from the mean maximum [NCIT:C25564] rate [PATO:0000161].
A measure of stem hydraulic vulnerability, which is the stem xylem water pressure value at which stem hydraulic conductivity has declined by 50% from the mean maximum rate of hydraulic conductivity.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-20
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
leaf
measured characteristic
tension
force
keyword
water potential
xylem
hydraulic conductivity
water stress trait
drought tolerance
has exact match
Xylem pressure
examples
related match: Xylem hydraulic vulnerability, xylem cavitation vulnerability, embolism vulnerability, (P20, P50, P88) [TRY:719] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Cochard 2010
Venturas 2017
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
change note
water_potential_50percent_lost_conductivity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021052

Stem xylem pressure, 88% lost conductivity (P88)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021053
preferred label
Stem xylem pressure, 88% lost conductivity (P88)
alternative label
stem_water_potential_88percent_lost_conductivity
description
The tension [PATO:0002284] (water pressure) (water potential [EnvThes:22311]) in stem [PO:0009047] xylem vessels [PO:0025417] at which the hydraulic conductivity [EnvThes:22133] has declined by 88% from the mean maximum [NCIT:C25564] rate [PATO:0000161].
A measure of stem hydraulic vulnerability, which is the stem xylem water pressure value at which stem hydraulic conductivity has declined by 88% from the mean maximum rate of hydraulic conductivity.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-20
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
leaf
measured characteristic
tension
force
keyword
water potential
xylem
hydraulic conductivity
water stress trait
drought tolerance
examples
related match: Xylem hydraulic vulnerability, xylem cavitation vulnerability, embolism vulnerability, (P20, P50, P88) [TRY:719] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Cochard 2010
Venturas 2017
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
change note
water_potential_88percent_lost_conductivity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021053

Hydraulic safety margin, 50%

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021054
preferred label
Hydraulic safety margin, 50%
alternative label
hydraulic_safety_margin_50
description
The difference between the shoot water potential [EnvThes:22311] (tension [PATO:0002284] (water pressure) in stem [PO:0009047] xylem vessels [PO:0025417]) at which the mean turgor pressure [TO:0000701] of cells [CL:0000000] drops to zero and the water potential at which the hydraulic conductivity [EnvThes:22133] has declined by 50% from the mean maximum [NCIT:C25564] rate [PATO:0000161].
The difference between the stem water potential at turgor loss and the water potential at which 50% of conductivity is lost.
comments
Alternative definitions for this trait include 1) the difference between the minimum (most negative) observed stem water potential and the water potential at which 50% of conductivity is lost; and 2) the difference between the stem water potential at stomatal closure and the water potential at which 50% of conductivity is lost. If data mapped to this trait use one of these alternate definitions it should be clearly stated in the methods or added as a method context property.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-5
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
tension
force
keyword
water potential
xylem
hydraulic conductivity
water stress trait
drought tolerance
examples
related match: Xylem hydraulic vulnerability, xylem cavitation vulnerability, embolism vulnerability, (P20, P50, P8 [TRY:719] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Resistance to xylem cavitation [BROT:19] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Cochard 2010
Venturas 2017
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021054

Hydraulic safety margin, 88%

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021055
preferred label
Hydraulic safety margin, 88%
alternative label
hydraulic_safety_margin_88
description
The difference between the shoot water potential [EnvThes:22311] (tension [PATO:0002284] (water pressure) in stem [PO:0009047] xylem vessels [PO:0025417]) at which the mean turgor pressure [TO:0000701] of cells [CL:0000000] drops to zero and the water potential at which the hydraulic conductivity [EnvThes:22133] has declined by 88% from the mean maximum [NCIT:C25564] rate [PATO:0000161].
The difference between the stem water potential at turgor loss and the water potential at which 88% of conductivity is lost.
comments
Alternative definitions for this trait include 1) the difference between the minimum (most negative) observed stem water potential and the water potential at which 88% of conductivity is lost; and 2) the difference between the stem water potential at stomatal closure and the water potential at which 88% of conductivity is lost. If data mapped to this trait use one of these alternate definitions it should be clearly stated in the methods or added as a method context property.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-5
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
stem
measured characteristic
tension
force
keyword
water potential
xylem
hydraulic conductivity
water stress trait
drought tolerance
examples
related match: Xylem hydraulic vulnerability, xylem cavitation vulnerability, embolism vulnerability, (P20, P50, P8 [TRY:719] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Resistance to xylem cavitation [BROT:19] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Cochard 2010
Venturas 2017
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021055

Leaf turgor loss point

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021056
preferred label
Leaf turgor loss point
alternative label
leaf_turgor_loss_point
description
A parameter [STATO:0000034] calculated from a pressure-volume curve [APD:glossary/40124], which is the leaf water potential [EnvThes:22311] at which the mean turgor pressure [TO:0000701] of cells [CL:0000000] in the leaf/terminal shoot drops to zero. This is the point at which the plant wilts.
A parameter calculated from a pressure-volume curve which is the water potential at which the mean cell turgor pressure in the leaf/shoot declines to zero.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-5
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
tension
force
model parameter
keyword
water potential
turgor pressure
leaf water potential
water stress trait
pressure-volume curve
drought tolerance
has exact match
osmotic adjustment break point
wilting point
examples
exact match: Leaf water & osmotic potential: leaf osmotic potential at turgor loss [TRY:189] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021056

Osmotic potential

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021057
preferred label
Osmotic potential
alternative label
osmotic_potential
description
In a plant tissue [CARO:0000043], the potential energy [ENVO:2000016] of water [CHEBI:15377] molecules to flow [NCIT:C41141] across a semi-permeable [PATO:0000982] membrane [GO:0016020] due to the differences in solute [SIO:010418] concentration [PATO:0000033] across the membrane, such that the osmotic potential becomes more negative as the solute concentration increases or the cell water content decreases. Osmotic potential is equal to negative osmotic pressure [EnvThes:21558] and is also referred to as solute potential.
The potential energy of water molecules to move across a semi-permeable membrane due to differences in solute concentration across the membrane; solute potential
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-10
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
leaf
measured characteristic
pressure
force
keyword
potential energy
water
solute
osmotic pressure
turgor pressure
water stress trait
leaf water potential
examples
exact match: Leaf water & osmotic potential: leaf water potential [TRY:983] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021057

Osmotic potential at full tugor

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021058
preferred label
Osmotic potential at full tugor
alternative label
osmotic_potential_at_full_turgor
description
A parameter [STATO:0000034] calculated from a pressure-volume curve [APD:glossary/40124], which is, for a shoot or leaf [PO:0025034], the osmotic potential (solute potential) when they are fully hydrated (relative water content = 100%). Osmotic potential is always negative and is the potential energy [ENVO:2000016] of water [CHEBI:15377] molecules to flow [NCIT:C41141] across a semi-permeable [PATO:0000982] membrane [GO:0016020] due to the differences in solute [SIO:010418] concentration [PATO:0000033] across the membrane.
A parameter calculated from a pressure-volume curve which is the osmotic potential (solute potential) in leaf cells at full turgor (when relative water content = 100%). Osmotic potential is the energy of water molecules to move across a semi-permeable membrane due to differences in solute concentration across a membrane and is least negative (largest) when plants are at full turgor.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-10
maxAllowedValue
-0.1
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
leaf
measured characteristic
pressure
force
model parameter
keyword
potential energy
water
solute
osmotic pressure
turgor pressure
water stress trait
pressure-volume curve
leaf water potential
drought tolerance
examples
exact match: Leaf water & osmotic potential: leaf osmotic potential at full turgor [TRY:188] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Sack 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021058

Bulk modulus of elasticity (e)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021059
preferred label
Bulk modulus of elasticity (e)
alternative label
bulk_modulus_of_elasticity
description
A parameter [STATO:0000034] calculated from a pressure-volume curve [APD:glossary/40124], which is, for a shoot or leaf [PO:0025034], the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the change in cell [CL:0000000] turgor potential (negative turgor pressure [TO:0000701]) over the relative change in cell volume (change in volume/initial volume). It is an estimation of cell wall [GO:0009505] rigidity.
A parameter calculated from a pressure-volume curve which indicates the elasticity or rigidity of cells in leaves. It is the ratio of the change in cell turgor potential to the change in relative cell volume (change in volume/initial volume).
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure plant structure
stem
leaf
measured characteristic
pressure
force
volume
ratio; proportion
model parameter
keyword
cell
turgor pressure
plant-type cell wall
water stress trait
pressure-volume curve
modulus of elasticity
drought tolerance
has related match
osmotic adjustment capacity
examples
exact match: Leaf elastic modulus [TRY:190] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Sack 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021059

Leaf relative water content predawn

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021060
preferred label
Leaf relative water content predawn
alternative label
leaf_relative_water_content_predawn
description
The ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] in a fresh [EnvThes:21976] leaf [PO:0025034] harvested pre-dawn [SWEET:reprTimeDay/Dawn] to the mass of water in a leaf at full hydration (saturated [NCIT:C61427]; relative water content = 100%).
Ratio of the mass of water in a fresh leaf collected pre-dawn to the mass of water in a fully saturated leaf. A fully saturated leaf is one which has been rehydrated to hold the maximum amount of water and is considered to have a relative water content of 100%.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1.7
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
keyword
water
dawn
water stress trait
water holding capacity
leaf water content
has close match
Leaf water content
leaf relative water content
examples
related match: Leaf relative water content [TOP47] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-06”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021060

Leaf relative water content at turgor loss point

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021061
preferred label
Leaf relative water content at turgor loss point
alternative label
leaf_relative_water_content_at_turgor_loss_point
description
A parameter [STATO:0000034] calculated from a pressure-volume curve [APD:glossary/40124], which is, for a leaf [PO:0025034], the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] in the leaf at the turgor [PATO:0001620] loss point to the mass of water in the leaf at full hydration (saturated [NCIT:C61427]; relative water content = 100%).
Ratio of the mass of water in leaf at the point the leaf cells lose turgor to the mass of water in a fully saturated leaf. A fully saturated leaf is one which has been rehydrated to hold the maximum amount of water and is considered to have a relative water content of 100%. The plant’s turgor loss point is calculated from a pressure-volume curve.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1.5
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
model parameter
keyword
water
turgor
water stress trait
turgor pressure
water holding capacity
pressure-volume curve
drought tolerance
leaf water content
has close match
Leaf water content
leaf relative water content
examples
related match: Leaf relative water content [TOP47] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
Sack 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-06”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021061

Root xylem pressure, 50% lost conductivity (P50)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021062
preferred label
Root xylem pressure, 50% lost conductivity (P50)
alternative label
root_water_potential_50percent_lost_conductivity
description
The tension [PATO:0002284] (water pressure) (water potential [EnvThes:22311]) in root [PO:0009005] xylem vessels [PO:0025417] at which the hydraulic conductivity [EnvThes:22133] has declined by 50% from the mean maximum [NCIT:C25564] rate [PATO:0000161].
A measure of root hydraulic vulnerability, which is the root xylem water pressure value at which root hydraulic conductivity has declined by 50% from the mean maximum rate of hydraulic conductivity.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-20
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
tension
force
keyword
water potential
xylem
hydraulic conductivity
water stress trait
drought tolerance
examples
related match: Xylem hydraulic vulnerability, xylem cavitation vulnerability, embolism vulnerability, (P20, P50, P8 [TRY:719] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Cochard 2010
Venturas 2017
date created
2023-06-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-06-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021062

Root xylem pressure, 12% lost conductivity (P12)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021063
preferred label
Root xylem pressure, 12% lost conductivity (P12)
alternative label
root_water_potential_12percent_lost_conductivity
description
The tension [PATO:0002284] (water pressure) (water potential [EnvThes:22311]) in root [PO:0009005] xylem vessels [PO:0025417] at which the hydraulic conductivity [EnvThes:22133] has declined by 12% from the mean maximum [NCIT:C25564] rate [PATO:0000161].
A measure of root hydraulic vulnerability, which is the root xylem water pressure value at which root hydraulic conductivity has declined by 12% from the mean maximum rate of hydraulic conductivity.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-20
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
tension
force
keyword
water potential
xylem
hydraulic conductivity
water stress trait
drought tolerance
examples
related match: Xylem hydraulic vulnerability, xylem cavitation vulnerability, embolism vulnerability, (P20, P50, P8 [TRY:719] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Cochard 2010
Venturas 2017
date created
2023-06-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-06-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021063

Root xylem pressure, 88% lost conductivity (P88)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021064
preferred label
Root xylem pressure, 88% lost conductivity (P88)
alternative label
root_water_potential_88percent_lost_conductivity
description
The tension [PATO:0002284] (water pressure) (water potential [EnvThes:22311]) in root [PO:0009005] xylem vessels [PO:0025417] at which the hydraulic conductivity [EnvThes:22133] has declined by 88% from the mean maximum [NCIT:C25564] rate [PATO:0000161].
A measure of root hydraulic vulnerability, which is the root xylem water pressure value at which root hydraulic conductivity has declined by 88% from the mean maximum rate of hydraulic conductivity.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-20
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure
root
measured characteristic
tension
force
keyword
water potential
xylem
hydraulic conductivity
water stress trait
drought tolerance
examples
related match: Xylem hydraulic vulnerability, xylem cavitation vulnerability, embolism vulnerability, (P20, P50, P8 [TRY:719] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Cochard 2010
Venturas 2017
date created
2023-06-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-06-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021064

Leaf xylem pressure, 12% lost conductance (P12)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021065
preferred label
Leaf xylem pressure, 12% lost conductance (P12)
alternative label
leaf_water_potential_12percent_lost_conductivity
description
The tension [PATO:0002284] (water pressure) (water potential [EnvThes:22311]) in leaf [PO:0025034] xylem vessels [PO:0025417] at which the hydraulic conductance [EnvThes:22133] has declined by 12% from the mean maximum [NCIT:C25564] rate [PATO:0000161].
A measure of leaf hydraulic vulnerability, which is the leaf xylem water pressure at which leaf hydraulic conductance has declined by 12% from the mean maximum rate of hydraulic conductance.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-40
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure plant structure
leaf
stem
measured characteristic
tension
force
keyword
water potential
xylem
hydraulic conductivity
leaf water potential
water stress trait
drought tolerance
has related match
leaf water potential
examples
exact match: Xylem hydraulic vulnerability, xylem cavitation vulnerability, embolism vulnerability, (P20, P50, P8 [TRY:719] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Cochard 2010
Venturas 2017
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021065

Leaf xylem pressure, 88% lost conductance (P88)

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0021066
preferred label
Leaf xylem pressure, 88% lost conductance (P88)
alternative label
leaf_water_potential_88percent_lost_conductivity
description
The tension [PATO:0002284] (water pressure) (water potential [EnvThes:22311]) in leaf [PO:0025034] xylem vessels [PO:0025417] at which the hydraulic conductance [EnvThes:22133] has declined by 88% from the mean maximum [NCIT:C25564] rate [PATO:0000161].
A measure of leaf hydraulic vulnerability, which is the leaf xylem water pressure at which leaf hydraulic conductance has declined by 88% from the mean maximum rate of hydraulic conductance.
value type
continuous variable
unit
MPa
megapascal
minAllowedValue
-40
maxAllowedValue
0
has broader
water transport trait, hydraulic trait
plant structure plant structure
leaf
stem
measured characteristic
tension
force
keyword
water potential
xylem
hydraulic conductivity
leaf water potential
water stress trait
drought tolerance
has related match
leaf water potential
examples
exact match: Xylem hydraulic vulnerability, xylem cavitation vulnerability, embolism vulnerability, (P20, P50, P8 [TRY:719] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Cochard 2010
Venturas 2017
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Timothy Brodribb
Brendan Choat
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0021066

Leaf nitrogen resorption efficiency

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0022012
preferred label
Leaf nitrogen resorption efficiency
alternative label
leaf_N_resorption
description
A leaf [PO:0025034] nutrient recycling trait which is one minus the ratio [PATO:0001470] of leaf nitrogen [CHEBI:25555] content in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to leaf nitrogen content in a live [PATO:0001421] leaf, indicating what proportion of nitrogen is resorbed [NCIT:C93204] from the senescent leaf before it is shed.
A leaf nutrient recycling trait which is one minus the ratio of leaf nitrogen content in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to leaf nitrogen content in a live leaf, indicating what proportion of nitrogen is resorbed from the senescent leaf before it is shed.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mg
milligram per milligram
minAllowedValue
-1.1
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
nutrient recycling trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
keyword
nitrogen atom
senescent
resorption
plant litter
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
resorption_leaf_N
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0022012

Leaf phosphorus resorption efficiency

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0022013
preferred label
Leaf phosphorus resorption efficiency
alternative label
leaf_P_resorption
description
A leaf [PO:0025034] nutrient recycling trait which is one minus the ratio [PATO:0001470] of leaf phosphorus [CHEBI:28659] content in a senescent [PATO:0001487] leaf (leaf litter [ENVO:01000628]) to leaf phosphorus content in a live [PATO:0001421] leaf, indicating what proportion of phosphorus is resorbed [NCIT:C93204] from the senescent leaf before it is shed.
A leaf nutrient recycling trait which is one minus the ratio of leaf phosphorus content in a senescent leaf (leaf litter) to leaf phosphorus content in a live leaf, indicating what proportion of phosphorus is resorbed from the senescent leaf before it is shed.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mg/mg
milligram per milligram
minAllowedValue
-1.1
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
nutrient recycling trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
keyword
phosphorus atom
senescent
resorption
plant litter
macronutrient
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
resorption_leaf_P
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0022013

Plant growth form

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030010
preferred label
Plant growth form
alternative label
plant_growth_form
description
A whole plant [PO:0000003] phenotype [NCIT:C16977] trait that summarises different components of a whole plant’s shape [PATO:0000052] and structure [PATO:0000141] into general groups [NCIT:C43359]. Characters that contribute to the plant form categories include the height [PATO:0000119] of the vegetative shoot system [PO:0025607], the distribution of leaves [PO:0025034] along the plant stem [PO:0009047], and the position [PATO:0000140] and count [NCIT:C25463] of stems and/or leaves relative to the ground surface.
The form of a plant, capturing a general sense of plant height and shape, which parts of a plant are woody versus herbaceous, the number of stems arising at ground level, and the distribution of leaves relative to the main stem.
comments
This definition of plant growth form is narrower than what is used by many other references. Here, information pertaining to where a plant grows is captured by plant_growth_substrate. Terminology about the shape and length of stems and distribution of leaves is included in stem_growth_habit. An indication of whether a plant is parasitic is presented in parasitic. Included in the list of plant growth forms are two terms that are exclusively used to describe Australian plants, mallee and hummock, and one, tussock, that is an important growth form of Australian grasses, but globally used less frequently.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_growth_form_herb A seed-bearing plant which does not have a woody above-ground stem; when available this term has been divided into more detailed terms. (Synonyms, forb)
plant_growth_form_subshrub A plant that is only woody at the base, with the remainder of the stems regenerating yearly. This term is not meant to encompass short-lived plants that are only borderline woody. (Synonyms, suffrutescent)
plant_growth_form_shrub A woody plant that is distinguished by NOT being a tree, due to one of more of the following characteristics, 1) they are less than 8 metres in height; 2) if a plant community includes trees, the shrubs are shorter than the surrounding trees and not part of the canopy; 3) in comparison to trees, the leaves are more distributed along the entire trunk; 4) the plant has multiple relatively narrow stems arising at or near ground level. The definition of shrub is complex, as there are many single-stemmed shrubs within Australia and many taxa that are described in the taxonomic literature as a shrub or small tree.
plant_growth_form_mallee Refers to Eucalyptus species which are small trees that form a large lignotuber. They have multiple stems arising at or near ground level and regenerate from the lignotuber following fire.
plant_growth_form_tree A tall, woody, perennial plant, usually with a single main trunk, and its leaves predominantly elevated above the ground surface.
plant_growth_form_graminoid Herbaceous plant with a grass-like morphology that is within the order Poales. Taxa both with and without a tussock form are mapped to this term. This term is most frequently applied to three large monocot families, Poaceae, Cyperaceae, and Juncaceae, but the term could apply to other taxa within Poales with a grass-like morphology, including narrow, linear leaves and non-showy flowers, including Restionaceae, Centrolepidaceae, Anarthriaceae, and Ecdeiocoleaceae. Taxa outside Poales with a grass-like morphology should be designated as herbs and also have the term tufted mapped to the trait stem_growth_habit.
plant_growth_form_tussock A subcategory of graminoid, which is a plant where many shoots from the basal meristem form prominent tufts.
plant_growth_form_graminoid_not_tussock A subcategory of graminoid, indicating a plant which explicitly lacks a tussock morphology, with the leaves not growing in tufts.
plant_growth_form_hummock Plant that grows as a dense mound up to 1 metre in height. The term generally applies only to species within the genera Triodia that form such mounds and these are considered a distinctive and uniquely Australian growth form.
plant_growth_form_basal_large A plant whose leaves form a distinctly large basal tuft or rosette, including large acaulescent monocots and cycads.
plant_growth_form_geophyte Subcategory of herb, specifically referring to plants that survive the winter/dry season as an organ (rhizome, bulb, corm, or tuber) buried in dry soil, with all leaves dying back each year.
plant_growth_form_palmoid Plant that bears a rosette-like canopy of typically large, often compound leaves atop a usually thick (pachycaulous), columnar, unbranched or little-branched stem. Palms, tree ferns, trunked cycads, trunked grass-trees, and Pandanus are mapped to this term. (Synonyms, rosette-tree, palm, grass-tree)
plant_growth_form_climber Plant that climbs up another plant’s stem or branches, rather than being able to support itself. Term used only if datasets do not specify if a climbing plant is herbaceous (a vine) or woody (a liana).
plant_growth_form_climber_herbaceous Herbaceous plant that climbs up another plant’s stem or branches, rather than being able to support itself. This is usually synonymous with vine. Types of climbers (scrambling, twining) are captured under the trait plant_climbing_mechanism. (Synonyms, vine)
plant_growth_form_climber_woody Woody or thick-stemmed (>2 cm) plant that climbs up another plant’s stem or branches, rather than being able to support itself. This is usually synonymous with liana. Woody climbers generally use hooks, tendrils, and/or adventitious roots to climb; the climbing mechanisms used by a taxon are captured under the trait plant_climbing_mechanism. (Synonyms, liana)
plant_growth_form_fern A taxonomic grouping that includes acaulescent ferns; ferns are vascular plants that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers.
plant_growth_form_lycophyte A taxonomic grouping that includes quillworts, clubmosses, and spike mosses.
has broader
whole plant phenotype trait
whole plant morphology trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
whole plant
stem
leaf
measured characteristic
organismal quality
spatial pattern, distribution
shape
structure
height
keyword
vegetative shoot system
wood, secondary xylem
growth
canopy
scope note
none
has close match
whole plant growth form
examples
close match: Plant growth form [TOP136] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Plant growth form [TRY:42] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Growth_form_2 [GIFT:1.2.2] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: whole plant growth form [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
close match: whole plant growth form diversity [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Growth form [BROT:1] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135) (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
exact match: Growth form and habit [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Simpson 2019
Cornellison 2003
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030010

Life form

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030011
preferred label
Life form
alternative label
life_form
description
Raunkiaer classification of life form, which is a feature of the whole plant [PO:0000003] defining the position [PATO:0000140] of the perennating meristematic tissue [PO:0006079] (buds [PO:0000055] or shoot apices [PO:0000037]) on the shoot system [PO:0009006], their distance [PATO:0000040] to the ground surface [sweetontology.net/realmSoil/Ground] and the protection afforded to survive the unfavourable season, or the production of seeds [PO:0009010] to avoid the unfavourable season.
Raunkiaer classification of life form, indicating the location of and protection provided to surviving meristematic tissue (buds) during the unfavourable (cold or dry) season.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
life_form_phanerophyte Plant whose perennating buds are on persistent shoots which rise at least 50 cm above the soil surface. These are normally woody perennials.
life_form_chamaephyte Plant whose perennating buds are on persistent shoots that do not extend more than 50 cm above the soil surface. These are normally woody perennials.
life_form_hemicryptophyte Plant whose perennating buds are at or near the soil surface.
life_form_cryptophyte Plant whose perennating buds are subterranean or under water. This grouping can be further divided into geophyte, helophyte, and hydrophyte.
life_form_geophyte Plant that perennates as an organ (rhizome, bulb, corm, or tuber) buried in dry soil, with all leaves dying back each year; a subcategory of cryptophyte.
life_form_helophyte Plant that perennates as an organ (rhizome, bulb, corm, or tuber) buried in marshy or wet soil or lying under water, with buds emerging during the growing season and shoots and leaves rising about the water surface; a subcategory of cryptophyte. (Synonyms, emergent_hydrophyte)
life_form_hydrophyte Plant that perennates as buds or as an organ (rhizome, bulb, corm, or tuber) buried in marshy or wet soil or lying under water, with shoots emerging during the growing season that remain below or at the water surface; a subcategory of cryptophyte.
life_form_therophyte Annual plants whose shoot and root systems die completely at the end of flowering and seed production, such that they survive the unfavourable cold or dry season in the form of seeds.
life_form_epiphyte Plant that grows on the surface of another plant.
life_form_aerophyte Plant that obtains moisture and nutrients from the air and rain, resting on other plants or the ground surface.
has broader
whole plant phenotype trait
whole plant morphology trait
reproductive shoot system morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
whole plant
seed
bud
measured characteristic
organismal quality
spatial pattern, distribution
position
keyword
whole plant lifeform
shoot system meristem
life form
scope note
none
has exact match
whole plant lifeform
has related match
life form
examples
exact match: Plant life form [TOP210] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Plant life form (Raunkiaer life form) [TRY:343] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: plant growth form [LEDA:1.1] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
exact match: Life form [GIFT:2.3] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
Raunkiaer 1934
LEDA Data Standards 2005
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030011

Life history

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030012
preferred label
Life history
alternative label
life_history
description
Categorical description of the duration [PATO:0001309] of a plant’s lifespan (longevity [NCIT:C153298]), from seed germination [GO:0009845] to death [GO:0016265].
Categorical description of the duration of a plant’s lifespan, from germination to death.
comments
Studies will differ in the subset of terms they use to describe a plant’s life history, such that some researchers will distinguish between ephemeral and annual species, and other researchers will group these life history categories together under annual. In addition, only a subset of studies will use the term short-lived perennial; the majority will score all perennial plants as perennial. Rangeland studies and post-fire studies are those most likely to score species as ephemeral or short-lived perennial, as these are environments where perennial species’ lifespans are often divided into those that are short-lived due to environmental conditions and those that are able to persist through the environmentally unfavourable period.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
life_history_ephemeral A very short-lived plant, generally with a lifespan of only a few months and the exact length of lifespan quite variable and determined by environmental conditions.
life_history_annual A plant that lives for up to one year after germinating, completing its life cycle in a single growing season.
life_history_biennial A plant that lives for up to two years after germinating, requiring two growing seasons to complete its life cycle and dying following the second growing season.
life_history_perennial A plant that lives for three or more growing seasons, with an exact lifespan that is indeterminate.
life_history_short_lived_perennial A perennial whose lifespan is less than approximately five years, with the exact lifespan generally dependent on environmental conditions.
has broader
whole plant phenotype trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
organismal quality
duration
time
keyword
death
longevity
scope note
none
has exact match
life cycle habit
examples
exact match: Plant lifespan (longevity) [TRY:59] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: plant lifespan and age of first flowering [LEDA:1.3] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
exact match: Lifecycle [GIFT:2.1.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
related match: Growth form [BROT:1] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135) (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
LEDA Data Standards 2005
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030012

Ephemeral life history class

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030013
preferred label
Ephemeral life history class
alternative label
life_history_ephemeral_class
description
A whole plant [PO:0000003] life history [ECOCORE:00000018] which is, for taxa [NCIT_C40098] that display an ephemeral life history, the environmental conditions [ENVO:01000203] associated with seed germination [GO:0009845] and seedling establishment [EnvThes:20410].
For taxa that display an ephemeral life history, the environmental conditions associated with seed germination and seedling establishment.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
life_history_ephemeral_class_disturbance_ephemeral Ephemeral plant the germinates and establishes following disturbance, but the type of disturbance is not specified.
life_history_ephemeral_class_rain_ephemeral Ephemeral plant that germinates and establishes following rain or flood events.
life_history_ephemeral_class_fire_ephemeral Ephemeral plant that germinates and establishes following fire, where it is unknown if the plant is an obligate or facultative fire ephemeral.
life_history_ephemeral_class_fire_ephemeral_facultative Ephemeral plant that increases its germination and establishment following fire, but can also germinate and establish without fire.
life_history_ephemeral_class_fire_ephemeral_obligate Ephemeral plant that only germinates and establishes following fire.
has broader
fire response trait
life history trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
organismal quality
requirement
response to
keyword
fire
environmental condition
seed germination
seedling establishment
references
no linked references
date created
2023-02-23”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030013

Lifespan

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030014
preferred label
Lifespan
alternative label
lifespan
description
The duration [PATO:0001309] of a plant’s lifespan (longevity [NCIT:C153298]), from seed germination [GO:0009845] to death [GO:0016265].
Plant lifespan, the duration from germination to death. Lifespan refers to the death of both aboveground and belowground biomass, indicating the death of the genetic individual.
value type
continuous variable
unit
a
year
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
10000
has broader
whole plant phenotype trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
organismal quality
duration
time
keyword
death
longevity
has related match
life cycle habit
examples
exact match: Plant life span [TOP255] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Plant lifespan (longevity) [TRY:59] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Lifespan_1 [GIFT:2.2.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: longest whole plant longevity, maximum whole plant longevity [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
close match: Lifespan [BROT:17] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030014

Plant growth substrate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030015
preferred label
Plant growth substrate
alternative label
plant_growth_substrate
description
A whole plant [PO:0000003] life history [ECOCORE:00000018] trait which indicates either the substrate [EFO:0005061] on which a plant grows [GO:0040007] or, broadly, whether the plant grows in an aquatic [EnvThes:21785] or terrestrial [EnvThes:21880] habitat [ENVO:01000739]. Substrate is defined as the surface to which an organism is attached.
Trait broadly indicating where a plant is usually found, referencing the habitat in which a plant grows, the substrate to which a plant is attached, or a plant’s growth medium.
comments
Although the majority of vascular plants are terrestrial, for most taxonomic groups plant growth substrate is only recorded if a plant is not terrestrial. The exceptions are ferns and orchids, where both floras and individual researchers tend to specifically indicate which taxa are terrestrial. The values under this trait are recorded as part of plant growth form by many researchers, trait handbooks, and databases; they have been split out here, as the terms capturing what a plant is attached to do not generally describe the form of a plant.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_growth_substrate_epiphyte A plant that grows upon another plant.
plant_growth_substrate_lithophyte A plant that grows upon a rock.
plant_growth_substrate_terrestrial A plant that grows on land, and generally referencing a plant that grows in soil.
plant_growth_substrate_semiaquatic A plant that grows partially submerged in water or spends part of its life growing in water.
plant_growth_substrate_aquatic A plant that grows in water.
plant_growth_substrate_marine A plant that grows in the sea.
plant_growth_substrate_hemiepiphyte A plant that spends part of its life cycle as an epiphyte, growing upon another plant.
has broader
life history trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
organismal quality
keyword
substrate
growth
aquatic
terrestrial
habitat
epiphyte
scope note
none
has related match
substrate
examples
related match: Plant growth form [TRY:42] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Epiphyte_2 [GIFT:1.3.2] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
close match: Aquatic_1 [GIFT:1.7.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Simpson 2019
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030015

Plant photosynthetic organ

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030016
preferred label
Plant photosynthetic organ
alternative label
plant_photosynthetic_organ
description
A plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000839] which is the primary [NCIT:C25251] organ [PO:0009008] or tissue [CARO:0000043] a plant [PO:0000003] uses for photosynthesis [GO:0015979], most commonly a leaf [PO:0025034], cladode [PO:0025354], or phyllode [PO:0025335].
Trait indicating a plant’s primary photosynthetic organ or tissue.
comments
This trait is not intended to record the presence of primary versus secondary photosynthetic organs; only the primary photosynthetic organ should be keyed in. Many of the allowable values for this trait are frequently included under leaf type or leaf form. Here, we separate terms pertaining to the general form of the leaf (in the trait leaf_type) from those identifying the plant organ responsible for photosynthesis.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_photosynthetic_organ_leaf A true leaf, including both laminar and needle-shaped leaves.
plant_photosynthetic_organ_cladode A photosynthetic shoot, regardless of form, that functions as a leaf. For example, cacti pads and Casuarina articles. (Synonyms, article, phylloclade, cladophyll)
plant_photosynthetic_organ_phyllode A flattened bladelike petiole. (Synonyms, switch plant)
plant_photosynthetic_organ_non-photosynthetic_plant A plant that lacks any photosynthetic organs.
has broader
photosynthetic trait
leaf morphology trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
leaf
whole plant
stem
measured characteristic
structure
organismal quality
keyword
plant organ
photosynthesis
cladode
phyllode
growth
scope note
none
examples
related match: Leaf type [TRY:43] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Burrows 2001
date created
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
leaf_type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030016

Plant alternative energy and nutrient acquisition strategies

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030017
preferred label
Plant alternative energy and nutrient acquisition strategies
alternative label
plant_alternative_energy_and_nutrient_acquisition_strategy
description
A whole plant [PO:0000003] life history [ECOCORE:00000018] trait which are alternative mechanisms [NCIT:C25343] plants use to obtain [NCIT:C52349] or produce [SIO:001106] energy [PATO:0001021] (carbohydrates [CHEBI:16646]) or nutrients [CHEBI:33284].
Trait indicating the strategies used by a plant to obtain or produce energy (carbohydrates) or nutrients, including photosynthesis and various saprophytic and carnivorous energy and nutrient acquisition mechanisms.
comments
Although the majority of vascular plants use photosynthesis to produce their own carbohydrates, this trait mostly includes data for the few taxa that are not photosynthetic. Likewise, it captures alternative nutrient acquisition strategies. See also the trait parasitic which captures data on whether plants are parasitic (or partially parasitic), forming haustoria to penetrate their host plant. The trait root_structures includes specialised root structures
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_alternative_energy_and_nutrient_acquisition_strategy_saprophyte Plant that acquires nutrients from decaying biomass.
plant_alternative_energy_and_nutrient_acquisition_strategy_carnivorous Plant that acquires some or most of its nutrients from animals or protozoa.
plant_alternative_energy_and_nutrient_acquisition_strategy_nutrient_mining Plant that uses a specialised root structure, such as cluster roots, to mine nutrients inaccessible to other plant taxa.
has broader
whole plant phenotype trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
organismal quality
mechanism
keyword
energy
carbohydrate
nutrient
growth
examples
close match: Nutritional relationships [BROT:18] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030017

Woodiness

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030018
preferred label
Woodiness
alternative label
woodiness
description
A whole plant [PO:0000003] phenotype [NCIT:C16977] trait which indicates whether the plant stem [PO:0009047] (the vegetative shoot system [PO:0025607]) is woody, with <U+00E2><U+20AC><U+0153>woody<U+00E2><U+20AC><U+009D> defined to include both plant stems with secondary xylem (true wood) [PO:0005848] and those with wood-like lignification [CHEBI:6457] (woodiness in monocots and ferns).
A binary trait, indicating whether a plant’s stems are woody, with woody broadly defined to include both true wood (secondary xylem) and taxa that do not produce secondary xylem (i.e. monocots and ferns) but have thick, stiff, robust lignified stems.
comments
This trait considers all species that have stiff lignified stems as woody and those that lack such stems as herbaceous. See the trait plant woodiness detailed for sub-categories of woody that indicate the extent and type of woodiness present in a plant stem.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
woodiness_herbaceous Plant with non-lignified stems.
woodiness_woody Plant whose stems are stiff and lignified, including both stems that produce secondary xylem and those that produce only lignified primary tissues but are notably stiff and robust.
has broader
whole plant phenotype trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
stem
measured characteristic
composition
structure
keyword
wood, secondary xylem
lignin
shoot axis woodiness
wood
herbaceous
scope note
Vascular plants
has close match
shoot axis woodiness
woody plants
examples
close match: Woodiness [TOP706] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Plant woodiness [TRY:38] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: woodiness and stem specific density [LEDA:3.1] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
exact match: whole plant woodiness [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Simpson 2019
LEDA Data Standards 2005
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030018

Detailed woodiness categories

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030019
preferred label
Detailed woodiness categories
alternative label
woodiness_detailed
description
A whole plant [PO:0000003] phenotype [NCIT:C16977] trait which indicates the vertical [PATO:0001854] extent, distribution [PATO:0000060], and type [NCIT:C25284] of wood present in stems [PO:0009047], roots [PO:0009005], and reproductive shoot systems [PO:0025082], distinguishing between plants with secondary xylem (true wood) [PO:0005848] versus wood-like lignification [CHEBI:6457] (woodiness in monocots and ferns).
Trait indicating the extent, distribution, and type of secondary xylem (true wood) and wood-like lignification (woodiness in monocots and ferns) in stems, roots, and reproductive shoots.
comments
This trait documents in detail the degree and type of lignification in a plant’s stems and roots (woodiness), while plant woodiness is a binary trait collapsing woodiness into a pair of values, woody versus herbaceous. Datasets that only use the terms woody versus herbaceous are only mapped to the binary trait; only datasets that explicitly indicate different levels of woodiness are mapped to plant woodiness detailed.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
woodiness_detailed_herbaceous Plant with non-lignified stems.
woodiness_detailed_woody Plant whose stems produce secondary xylem (true wood).
woodiness_detailed_woody_base Plant where secondary xylem (true wood) is present only at the base of stems. (Synonyms, suffrutescent)
woodiness_detailed_woody_root Plant that has a woody rootstock but non-woody above-ground stems.
woodiness_detailed_semi_woody Plant that forms stems considered only ‘partially woody’, generally having lower lignin and cellulose contents and possibly not forming secondary xylem. These are generally short-lived, fast-growing stems. (Synonyms, green-stem shrub, soft shrub, soft wood)
woodiness_detailed_woody_like_stem Taxa, including monocots and ferns, that produce thick, stiff, robust lignified stems but do not produce secondary xylem.
woodiness_detailed_woody_like_inflorescence Taxa, including monocots, that produce thick, stiff, robust lignified inflorescence shoots but are otherwise non-woody.
has broader
whole plant phenotype trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure plant structure
whole plant
stem
root
reproductive shoot system
measured characteristic
composition
structure
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
wood, secondary xylem
lignin
shoot axis woodiness
wood
herbaceous
scope note
Vascular plants
has close match
shoot axis woodiness
woody plants
examples
close match: Woodiness [TOP706] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Plant woodiness [TRY:38] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: woodiness and stem specific density [LEDA:3.1] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
close match: whole plant woodiness [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Simpson 2019
LEDA Data Standards 2005
Carlquist 2013
date created
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030019

Physical defence structures

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030020
preferred label
Physical defence structures
alternative label
plant_physical_defence_structures
description
A plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000839] which indicates the plant structures [PO:0009011] used for defence [NCIT:C61556], including spine leaves [PO:0025173], spine stipules [PO:0025174], spine petiole [PO:0025613], thorns [PO:0025172], and prickles [PO:0025169].
The presence (or explicit absence) of specific physical defence structures on a plant, including spines, thorns, prickles, and sharp-tipped leaves.
comments
This trait identifies explicit physical defence structures on a plant. The trait plant_spinescence indicates the degree of defence afforded to plants, with values defined by P<U+00C3><U+00A9>rez-Harguindeguy et al. 2013 (doi:10.1071/BT12225).
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_physical_defence_structures_absent Plant that lacks a physical defence structure.
plant_physical_defence_structures_sharp_pointed_defence Plant that has either spines, thorns, or prickles but the type of physical defence structure is not specified.
plant_physical_defence_structures_prickle A sharp-tipped outgrowth from the epidermis, bark or other plant organ that is explicitly not a spine (modified leaf) or thorn (modified stem).
plant_physical_defence_structures_pungent_leaf_apex A sharp-tipped leaf.
plant_physical_defence_structures_spine A sharp-pointed structure, which is a modified leaf or leaf part, including petioles, midribs, secondary veins, leaflets, or stipules.
plant_physical_defence_structures_stinging_or_irritant_hairs Trichomes that sting or irritate, by injecting a toxin.
plant_physical_defence_structures_thorn A sharp-pointed, stiff, woody modified stem.
has broader
plant structure morphology trait
leaf morphology trait
stem morphology trait
bark morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure plant structure
leaf
stem
bark
whole plant
measured characteristic
structure
surface feature shape
shape
keyword
spine leaf
spine stipule
thorn
prickle
defense
spine petiole
scope note
none
has close match
plant defense
examples
close match: Leaf emergences (pubescence, pruinescence, hairs, spines, thorns) [TRY:677] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Shoot emergences (pubescence, hairs, spines, thorns) [TRY:1255] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Stem emergences (pubescence, hairs, spines, thorns) [TRY:1256] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Leaf_spines_1 [GIFT:4.13.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
close match: Leaf_thorns_1 [GIFT:4.14.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
close match: Defence [GIFT:6.5] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
related match: Basic leaf shape [BROT:5] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
close match: Armature [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
references
Simpson 2019
Hanley 2007
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
physical_defence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030020

Plant climbing mechanisms

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030021
preferred label
Plant climbing mechanisms
alternative label
plant_climbing_mechanism
description
A whole plant [PO:0000003] phenotype [NCIT:C16977] trait that indicates stem [PO:0009047] and leaf [PO:0025034] structures [PATO:0000141] and physical mechanisms [NCIT:C25343] a plant uses to climb [NCIT:C81002] up other plants or substrates.
Mechanisms plants use to climb, including both specialised leaf and stem adaptations and stem growth habits.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_climbing_mechanism_adventitious_roots Roots arising from stem nodes which cling to a host plant.
plant_climbing_mechanism_hooks Curved stem outgrowths which allow climbers to cling to a host plant.
plant_climbing_mechanism_spines Straight stem outgrowths (including true spines as well as thorns and prickles) which allow climbers to cling to a host plant.
plant_climbing_mechanism_tendrils Modified leaves, petioles, or specialised axillary shoots that coil tightly, forming a specialised structure for climbing.
plant_climbing_mechanism_scrambling Stem growth habit, where the plant stems are too weak to support themselves, and instead lean on and are supported by host vegetation. There are no specialised structures employed.
plant_climbing_mechanism_twining Stem growth habit, where the plant stems twist or coil around a host plant to provide support.
has broader
whole plant phenotype trait
leaf morphology trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
whole plant
stem
leaf
measured characteristic
structure
mechanism
keyword
climbing
appendage
scope note
climbing and scrambling plants
examples
related match: Plant growth form [TRY:42] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Simpson 2019
Gallagher 2012
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
vine_climbing_mechanism
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030021

Plant succulence

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030022
preferred label
Plant succulence
alternative label
plant_succulence
description
A whole plant [PO:0000003] phenotype [NCIT:C16977] trait that indicates whether any plant tissues [CARO:0000043] are succulent [FLOPO:0900041], indicating they are thick [PATO:0000591] and fleshy [PATO:0002351], generally storing water [CHEBI:15377] as a drought tolerance [TO:0000276] adaptation or filling with water as a salt tolerance [TO:0006001] adaptation.
Trait indicating whether the leaves or stems of a plant are thick and fleshy because they store water, generally an adaptation to arid or salty environments.
comments
Succulence generally has either a water storage function or is a mechanism to cope with (or thrive in) saline conditions. See the categorical trait plant_tolerance_salt for plant salt tolerance and salt avoidance strategies and the numeric trait plant_tolerance_soil_salinity for the soil salinity a plant can tolerate.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_succulence_succulent_stems Stems are thick and fleshy.
plant_succulence_succulent_leaves Leaves are thick and fleshy.
plant_succulence_succulent A plant is designated as succulent but it is not specified which tissues are thick and fleshy.
plant_succulence_semi-succulent A plant has tissues that are somewhat thick and fleshy, including many chenopods.
plant_succulence_not_succulent Neither stems nor leaves are thick and fleshy.
has broader
whole plant phenotype trait
environmental tolerance trait
stem morphology trait
leaf morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
whole plant
stem
leaf
measured characteristic
structure
organismal quality
keyword
tissue succulence
water
drought tolerance
salt tolerance
salinity
fleshy
scope note
none
has exact match
tissue succulence
examples
related match: Plant growth form [TRY:42] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Succulence [GIFT:4.16.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
related match: Basic leaf shape [BROT:5] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Simpson 2019
Ogburn & Edwards 2010
date created
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030022

Stem growth habit

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030023
preferred label
Stem growth habit
alternative label
stem_growth_habit
description
A whole plant [PO:0000003] phenotype [NCIT:C16977] trait that indicates the structure [PATO:0000141] and 3-dimensional extent [PATO:0001710] of a plant’s vegetative shoot system [PO:0025607], including the position [PATO:0000140] of stems [PO:0009047], degree of branchiness [PATO:0002009], density [PATO:0001019] of branches [PO:0025073], and branch angles [PATO:0002326] relative to each other and the ground surface [sweetontology.net/realmSoil/Ground].
Trait characterising a stem’s structure and 3-dimensional extent, including the position of stems, degree of branchiness, density of branches, and branch angles relative to other branches and the ground surface.
comments
This trait captures how a plant explores 3-dimensional space, with trait values predominantly adjectives that modify the core plant growth forms.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
stem_growth_habit_arborescent Tree-like growth habit.
stem_growth_habit_erect Stems that grow upright.
stem_growth_habit_caespitose Multiple short-shoots arise from the base of the plant forming a dense tuft, as in a bunch-grass. (Synonyms, cespitose, bunch-grass, tussock)
stem_growth_habit_cushion-forming Multiple erect, short stems arise from the soil and are so tightly packed that they form dense, even, rounded canopy with no gaps. (Synonyms, cushion)
stem_growth_habit_mat-forming Multiple stems that are mostly horizontal and are densely packed but open enough that there are still a few gaps between them.
stem_growth_habit_tufted Plant has a dense clump of leaves, either at the base of the plant or clusters of leaves growing close together higher on the plant. This term can refer to grasses, shrubs, or trees.
stem_growth_habit_creeping Stem that creeps along the ground, rooting at nodes. (Synonyms, repent)
stem_growth_habit_decumbent Stems whose bases lie flat on the ground but whose tips grow upward. (Synonyms, ascending)
stem_growth_habit_prostrate Stems lie flat on the ground but do not root at nodes. (Synonyms, procumbent, reclining, trailing)
stem_growth_habit_rosette Plants whose leaves radiate from a central point at or near ground level. (Synonyms, acaulescent, rosulate)
stem_growth_habit_climbing Stem that does not have a self-supporting structure and ascends by leaning on or attaching itself to surrounding vegetation or another substrate. Climbing mechanisms include tendrils, petioles, adventitious roots, scrambling, and twining and are distinguished between in the trait plant_climbing_mechanism.
stem_growth_habit_sprawling Stem that sprawls across other plants or objects but lacks specialised climbing structures or mechanisms. (Synonyms, clambering, scandent)
stem_growth_habit_rhizomatous Plants with short horizontal underground stems from which shoots emerge.
stem_growth_habit_stoloniferous Plants with long horizontal branches either slightly belowground or aboveground, that root at their nodes or tips, producing new plants. (Synonyms, sarmentose)
stem_growth_habit_spreading Plants with a notable horizontal extent, referring either to a broad tree canopy or a shrub or herb that spreads across the ground.
stem_growth_habit_floating Plant where most of the leaves are floating on water.
stem_growth_habit_submerged Plant where most of the leaves are submerged beneath the surface of a waterbody.
stem_growth_habit_dense Plant with a high density of branches.
stem_growth_habit_compact Plant with closely packed branches.
stem_growth_habit_bushy Plant with much-branched branches. (Synonyms, shrubby)
stem_growth_habit_open Plant with an open architecture of branches.
stem_growth_habit_spindly Plants with weak, skinny branches.
has broader
whole plant phenotype trait
stem morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
whole plant
stem
leaf
measured characteristic
shape
3-D extent
position
angle
structure
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
vegetative shoot system
branchiness
growth
scope note
none
examples
related match: Shoot growth form [LEDA:3.2] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
related match: Leaf distribution along the stem [LEDA:3.3] (https://uol.de/en/landeco/research/leda/standards)
exact match: Shoot_orientation [GIFT:1.9.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
related match: Climber_2 [GIFT:1.4.2] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
Simpson 2019
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
change note
growth_habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030023

Leaf phenology

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030024
preferred label
Leaf phenology
alternative label
leaf_phenology
description
A whole plant [PO:0000003] phenotype [NCIT:C16977] trait characterising whether there is a part of the year when a plant sheds all leaves [PO:0025034] (shedability [PATO:0001729]) and the environmental conditions [ENVO:01000203] that cause a plant to shed its leaves.
Trait indicating whether a plant retains a leaf canopy throughout the year and what environmental cues are associated with canopy shedding.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
leaf_phenology_deciduous Plant loses its entire leaf canopy for part of the year, in response to either drought or cold.
leaf_phenology_evergreen Plant retains a leaf canopy throughout the year.
leaf_phenology_cold_deciduous Plant loses its entire leaf canopy for part of the year, in response to cold.
leaf_phenology_drought_deciduous Plant loses its entire leaf canopy for part of the year, in response to drought.
leaf_phenology_facultative_drought_deciduous Plant sometimes loses its leaf canopy for part of the year, in response to drought.
leaf_phenology_semi_deciduous Plant thins, but does not entirely lose, its leaf canopy in response to an environmental cue, usually drought.
leaf_phenology_brevi_deciduous Plant briefly loses its entire leaf canopy but flushes a new leaf canopy almost simultaneously to leaf loss.
has broader
plant phenological trait
plant structure plant structure
leaf
whole plant
measured characteristic
organismal quality
temporal pattern
response to
sensitivity
keyword
shedability
environmental condition
evergreen
deciduous
scope note
Plants with leaves.
has related match
shedability
examples
exact match: Phenology [TOP700] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf phenology type [TRY:37] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Deciduousnes_1 [GIFT:2.4.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: whole plant vegetative phenology [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Leaf phenology [BROT:4] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Williams 1997
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030024

Leaf lifespan

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030025
preferred label
Leaf lifespan
alternative label
leaf_lifespan
description
The duration [PATO:0001309] that an individual leaf [PO:0025034] is attached to the stem [PO:0009047] and is physiologically functional [PATO:0001510].
Duration of time that an individual leaf is attached to the stem and physiologically functional; leaf longevity.
comments
Leaf lifespan is the inverse of the rate of leaf turnover. For some species, leaflets or other portions of a leaf may be censused rather than the entire leaf lamina. Leaf lifespan can be censused as either the rate of shedding leaves (leaf death) or the rate of formation of new leaves (leaf birth).
value type
continuous variable
unit
mo
month
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
plant phenological trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
time
duration
keyword
shedability
longevity
scope note
applicable to plants with leaves
has exact match
leaf longevity time
examples
exact match: Leaf life span [TOP254] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Leaf lifespan (longevity) [TRY:12] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: leaf life span [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Average leaf lifespan [BROT:3] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Wright & Cannon 2001
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030025

Competitive stratum

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030026
preferred label
Competitive stratum
alternative label
competitive_stratum
description
A classification [NCIT:C25161] that indicates the vegetation layer [ENVO:01000355] a taxon [NCIT:C40098] reaches within its community [ECSO:00000310], used to assess competition [EnvThes:21097] within the community.
Categorical descriptions of a taxon’s relative stature in its community, used to assess competitive heirarchies within a community.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
competitive_stratum_ground Graminoids, herbs and ferns reaching maximum heights of c. 0.2-1 m.
competitive_stratum_mid Shrubs reaching maximum heights of c. 1-2 m.
competitive_stratum_upper Tall shrubs reaching maximum heights of c. 3-5 m.
competitive_stratum_post_fire_ephemeral Taxa that avoid competition with other strata by rapidly completing their life cycle after fire; a sub-category of ‘ground’.
has broader
whole plant phenotype trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
organismal quality
height
keyword
vegetation layer
community
competition
vegetation
examples
close match: UnderstoreyCanopy [PalmTraits] (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0)
references
Keith 2007
Gosper 2012
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030026

Plant nitrogen fixation capacity

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030027
preferred label
Plant nitrogen fixation capacity
alternative label
nitrogen_fixing
description
A trait which indicates whether a plant has the capacity to engage in symbioses [GO:0044403] with microorganisms [NCIT:C14329] (bacteria [NCIT:C14187], cyanobacteria [NCBITaxon:1117], and fungi [NCBITaxon:4751]) capable of nitrogen fixation [GO:0009399] and usually identified by nodulation [GO:0009877] on the plant roots [PO:0009005].
Binary variable describing whether a plant has the capacity for nitrogen fixatation, indicating it engages in symbioses with microorganisms (most commonly bacteria or cyanobacteria) that are capable of nitrogen fixation. Nitrogen fixation capacity is usually identified by nodules on the plant roots.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
nitrogen_fixing_non_nitrogen_fixer Plant does not host nitrogen-fixing microbes.
nitrogen_fixing_nitrogen_fixer Plant hosts nitrogen-fixing microbes in root nodules.
has broader
interspecific interactions trait
root morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
root
measured characteristic
organismal quality
keyword
biological process involved in symbiotic interaction, symbiosis
nitrogen fixation
nodulation
microorganism
mutualism
symbiosis
has exact match
nitrogen symbiotic fixation
has related match
root nodule number
examples
exact match: Plant nitrogen(N) fixation capacity [TRY:8] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Nitrogen_fix_1 [GIFT:4.5.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
close match: Nutritional relationships [BROT:18] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030027

Plant root structures

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030028
preferred label
Plant root structures
alternative label
root_structure
description
A trait which indicates types [NCIT:C25284] of root [PO:0009005] structures [PATO:0000141], including structures associated with mutualisms [GO:0085030] with mycorrhizae [EnvThes:20656].
Specific specialized types of root structures and root symbioses, especially symbioses with mycorrhizal fungi.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
root_structure_arbuscular_mycorrhizal Symbiosis in which the mycorrhizal fungi does penetrate the cortex cells of the plant roots and its hyphae form arbuscules and vesicles inside the plant root; endomycorrhizal, AM, VAM.
root_structure_carnivorous Plant has non-mycorrhizal carnivorous root.
root_structure_cluster_roots Non-proteoid taxa with cluster roots.
root_structure_coiling_vam Associations that spread predominantly by intracellular hyphal coils within roots.
root_structure_dauciform_root A type of cluster root found in the family Cyperaceae.
root_structure_ectomycorrhizal Symbiosis in which the mycorrhizal fungi does not penetrate the cortex cells of the plant roots.
root_structure_ericoid_mycorrhizal A form of arbuscular mycorrhizal relationship only found on plants in the order Ericales. The fungi’s hyphae penetrate the plant root but do not form arbuscules.
root_structure_fine_roots Particularly fine roots for nutrient uptake.
root_structure_haustorium A highly modified stem or root of a parasitic plant, such as mistletoe , or a specialized branch or tube originating from a hairlike filament (hypha) of a fungus. The haustorium penetrates the tissues of a host and absorbs nutrients and water.
root_structure_hemiparasitic_root Plant with a partially parasitic root.
root_structure_long_root_hairs Plant with specialised long root hairs.
root_structure_mycorrhizal Plant mycorrhizal but type not specified.
root_structure_non_mycorrhizal Plants lacking a mycorrhizal symbiont.
root_structure_orchid_mycorrhizal A mycorrhizal relationship specific to orchid taxa, and for most orchids, essential for seedlings to establish.
root_structure_parasitic_root Plant with a parasitic root.
root_structure_proteoid_root Also known as cluster roots, are plant roots that form clusters of closely spaced short lateral rootlets and aid in nutrient upake in nutrient-poor soils; common in members of the family Proteaceae but present in other families as well.
root_structure_root_hairs Plant with specialised root hairs.
root_structure_sand-binding Persistent sheaths of sand that form around the roots of taxa in the families Restionaceae, Cyperaceae, Haemodoraceae, and Lomandraceae in western Australia. Assumed to function in nutrient uptake.
root_structure_saprophyte Plant that acquires nutrients from decaying biomass.
root_structure_subepidermal_mycorrhizal Mycorrhizae where hyphae grow in a cavity under epidermal cells. Only in the genus Thysanotus (family Laxmaniaceae).
root_structure_unknown Root structures unknown.
has broader
interspecific interactions trait
root morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
root
measured characteristic
organismal quality
structure
keyword
mutualism
mycorrhizae
arbuscular mycorrhizal association
biological process involved in symbiotic interaction, symbiosis
haustorium
microorganism
symbiosis
examples
exact match: Mycorrhiza type [TRY:7] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Mycorrhiza_1 [GIFT:6.4.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
close match: Nutritional relationships [BROT:18] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Brundrett 2008
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030028

Plant parasitism status

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030029
preferred label
Plant parasitism status
alternative label
parasitic
description
A whole plant [PO:0000003] phenotype [NCIT:C16977] trait that indicates if a plant is involved in a parasitic [ECOCORE:00000146] symbiosis [ECOCORE:00000022] where it forms haustorium [GO:0085035] on a host [GO:0018995] plant and the host plant provides all or some of its high energy [PATO:0001021] carbon [CHEBI:27594] compounds [NCIT:C43366], mineral nutrition (nutrients [CHEBI:33284]) and/or water [CHEBI:15377].
Trait indicating whether a plant forms haustoria and obtains part or all of its energy-rich carbon compounds (photosynthetic sugars), mineral nutrition and/or water directly from another plant (its host) in an interaction that does not benefit the host plant.
comments
Plants described as parasitic in the context of this trait always have haustoria, specialised organs that penetrate the host plants’s vascular bundles. The trait root_structures documents symbiotic relationships with fungi. The trait plant_energy_acquisition_strategy documents specialised strategies or specialised organs or tissues plants use to obtain carbon or mineral nutrition.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
parasitic_hemiparasitic Plant that is photosynthetic but augments its energy, mineral nutrition, and /or water supply through parasitism. This trait value does not distinguish between obligate hemiparasites, plants which require a host for at least part of their life cycle, and facultative hemiparasites, plants which can grow and reproduce without a host.
parasitic_hemiparasitic_obligate Plant that is photosynthetic but requires a host for at least part of its life cycle.
parasitic_hemiparasitic_facultative Plant that is photosynthetic and can grow and reproduce without a host but augments its energy, mineral nutrition, and /or water supply through parasitism.
parasitic_holoparasitic Plant that obtains all (or nearly all) of its energy through parasitism.
parasitic_parasitic Plant that obtains some energy, mineral nutrition and/or water through parasitism. This term is used if a dataset does not specify if a plant is a hemiparasite or a holoparasite.
parasitic_not_parasitic In the context of this trait, a plant that does not acquire energy, mineral nutrition, and/or water via haustoria connected to another plant. It can include species that form a symbiosis, including a parasitic interaction, with a fungal partner.
parasitic_root_parasitic Parasitic plant whose haustoria penetrate the root of a host plant.
parasitic_stem_parasitic Parasitic plant whose haustoria penetrate the stem of a host plant.
has broader
interspecific interactions trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
organismal quality
structure
keyword
parasite
symbiosis
haustorium
energy
nutrient
parasitism
biological process involved in symbiotic interaction, symbiosis
scope note
none
examples
close match: Parasite_1 [GIFT:1.5.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
close match: Nutritional relationships [BROT:18] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Simpson 2019
Nickrent & Musselman 2004
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2022-10-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Ian J. Wright
Peter Vesk
Gregory J. Jordan
Andy Leigh
Patricia Lu-Irving
Lily Dun
David Coleman
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030029

Foliage time

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030030
preferred label
Foliage time
alternative label
foliage_time
description
A plant phenological trait [TO:0000933] which is the months [UO:0000035] during which a plant [PO:0000003] has leaves [PO:0025034].
Months during which taxon has leaves.
comments
Trait keyed as a sequences of 12 Ns (without foliage) and Ys (with foliage), representing the 12 months, starting with January.
value type
categorical variable
has broader
plant phenological trait
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
time
duration
temporal pattern
keyword
shedability
environmental condition
evergreen
deciduous
plant phenological trait
has related match
vegetative growth time
examples
close match: Leaf phenology [BROT:4] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2025-04-01”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2025-06-03”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030030

Plant sex type

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030060
preferred label
Plant sex type
alternative label
sex_type
description
A plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000839] which is the distribution [PATO:0000060] of male [PATO:0000384], female [PATO:0000383], and hermaphroditic [PATO:0001340] flowers [PO:0009046] on one individual [EFO:0000542] and across multiple individuals in a population [PCO:0000001].
Plant sex type, indicating, for a taxon the type of flowers (male, female, and hermaphroditic) present on individual plants versus separate plants within a population.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
sex_type_androdioecious Taxa in which hermaphroditic and staminate (male) plants coexist within a population.
sex_type_andromonoecious Taxa with hermaphrodite flowers and staminate flowers (producing just male gametes) on the same plant but no pistillate (female) flowers.
sex_type_dioecious Taxa that produce male and female flowers on separate plants.
sex_type_gynodioecious Taxa in which hermaphroditic and pistillate (female) plants coexist within a population.
sex_type_gynomonoecious Taxa with hermaphrodite flowers and pistillate flowers (producing just female gametes) on the same plant but no staminate (male) flowers.
sex_type_hermaphrodite Taxa with flowers that produce both male and female gametes; bisexual.
sex_type_monoecious Taxa that have both male and female flowers on the same plant but an individual flower produces only male or female gametes.
sex_type_polygamous Taxa with both unisexual and bisexual flowers on the same plant.
sex_type_polygamodioecious Taxa where some flowers on a plant are hermaphrodite and other are pistillate (female) or staminate (male).
sex_type_polygamonoecious Taxa where some plants in a population have hermaphrodite and pistillate (female) flowers and others have hermaphrodite and staminate (male) flowers.
sex_type_trioecious Taxa where plants in a population have either hermaphroditic (bisexual) flowers, pistillate (female) flowers, or staminate (male) flowers.
sex_type_unknown Inadequate information to assign a sex type.
has broader
plant structure morphology trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
flower
measured characteristic
organismal quality
spatial pattern, distribution
keyword
hermaphrodite
phenotypic sex
has close match
mating system
examples
exact match: Plant dicliny type [TOP295] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Flower sexual syndrome (dichogamy, cleistogamy, dioecious, monoecious) [TRY:915] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Reproduction_sexual_1 [GIFT:3.4.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: whole plant sexual system [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030060

Pollination syndrome

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030061
preferred label
Pollination syndrome
alternative label
pollination_syndrome
description
A classification [NCIT:C25161] based on a taxon’s [NCIT:C40098] flower morphology traits [TO:0000499] that indicates the taxa (biotic vectors) or abiotic mechanisms [NCIT:C25343] that most likely pollinate [GO:0009856] a flower [PO:0009046].
For a given taxon, the biotic vectors (including explicit taxa) or abiotic mechanisms that are most likely to pollinate its flowers, based on the taxon’s flower morphology.
comments
Trait values include both very specific terms and quite general ones, reflecting the variation in detail provided across studies.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
pollination_syndrome_abiotic Floral syndrome indicates pollination occurs through wind, water, or collision of free-floating particles.
pollination_syndrome_biotic Floral syndrome suggests flowers are pollinated by a biotic agent.
pollination_syndrome_animal Floral syndrome suggests flowers are animal-pollinated.
pollination_syndrome_ballistic Floral syndrome suggests pollen is launched away from the plant by explosion.
pollination_syndrome_bat Floral syndrome suggests flowers are bat-pollinated.
pollination_syndrome_bee Floral syndrome suggests flowers are bee-pollinated.
pollination_syndrome_beetle Floral syndrome suggests flowers are beetle-pollinated.
pollination_syndrome_bird Floral syndrome suggests flowers are bird-pollinated.
pollination_syndrome_butterfly Floral syndrome suggests flowers are butterfly-pollinated.
pollination_syndrome_fly Floral syndrome suggests flowers are fly-pollinated.
pollination_syndrome_insect Floral syndrome suggests flowers are insect-pollinated, type of insect not specified.
pollination_syndrome_mammal Floral syndrome suggests flowers are mammal-pollinated.
pollination_syndrome_moth Floral syndrome suggests flowers are moth-pollinated.
pollination_syndrome_thrip Floral syndrome suggests flowers are thrip-pollinated.
pollination_syndrome_vertebrate Floral syndrome suggests flowers are vertebrate-pollinated (bats, birds, mammals or lizards).
pollination_syndrome_wasp Floral syndrome suggests flowers are wasp-pollinated.
pollination_syndrome_water Floral syndrome suggests flowers are water-pollinated.
pollination_syndrome_wind Floral syndrome suggests flowers are wind-pollinated.
pollination_syndrome_self Floral syndrome suggests flowers are primarily self-pollinating.
pollination_syndrome_pollination_rare Plants mostly reproduce through vegetative spread and flowering is rare.
has broader
floral organ morphology trait
interspecific interactions trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
organismal quality
mechanism
keyword
pollination
mutualism
biological process involved in symbiotic interaction, symbiosis
pollinator
reproduction
symbiosis
scope note
applicable to seed plants (gymnosperms and angiosperms)
examples
exact match: Flower pollination syndrome [TOP333] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Pollination syndrome [TRY:29] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Pollination syndrome [GIFT:3.6] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: flower pollination syndrome [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Ollerton 2019
Dellinger 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-02-23”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Ruby Stephens
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030061

Pollination system

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030062
preferred label
Pollination system
alternative label
pollination_system
description
A classification [NCIT:C25161] based on explicit field studies of pollination [GO:0009856] in the taxon’s [NCIT:C40098] native range (preferred) or else a combination of a taxon’s flower morphology traits [TO:0000499] (that suggest specific [NCIT:C38024] taxa (biotic vectors) or abiotic mechanisms [NCIT:C25343] that most likely pollinate [GO:0009856] a flower [PO:0009046]) and the pollinators actually observed visiting the taxon’s flower.
For a given taxon, the biotic vectors (including explicit taxa) or abiotic mechanisms that are most likely to pollinate its flowers, based on explicit field studies of pollination in the taxon’s native range (preferred) or else a combination of possible pollinators observed visiting a taxon’s flowers and the taxon’s flower morphology.
comments
Trait values include both very specific terms and quite general ones, reflecting the variation in detail provided across studies.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
pollination_system_abiotic Observations indicate pollination occurs through wind, water, or collision of free-floating particles.
pollination_system_biotic_unspecialised Taxa are pollinated by a biotic agent, but do not have a specialist pollinator.
pollination_system_biotic_specialised Taxa depend upon a specialist pollinator for pollen transfer.
pollination_system_animal Flowers are observed to be animal-pollinated.
pollination_system_ballistic Pollen is observed to be launched away from the plant by explosion.
pollination_system_bat Flowers are observed to be bat-pollinated.
pollination_system_bee Flowers are observed to be bee-pollinated.
pollination_system_beetle Flowers are observed to be beetle-pollinated.
pollination_system_bird Flowers are observed to be bird-pollinated.
pollination_system_butterfly Flowers are observed to be butterfly-pollinated.
pollination_system_fly Flowers are observed to be fly-pollinated.
pollination_system_insect Flowers are observed to be insect-pollinated, type of insect not specified.
pollination_system_mammal Flowers are observed to be mammal-pollinated.
pollination_system_moth Flowers are observed to be moth-pollinated.
pollination_system_thrip Flowers are observed to be thrip-pollinated.
pollination_system_vertebrate Flowers are observed to be vertebrate-pollinated (bats, birds, mammals or lizards).
pollination_system_wasp Flowers are observed to be wasp-pollinated.
pollination_system_water Flowers are observed to be water-pollinated.
pollination_system_wind Flowers are observed to be wind-pollinated.
pollination_system_self Flowers are self-pollinated.
has broader
floral organ morphology trait
interspecific interactions trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
organismal quality
mechanism
keyword
pollination
mutualism
biological process involved in symbiotic interaction, symbiosis
pollinator
reproduction
symbiosis
scope note
applicable to seed plants (gymnosperms and angiosperms)
examples
close match: Pollination syndrome [TRY:29] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Self_fertilization_1 [GIFT:3.1.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
Ollerton 2019
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-02-23”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Ruby Stephens
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030062

Plant genome size

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030080
preferred label
Plant genome size
alternative label
genome_size
description
The total mass [PATO:0000125] of chromosomes [NCIT:C13202] that comprise a plant’s genome [OMIT:0027643] in a somatic cell [CL:0002371].
Mass of all chromosomes, the genome, in a somatic cell.
value type
continuous variable
unit
pg
picogram
minAllowedValue
0.5
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
genetic structure trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
mass
keyword
genome size
somatic cell
chromosome
has exact match
genome size
examples
exact match: Species genotype: genome size [TRY:1022] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030080

Chromosome ploidy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030081
preferred label
Chromosome ploidy
alternative label
ploidy
description
The count [NCIT:C25463] of copies of each chromosome [NCIT:C13202] present in a somatic cell [CL:0002371].
Chromosome ploidy, the number of copies of each chromosome present in a somatic cell.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
4
has broader
genetic structure trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
has number of
count
keyword
somatic cell
chromosome
ploidy
has exact match
ploidy
ploidy level
examples
exact match: Plant chromosome number [TOP241] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Species genotype: chromosome ploidy [TRY:222] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Chromosome_number [GIFT:5.1.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030081

Age of reproductive maturity

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030210
preferred label
Age of reproductive maturity
alternative label
reproductive_maturity
description
The age [NCIT:C25150] of a plant when it is capable of sexual reproduction [GO:0000003], which is the time interval (duration) [PATO:0001309] between seed germination [GO:0009845] and when a plant is able to produce mature [PATO:0001701] seed [PO:0009010].
The age of a plant when they are able to set seed, indicating it is reproductively mature.
comments
Although reproductive maturity should be marked by the ability to set viable seed, this trait will often be scored as when plants first produce flowers, as this is easier to score. This trait is only meant to capture primary reproductive maturity, not secondary reproductive maturity following a disturbance. See a series of traits starting with fire_time_from_fire_to_flowering and fire_time_from_fire_to_fruiting for measures of secondary reproductive maturity.
value type
continuous variable
unit
a
year
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
plant phenological trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
age
duration
organismal quality
keyword
reproduction
flowering stage
maturity
has exact match
days to maturity
examples
exact match: whole plant primary juvenile period length [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Age at maturity of saplings [BROT:42] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030210

Diaspore dispersal syndrome

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030211
preferred label
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
alternative label
dispersal_syndrome
description
A classification [NCIT:C25161] based on a taxon’s [NCIT:C40098] seed morphology traits [TO:0000184] or fruit morphology traits [TO:0002629] that indicates the taxa (biotic vectors) or abiotic mechanisms [NCIT:C25343] that most likely disperse [OMIT: 0027297] seeds [PO:0009010] and fruit [PO:0009001] away from the parent plant.
Plant dispersal syndromes are generally assigned to species based on suites of diaspore characteristics associated with specific mechanisms of dispersal. Trait values are mostly given as the formal dispersal syndromes ending in ‘chory’, a suffix meaning ‘a specified method of plant dispersal’.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
dispersal_syndrome_anemochory Diaspore is dispersed by wind. (Synonyms, wind)
dispersal_syndrome_anthrochory Diaspore is dispersed by humans, either intentionally or unintentionally.
dispersal_syndrome_atelochory Diaspore dispersal is prevented. (Synonyms, antitelochory)
dispersal_syndrome_autochory Diaspore is dispersed by methods originating from the parent plant or diaspore.
dispersal_syndrome_ballistic Seeds are launched away from the plant by explosion as soon as the seed capsule opens.
dispersal_syndrome_barochory Diaspores are dispersed without assistance. (Synonyms, gravity, mobile, unassisted, passive)
dispersal_syndrome_chamaechory Diaspore is dispersed by being rolled along ground surface by wind.
dispersal_syndrome_endozoochory Diaspore is ingested by animals, either intentionally or accidentally, then transported before being deposited. (Synonyms, ingestion)
dispersal_syndrome_epizoochory Diaspore is dispersed by accidentally attaching itself to the outside of an animal vector. (Synonyms, ectozoochory, exozoochory)
dispersal_syndrome_hydrochory Diaspore is dispersed on the surface of water. (Synonyms, water)
dispersal_syndrome_myrmecochory Diaspores have elaiosomes (specialised nutritious appendages) that make them attractive for capture, transport and use by ants or related insects.
dispersal_syndrome_undefined Dispersal mechanism unknown. (Synonyms, unknown)
dispersal_syndrome_zoochory Diaspore is dispersed by animals, by an undescribed mechanism.
has broader
interspecific interactions trait
seed morphology trait
fruit morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
fruit
measured characteristic
organismal quality
mechanism
shape
keyword
mutualism
biological process involved in symbiotic interaction, symbiosis
seed dispersal
appendage
symbiosis
examples
exact match: Plant dispersal syndrome [TOP346] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Dispersal syndrome [TRY:28] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Dispersal syndrome [GIFT:3.3] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: whole plant dispersal syndrome [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
exact match: Dispersal mode [BROT:23] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Saatkamp 2018
Wigley 2020
LEDA Data Standards 2005
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030211

Diaspore dispersal agents

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030212
preferred label
Diaspore dispersal agents
alternative label
dispersers
description
The taxa [NCIT:C40098] (biotic vectors) and abiotic mechanisms [NCIT:C25343] that disperse [OMIT: 0027297] seeds [PO:0009010] and fruit [PO:0009001] away from a parent plant.
Dominant diaspore dispersal agents, including both biotic agents (specific taxa) or abiotic mechanisms responsible for dispersing seeds (or other dispersal units) away from the parent plant.
comments
Allowable terms for biotic dispersal agents include taxa at both the species-level and much broader groupings, reflecting both the different levels of resolution provided by researchers and whether a plant has specific versus broad dispersal agents. Abiotic dispersal mechanisms can likewise be quite general or specific, depending on data availability.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
dispersers_indigenous_people Indigenous people disperse the fruit through traditional practices.
dispersers_abiotic Fruits are dispersed by unspecified abiotic mechanisms.
dispersers_ants Ants are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_animals Animals are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_bats Bats are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_birds Birds are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_cassowaries Cassowaries, in contrast to smaller flying birds, are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_fish Fish are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_floods Floods are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_flying_vertebrates Flying birds and bats are important fruit dispersal agents.
dispersers_flying_foxes Flying foxes are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_garden_refuse Fruit are dispersed through garden refuse.
dispersers_insects Insects are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_invertebrates Invertebrates are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_mammals Mammals are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_mammals_domestic Domesticated ammals are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_non-flying_vertebrates Mammals and non-flying birds (i.e. cassowary, emu) are important fruit dispersal agents.
dispersers_passive There is no special dispersal agent.
dispersers_rain Rain is an important fruit dispersal agent; the diaspore is propelled by action of rain on plant structure or the wetting of the plant structure by rain or dew.
dispersers_rodents Rodents are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_vehicles Vehicles are an important dispersal agent, such as through mud on tyres.
dispersers_vertebrates Vertebrates are an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_wind Wind is an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_water Water is an important fruit dispersal agent.
dispersers_water_currents Water currents are an important fruit dispersal agent; the diaspore may be either floating or submerged in fresh/saltwater currents.
has broader
interspecific interactions trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
fruit
measured characteristic
organismal quality
mechanism
keyword
mutualism
biological process involved in symbiotic interaction, symbiosis
seed dispersal
symbiosis
examples
close match: Plant dispersal syndrome [TOP346] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
close match: Dispersal syndrome [TRY:28] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Pérez-Harguindeguy 2013
Saatkamp 2018
Wigley 2020
LEDA Data Standards 2005
Kew Seed Information Database 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030212

Environmental flowering cues

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030213
preferred label
Environmental flowering cues
alternative label
flowering_cues
description
Unpredictable, irregular environmental conditions [ENVO:01000203] that are linked to a plant [PO:0000003] producing flowers [PO:0009046].
A plants’ flowering response to unpredictable, irregular environmental cues.
comments
Taxa may be scored as having an environmental flowering cue, but also display a season-specific flowering response which is captured in the trait flowering_time. For additional details on a plant’s post-fire flowering response see also the trait post_fire_flowering.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
flowering_cues_rain Plants increase flowering in response to rain, but the time of year is not specified.
flowering_cues_rain_obligate Plants only flower following rain events.
flowering_cues_rain_all_year Plants increase flowering in response to rain at any time of the year.
flowering_cues_rain_summer Plants increase flowering in response to summer rains.
flowering_cues_rain_autumn Plants increase flowering in response to autumn rains.
flowering_cues_rain_winter Plants increase flowering in response to winter rains.
flowering_cues_rain_spring Plants increase flowering in response to spring rains.
flowering_cues_floods Plants increase flowering in response to floods.
flowering_cues_fire Plants increase flowering in response to fires.
has broader
plant phenological trait
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
time
duration
keyword
whole plant flowering stage
flowering time trait
environmental condition
disturbance (event
fire
references
no linked references
date created
2023-05-19”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030213

Flowering time, by month

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030214
preferred label
Flowering time, by month
alternative label
flowering_time
description
The months [UO:0000035] during which a plant [PO:0000003] has open (anthetic) flowers [PO:0009046] and is therefore at the whole plant flowering stage [PO:0007016].
Months during which taxon has open (anthetic) flowers.
comments
Trait keyed as a sequences of 12 Ns (not flowering) and Ys (flowering), representing the 12 months, starting with January.
value type
categorical variable
has broader
plant phenological trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
measured characteristic
time
duration
temporal pattern
keyword
whole plant flowering stage
flowering time trait
has close match
flowering time
has related match
whole plant flowering stage
examples
related match: Plant flowering begin trait [TOP292] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
related match: Plant flowering end trait [TOP293] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Flower onset of flowering (first flowering date, flowering beginning) [TRY:2956] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Flowering time [GIFT:3.7] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: plant flowering duration [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
close match: plant flowering begin [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Saatkamp 2018
Stephens 2022
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030214

Fruiting time, by month

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030215
preferred label
Fruiting time, by month
alternative label
fruiting_time
description
The months [UO:0000035] during which a plant [PO:0000003] produces fruit [PO:0009001] with mature [PATO:0001701] seeds [PO:0009010].
Months during which taxon produces fruit with mature seeds.
comments
Trait keyed as a sequences of 12 Ns (not fruiting) and Ys (fruiting), representing the 12 months, starting with January.
value type
categorical variable
has broader
plant phenological trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
measured characteristic
time
duration
temporal pattern
keyword
whole plant fruit development stage
examples
exact match: Fruiting time [GIFT:3.8] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: plant fruiting duration [BIEN] (https://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/biendata)
references
Saatkamp 2018
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030215

Seedling recruitment time, by month

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030216
preferred label
Seedling recruitment time, by month
alternative label
recruitment_time
description
The months [UO:0000035] during which seed [PO:0009010] germination [GO:0009845] and seedling establishment [EnvThes:20410] occurs.
The months during which seed germination and seedling establishment occurs.
comments
Trait keyed as a sequences of 12 Ns (not recruiting) and Ys (recruiting), representing the 12 months, starting with January.
value type
categorical variable
has broader
plant phenological trait
environmental tolerance trait
fire response trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
seed
measured characteristic
time
organismal quality
keyword
seed germination
recruitment
seedling
seedling establishment
reproduction
references
Auld 1990
date created
2023-05-19”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030216

Seedling establishment conditions

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030217
preferred label
Seedling establishment conditions
alternative label
seedling_establishment_conditions
description
The environmental conditions [ENVO:01000203] under which a taxon [NCIT:C40098] displays seed [PO:0009010] germination [GO:0009845] and seedling establishment [EnvThes:20410], with trait values reflecting successional changes to the vegetation community.
The environmental conditions under which a taxon’s seedlings can establish, with trait values reflecting successional changes to the vegetation community.
comments
The selection of trait values does not distinguish between the ability to establish in intermediate age versus mature vegetation, as this level of detail is rarely provided in datasets.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seedling_establishment_conditions_establish_post_fire Seedling establishment occurs following fire.
seedling_establishment_conditions_establish_post_disturbance Seedling establishment occurs following disturbances that increase light levels at the ground surface, but the type of disturbance is not documented.
seedling_establishment_conditions_establish_anytime Seedlings can establish immediately following a disturbance and in later years as vegetation ages, right thru to mature and over-mature vegetation
seedling_establishment_conditions_establish_intermediate_to_mature_vegetation Seedlings require some environmental characteristics not found in vegetation straight after fires to establish, for they cannot establish within the first season or two after fire but can establish in older vegetation (including mature to over-mature vegetation).
has broader
plant phenological trait
environmental tolerance trait
fire response trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
seed
measured characteristic
time
organismal quality
keyword
seed germination
recruitment
seedling
seedling establishment
reproduction
environmental condition
examples
related match: Seedling establishment [TRY:3620] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2023-05-19”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030217

Canopy light environment required for reproduction

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030218
preferred label
Canopy light environment required for reproduction
alternative label
reproductive_light_environment_index
description
A plant phenological [TO:0000933] life history [ECOCORE:00000018] trait which is an index [NCIT:C25390] that captures the level of photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] required by plants for reproduction [GO:0000003].
The minimum light environment required by plants for reproduction, scaled from 0 to 8.
comments
0 indicates No direct light, extremely low levels of transmitted/reflected light, such as beneath dense fern or palm fronds close to ground level.; 0.5 indicates No direct light, very low levels of transmitted light; 1 indicates Rare or no exposure to direct light from lateral sources, and low levels of transmitted light.; 2 indicates Low lateral light and low-moderate transmitted light with <10% of inverted cone exposed to lateral sources of direct light, plus low to moderate levels of transmitted light; 3 indicates Low-moderate lateral & moderate transmitted light, with <5% exposure of the focal crown to vertical direct light, and <15 % of inverted cone exposed to lateral sources of direct light, plus moderate transmitted light.; 4 indicates Moderate lateral light & moderate-high transmitted light, with 5 - 10% exposure of focal crown to direct vertical light, plus 2-20% exposure of inverted cone to lateral sources of direct light, plus moderate to high levels of transmitted light.; 5 indicates Moderate vertical light and moderate-high lateral light, with 5 - 20% exposure of focal crown to direct vertical light, plus one or both of, i. 10-40% exposure of 90-degree inverted cone to lateral sources of direct light, ii. exposure to high levels of transmitted light; 6 indicates Moderate-High vertical and high lateral light, with 10-30% of vertical projection of the crown exposed to vertical light, and lateral light exposure for > 40% of 90-degree inverted cone, 7 indicates High vertical and lateral light, with 30-80% of vertical projection of the crown exposed to vertical light, or exposure to lateral sources of direct light for > 60 % of a 90-degree inverted cone encompassing the focal crown.; 8 indicates Full light exposure of crown, with > 80% of the vertical projection of the crown exposed to vertical light..
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
8
has broader
plant phenological trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
response to
tolerance
sensitivity
keyword
photosynthetically active radiation
reproduction
environmental condition
recruitment
radiation
has related match
shade tolerance
examples
related match: Species light requirement [TRY:788] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Wells 2012
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030218

Canopy light environment required for seedling establishment

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030219
preferred label
Canopy light environment required for seedling establishment
alternative label
establishment_light_environment_index
description
A plant phenological [TO:0000933] life history [ECOCORE:00000018] trait which is an index [NCIT:C25390] that captures the level of photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] required by plants for seed germination [GO:0009845] and seedling establishment [EnvThes:20410].
The minimum light environment required by seedlings for establishment, scaled from 0 to 8.
comments
0 indicates No direct light, extremely low levels of transmitted/reflected light, such as beneath dense fern or palm fronds close to ground level.; 0.5 indicates No direct light, very low levels of transmitted light; 1 indicates Rare or no exposure to direct light from lateral sources, and low levels of transmitted light.; 2 indicates Low lateral light and low-moderate transmitted light with <10% of inverted cone exposed to lateral sources of direct light, plus low to moderate levels of transmitted light; 3 indicates Low-moderate lateral & moderate transmitted light, with <5% exposure of the focal crown to vertical direct light, and <15 % of inverted cone exposed to lateral sources of direct light, plus moderate transmitted light.; 4 indicates Moderate lateral light & moderate-high transmitted light, with 5 - 10% exposure of focal crown to direct vertical light, plus 2-20% exposure of inverted cone to lateral sources of direct light, plus moderate to high levels of transmitted light.; 5 indicates Moderate vertical light and moderate-high lateral light, with 5 - 20% exposure of focal crown to direct vertical light, plus one or both of, i. 10-40% exposure of 90-degree inverted cone to lateral sources of direct light, ii. exposure to high levels of transmitted light; 6 indicates Moderate-High vertical and high lateral light, with 10-30% of vertical projection of the crown exposed to vertical light, and lateral light exposure for > 40% of 90-degree inverted cone, 7 indicates High vertical and lateral light, with 30-80% of vertical projection of the crown exposed to vertical light, or exposure to lateral sources of direct light for > 60 % of a 90-degree inverted cone encompassing the focal crown.; 8 indicates Full light exposure of crown, with > 80% of the vertical projection of the crown exposed to vertical light..
value type
continuous variable
unit
{dimensionless}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
8
has broader
plant phenological trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
response to
tolerance
sensitivity
keyword
photosynthetically active radiation
reproduction
environmental condition
seed germination
seedling establishment
recruitment
radiation
has related match
shade tolerance
examples
related match: Species light requirement [TRY:788] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Wells 2012
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030219

Seed storage location

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030411
preferred label
Seed storage location
alternative label
seedbank_location
description
The location [NCIT:C25341] of a plant’s [PO:0000003] seedbank [MESH:D000068098], indicating locations where mature [PATO:0001701] seeds [PO:0009010] are stored and remain viable [PATO:0000169] until germination [GO:0009845].
Location of a plant’s seedbank, the location where mature seeds are stored and viable until germinating.
comments
Related traits include seed_longevity, and serotiny.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seedbank_location_seedbank A seedbank exists, but its locations is not specified.
seedbank_location_canopy_seedbank Seeds stored in the canopy, usually still within a woody cone.
seedbank_location_soil_seedbank Seeds stored in the soil.
seedbank_location_canopy_seedbank_absent Seed explicitly not stored in the canopy.
seedbank_location_soil_seedbank_absent Seed explicitly not stored in the soil.
seedbank_location_none Seeds are not stored.
has broader
fire response trait
reproductive structure life history trait
plant phenological trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
seed
whole plant
fruit
measured characteristic
position
organismal quality
keyword
seed germination
seed bank
reproduction
seed viability
soil
canopy
seed dormancy
examples
exact match: Seedbank type [TRY:159] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Lamont 1991
Lamont 2020
Leck 2012
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030411

Serotiny

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030412
preferred label
Serotiny
alternative label
serotiny
description
A fire response trait which indicates whether a fruit [PO:0009001] or cone [strobilus; PO:0025083] remains closed in the canopy [ENVO:01001242] after maturation [TO:0002661], with the seed [PO:0009010] only being released [NCIT:C42882] after a specific [NCIT:C38024] environmental conditions [ENVO:01000203], usually an environmental cue associated with a fire [ENVO:01000786], but possibly also drought or extreme heat.
Categorical variable describing whether a fruit or cone remains closed in the plant canopy after maturation until an environmental cue, usually a fire, but possibly also drought or extreme heat, triggers it to release its seeds.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
serotiny_not_serotinous Plant does not display serotiny.
serotiny_serotinous Plant serotinous, level not specified.
serotiny_serotiny_low Plant displays a weak level of serotiny, indicating it releases most of its seeds gradually, with only a small proportion of the seeds retained as a canopy seedbank until an environmental cue triggers the release of the entire seedbank.
serotiny_serotiny_moderate Plant displays a moderate level of serotiny, indicating it releases some of its seeds gradually, with the remainder retained as a canopy seedbank until an environmental cue triggers the release of the entire seedbank.
serotiny_serotiny_high Plant displays a strong level of serotiny, indicating all seeds are retained as a canopy seedbank until an environmental cue triggers their release.
has broader
fire response trait
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
fruit
measured characteristic
organismal quality
requirement
response to
keyword
seed maturation
environmental condition
fire
reproduction
canopy
seed bank
seed viability
seed dormancy
examples
close match: Seedbank type [TRY:159] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Serotiny level [BROT:39] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Lamont 2020
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030412

Seedbank longevity class

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030413
preferred label
Seedbank longevity class
alternative label
seedbank_longevity_class
description
A seedbank’s [MESH:D000068098] longevity [EnvThes:22228], expressed as a categorical variable [STATO:0000252], where seedbank longevity is the time interval (duration [PATO:0001309]) a mature [PATO:0001701] seed [PO:0009010] remains in the seedbank, viable [PATO:0000169] and able to germinate [GO:0009845].
Categorical groupings indicating the length of time (duration) a mature seed remains in the seedbank, viable and able to germinate.
comments
Seedbank longevity classes are a feature of a population (sample) of seeds, not an individual seed. Also see the traits seedbank_longevity (numeric trait), seed_dormancy_class and the trait seed_recruitment_timing.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seedbank_longevity_class_transient Seed that survives in the seedbank until its first annual germination season, but not until its second annual germination season. Some transient seeds will germinate within weeks to months, while others may remain in the seedbank for slightly over a year, depending on how the annual recruitment season aligns with seed maturation. Transient seeds are non-dormant, remaining in the seedbank until environmental conditions are appropriate for germination.
seedbank_longevity_class_persistent Seed that survives in the seedbank until at least its second germination season.
seedbank_longevity_class_short_persistent Seed that persists in the seedbank for approximately 1 to 5 years, although the time interval varies by study.
seedbank_longevity_class_long_persistent Seed that persists in the seedbank for more than 5 years, although the time interval varies by study.
seedbank_longevity_class_widely_dispersed Seed longevity not important, as seeds are widely dispersed and always available for germination.
has broader
fire response trait
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
time
duration
keyword
seed germination
seed bank
reproduction
seed longevity
survival
seed dormancy
has exact match
seed longevity time
has close match
seed longevity
examples
close match: Canopy seed bank longevity [BROT:38] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
close match: Soil seed bank longevity [BROT:40] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Walck 2005
Thompson & Ooi 2010
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
change note
seed_longevity_categorical
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030413

Seedbank longevity

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030414
preferred label
Seedbank longevity
alternative label
seedbank_longevity
description
The half-life of the seedbank [MESH:D000068098], with is the time interval (duration [PATO:0001309]) from when seeds [PO:0009010] in a seedbank mature [PATO:0001701] until more than half the seeds in a seedbank are no longer able to germinate [GO:0009845].
The half-life of the seedbank, which is the length of time (duration) from when seeds in a seedbank mature until more than half the seeds in a seedbank are no longer able to germinate.
comments
Seedbank longevity can only be measured on a population (sample) of seeds, not on an individual seed. Also see the traits seedbank_longevity_class, seed_dormancy_class and seed_recruitment_timing.
value type
continuous variable
unit
a
year
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
fire response trait
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
time
duration
keyword
seed germination
seed bank
reproduction
seed longevity
survival
seed dormancy
has exact match
seed longevity time
seed longevity
examples
close match: Canopy seed bank longevity [BROT:38] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
close match: Soil seed bank longevity [BROT:40] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Thompson & Ooi 2010
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
change note
seed_longevity_numeric
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030414

Dormancy type

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030415
preferred label
Dormancy type
alternative label
seed_dormancy_class
description
Physical [PATO:0002079], physiological [NCIT:C16990], and morphological [PATO:0000051] mechanisms [NCIT:C25343] that inhibit mature [PATO:0001701] seeds [PO:0009010] from germinating [GO:0009845].
Mechanisms that inhibit mature seeds from germinating and the environmental or experimental cues that allow a seed to break dormancy and germinate.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seed_dormancy_class_morphophysiological_dormancy Seeds exhibit morphophysiological dormancy, with both morphological and physiological dormancy mechanisms that must be overcome.
seed_dormancy_class_morphological_dormancy Seeds exhibit morphological dormancy, generally because an underdeveloped embryo needs to grow.
seed_dormancy_class_non_dormant Seeds are non-dormant.
seed_dormancy_class_physical_dormancy Seeds exhibit physical dormancy, due to one or more water-impermeable layers in the seed coat.
seed_dormancy_class_physiological_dormancy Seeds exhibit physiological dormancy, whereby chemical changes are required within the seed to break dormancy, including temperature stratification and after-ripening.
has broader
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
organismal quality
requirement
mechanism
response to
keyword
seed germination
environmental condition
experimental condition
seed dormancy
reproduction
recruitment
has related match
seed dormancy
examples
close match: Chemical germination cues [BROT:35] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
close match: Heat-stimulated germination [BROT:36] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
close match: Other germination cues [BROT:37] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Baskin & Baskin 2004
Thompson & Ooi 2010
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
change note
dormancy_type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030415

Seed germination treatment

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030416
preferred label
Seed germination treatment
alternative label
seed_germination_treatment
description
The treatment [EFO:0000727] or experimental conditions [XCO:0000000] required for a high [NCIT:C25227] proportion [PATO:0001470] of seeds [PO:0009010] to germinate [GO:0009845] .
Treatment required for seed to display high germination rates. The data included in AusTraits are mostly from seed banks that have recorded the protocols they use to encourage seeds to germinate. The treatments may therefore be only loosely connected to the cues required for a species’ to break dormancy.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
seed_germination_treatment_after_ripening Seed germinates more readily after a period of warm, dry storage.
seed_germination_treatment_chemical_treatment Seed germinates more readily after a chemical treatment.
seed_germination_treatment_cold Seed germinates more readily after cold treatment.
seed_germination_treatment_dark Seed germinates more readily after being stored in the dark.
seed_germination_treatment_heat Seed germinates more readily after being heated.
seed_germination_treatment_heat_lethal Seed is heat sensitive. (A fire response, more than a treatment to break dormancy.)
seed_germination_treatment_heat+smoke Seed germinates more readily after a treatment that merges heat and smoke.
seed_germination_treatment_imbibe_hot Seed germinates more readily after being soaked in hot water; water temperature usually between 70 deg C to just below boiling.
seed_germination_treatment_leaching Seed germinates more readily after leaching out certain chemicals.
seed_germination_treatment_light Seed germinates more readily after light exposure.
seed_germination_treatment_mycorrhizae Seed germinates more readily if infected by a mycorrhizal symbiont.
seed_germination_treatment_none No treatment required for seed to display high germination rates.
seed_germination_treatment_rain Seed germinates more readily after rain.
seed_germination_treatment_scarify Seed coat is removed, nicked, or otherwise punctured to increase germination.
seed_germination_treatment_smoke Seed germinates more readily after being subjected to a smoke treatment; includes smoked water.
seed_germination_treatment_stratification Seed germinates more readily after being stored in moist conditions; not specified if the treatment was cold stratification or warm stratification.
seed_germination_treatment_stratification_cold Seed germinates more readily after a period of cold, wet storage.
seed_germination_treatment_stratification_warm Seed germinates more readily after a period of warm, wet storage.
has broader
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
organismal quality
tolerance
sensitivity
requirement
response to
keyword
reproduction
experimental condition
seed dormancy
seed germination
recruitment
examples
exact match: Seed germination stimulation [TRY:34] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Chemical germination cues [BROT:35] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
close match: Heat-stimulated germination [BROT:36] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
close match: Other germination cues [BROT:37] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Merritt 2007
Jiménez-Alfaro 2016
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
change note
germination_treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030416

Seed germination proportion

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030417
preferred label
Seed germination proportion
alternative label
seed_germination
description
The proportion [PATO:0001470] of mature [PATO:0001701] seeds [PO:0009010] in a sample that germinated [GO:0009845] under the specified [NCIT:C38024] environmental conditions [ENVO:01000203] or experimental conditions [XCO:0000000].
Proportion of mature seeds in a sample that germinated under specified environmental or experimental conditions.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
has number of
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
count
tolerance
sensitivity
keyword
reproduction
experimental condition
seed dormancy
seed germination
environmental condition
recruitment
has exact match
germination ratio
percent germination
examples
exact match: Seed germination rate (germination efficiency) [TRY:95] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
LEDA Data Standards 2005
Royal Botanic Garden Sydney 2021
Bradbeer 1988
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
change note
germination
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030417

Seed viability

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030418
preferred label
Seed viability
alternative label
seed_viability
description
The proportion [PATO:0001470] of mature [PATO:0001701] seeds [PO:0009010] that are capable of germinating [GO:0009845] under suitable [NCIT:C116358] environmental conditions [ENVO:01000203] or experimental conditions [XCO:0000000] .
Proportion of mature seeds in a sample that are capable of germinating under suitable conditions.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
has number of
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
count
keyword
seed germination
environmental condition
experimental condition
seed viability
seed bank
reproduction
recruitment
has exact match
seed viability ratio
seed viability
examples
exact match: Seed viability TRY:1109
references
LEDA Data Standards 2005
Royal Botanic Garden Sydney 2021
Bradbeer 1988
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2021-11-30”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Hervé Sauquet
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Lydia Guja
Gregory J. Jordan
Mark Ooi
Karen D. Sommerville
Lily Dun
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030418

Seed germination time

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030419
preferred label
Seed germination time
alternative label
seed_germination_time
description
The time interval (duration) [PATO:0001309] from when a seed [PO:0009010] is exposed to suitable [NCIT:C116358] environmental conditions [ENVO:01000203] or experimental conditions [XCO:0000000] for germinating [GO:0009845] until it germinates.
The time interval from when a seed is exposed to suitable conditions for germinating until it germinates.
value type
continuous variable
unit
d
day
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
seed
measured characteristic
duration
keyword
seed germination
environmental condition
experimental condition
seed bank
recruitment
has exact match
days to germinate
references
no linked references
date created
2023-06-10”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030419

Vegetative reproduction ability

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030510
preferred label
Vegetative reproduction ability
alternative label
vegetative_reproduction_ability
description
A whole plant [PO:0000003] life history [ECOCORE:00000018] trait which is the ability [NCIT:C78209] of individual [EFO:0000542] plants to reproduce [GO:0000003] through asexual reproduction [GO:0019954] (vegetative reproduction).
A binary trait, indicating whether a plant taxon is able to reproduce and spread through the growth and division of vegetative material.
comments
For plants able to reproduce vegetatively, more detailed information about the mechanisms and structures that allow clonal spread is provided in the trait clonal_spread_mechanism. The trait dispersal_unit captures information on plants that never produce by seed.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
vegetative_reproduction_ability_not_vegetative Plant taxa that regenerate and spread only by seed.
vegetative_reproduction_ability_vegetative Plant taxa that can regenerate and spread through the growth and division of vegetative material, not just from seed; examples include runners, rhizomes, and bulbs.
vegetative_reproduction_ability_vegetative_obligate Plant taxa that never (or very rarely) regenerate from seed, instead regenerating and spreading entirely through the growth and division of vegetative material.
has broader
whole plant phenotype trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
organismal quality
keyword
reproduction
asexual reproduction
survival
vegetative growth
clonal growth
has exact match
Ability to vegetative propagation
clonal reproduction
has close match
vegetative growth
examples
exact match: Plant reproduction type [TOP123] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Plant vegetative regeneration capacity [TRY:344] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Reproduction_asexual_1 [GIFT:3.5.1] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
close match: Clonality [BROT:15] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
change note
vegetative_regeneration
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030510

Clonal spread mechanism

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030511
preferred label
Clonal spread mechanism
alternative label
clonal_spread_mechanism
description
A plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000839] which is the mechanism [NCIT:C25343] plants use for clonal growth [EnvThes:21032] (asexual reproduction [GO:0019954]) or for regeneration [GO:0031099] after a disturbance event [EnvThes:20373]
Mechanisms and structures (tissues, organs, or other structures) a plant uses to spread vegetatively, including the production of clones.
comments
See vegetative_reproduction_ability for a binary description of whether a plant can spread vegetatively. There are two other traits with overlapping trait values, but that are distinct trait concepts: storage_organ indicates the plant structures where a plant stores excess carbohydrates; these organs may or may not facilitate clonal spread; bud_bank_location indicates the location of meristematic tissue (buds) that allow regeneration following a disturbance or after an annual unfavourable season.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
clonal_spread_mechanism_aboveground_clonal Vegetative buds or plant fragments that can disperse and produce new plants (including axillary buds, bulbils and turions).
clonal_spread_mechanism_adventitious_roots Adventitious roots can form at nodes on the main roots or aboveground from nodes on stems.
clonal_spread_mechanism_bulb Below ground storage organ derived from stem (and sometimes leaf) tissue, that divides into new individuals.
clonal_spread_mechanism_belowground_clonal Plants use an unspecified underground organ for clonal spread.
clonal_spread_mechanism_corm Below ground organ derived from stem tissue that can function either for vegetative spread or to regenerate following a disturbance.
clonal_spread_mechanism_rhizome Plant has an underground stem that has stem buds and forms adventitious roots at nodes; this stem may be woody or non-woody. Rhizomes are both a mechanism for vegetative spread and a strategy to survive fire.
clonal_spread_mechanism_root_buds Root buds that produce vertical suckers.
clonal_spread_mechanism_root_tuber A swollen root that functions as a storage organ and has buds that allow clonal growth.
clonal_spread_mechanism_stem_tuber A swollen underground stem that functions as a storage organ and has buds that allow clonal growth.
clonal_spread_mechanism_stolon Plants having horizontal branches (stems) from the base of the plant that produce new plants from buds at its tip or nodes.
clonal_spread_mechanism_viviparous Plant produces clonal offspring that grow while still attached to the parent plant.
clonal_spread_mechanism_non_clonal Plant does not display clonal growth.
has broader
life history trait
plant structure morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure plant structure
whole plant
bud
root
stem
measured characteristic
organismal quality
mechanism
structure
keyword
clonal growth
asexual reproduction
regeneration
survival
plant organ
reproduction
vegetative growth
has exact match
clonal reproduction
has related match
clonal growth
examples
exact match: Plant vegetative reproduction: clonal growth organ [TRY:356] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Reproduction_asexual_2 [GIFT:3.5.2] (https://gift.uni-goettingen.de)
exact match: Clonality [BROT:15] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030511

Storage organ

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030512
preferred label
Storage organ
alternative label
storage_organ
description
A plant structure morphology trait [TO:0000839] which is the type [NCIT:C25284] of storage organ [EFO:0000997] a plant has, where a storage organ is a plant part (organ [PO:0009008], tissue [PO:0009007], or other plant structure [PO:0009011]) whose function [NCIT:C25518] is carbohydrate [CHEBI:16646] (energy [PATO:0001021]) storage.
Plant structures (tissues, organs, or other structures) where a plant stores excess carbohydrates (energy). The stored energy may be used for future growth, including clonal spread and regrowth following an annual unfavourable season, or for regrowth following a disturbance event (including post-fire regeneration or another disturbance event that causes leaf loss). Trait values include both generic terms and quite specific ones to accommodate the variation in detail provided across datasets.
comments
There are two other traits with overlapping trait values, but that are distinct trait concepts: clonal_spread_mechanism indicates mechanisms and structures a plant actually uses for vegetative spread; not all energy storage organs also allow vegetative spread; bud_bank_location indicates the location of meristematic tissue (buds) that allow regeneration following a disturbance or after an annual unfavourable season. See Pausus, Lamont et al. 2018 (doi.org/10.1111/nph.14982) for detailed descriptions of recolonization ability and level of fire protection provided by each regeneration strategy.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
storage_organ_bulb Below ground storage organ derived from stem and usually leaf tissue.
storage_organ_corm Below ground storage organ that is a short, rounded, vertical, fleshy, underground stem.
storage_organ_caudex Swollen stem that usually functions in water storage, although the term can also apply to below ground structures or to swollen roots.
storage_organ_fleshy_underground_organ Plants that use fleshy, generally underground organs (swellings) to regenerate, but the type of organ is not specified; examples include corms, tubers, bulbs, and caudex.
storage_organ_lignotuber Swollen woody structures are located at the transition between the stem base and root crown of woody shrubs, mallees and small trees, and are formed from stem tissues. Buds are located over the entire structure. No colonisation ability.
storage_organ_pseudobulb An above ground storage organ present in many terrestrial and epiphytic orchids created throough the thickening of the stem between leaf nodes.
storage_organ_rhizome A type of continually growing or creeping underground stem, but it is not specified if the rhizome is woody or non-woody.
storage_organ_rhizome_woody A type of continually growing or creeping woody underground stem.
storage_organ_rhizome_fleshy A type of continually growing or creeping fleshy, non-woody underground stem.
storage_organ_rhizome_fibrous A type of continually growing or creeping fibrous, non-woody underground stem.
storage_organ_root_tuber A swollen root the stores nutrients, carbohydrates and water. (Synonym, taproot tuber)
storage_organ_stem_tuber A swollen underground stem that stores nutrients, carbohydrates and water.
storage_organ_storage_organ Plant has a storage organ, but the type is unknown.
storage_organ_tuber A swollen underground organ that stores nutrients, carbohydrates and water, where it is not specified if the tuber develops from root or stem tissue.
storage_organ_no_storage_organ No storage organ present
has broader
life history trait
plant structure morphology trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
whole plant
root
stem
measured characteristic
structure
function
keyword
storage organ
plant organ
carbohydrate
energy
Plant resprout
survival
has exact match
storage organ
examples
exact match: Plant storage organ [TOP166] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
Pausus, Lamont et al. 2018
Wigley 2020
Tavşanoğlu & Pausas 2018
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030512

Bud bank location

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030513
preferred label
Bud bank location
alternative label
bud_bank_location
description
The position [PATO:0000140] and distribution [PATO:0000060] of vegetative meristematic tissue [PO:0006079] (buds [PO:0000055]) on a plant [PO:0000003]. These may be buds that allow a plant to regrow following an unfavourable season or buds that survive [EnvThes:21064] a disturbance event [EnvThes:20373] such as a fire, cyclone or drought. In particular, they may be meristematic tissue that survives a fire [ENVO:01000786] and allows the plant to resprout [Cerrado:fire#PlantResprout] following the fire.
The location of buds (meristematic tissue) on a plant that allows it to resprout following a fire, annual unfavourable season, or other disturbance event, such as a drought or cyclone. Trait values include both generic terms and quite specific ones to accommodate the variation in detail provided across datasets.
comments
There are two other traits with overlapping trait values, but that are distinct trait concepts: clonal_spread_mechanism indicates mechanisms and structures a plant actually uses for vegetative spread; not all energy storage organs also allow vegetative spread; storage_organ indicates the plant structures where a plant stores excess carbohydrates. See Pausus, Lamont et al. 2018 (doi.org/10.1111/nph.14982) for detailed descriptions of recolonization ability and level of fire protection provided by each regeneration strategy. If specific bud banks only survive some types of disturbance, the disturbance should be specified as a context property.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
bud_bank_location_apical_buds Plants resprout from above-ground apical meristems. Also termed a caudex. Term refers to palm-like plants with aerial buds that resprout, including grass trees, palms, tree ferns, and pandanus. (Synonym, aerial apical sprouter)
bud_bank_location_basal_buds Plants resprout from its base, with buds originating from stem tissue (e.g. lignotuber) and root tissue (root crown) not distinguished between. Most buds designated as being basal are likely to be resprouts from a lignotuber, but this trait value is used if the dataset reported basal buds rather than basal stem buds or lignotuber.
bud_bank_location_basal_stem_buds Plants resprout from the base of the stem. Australian plants with basal stem buds usually have a lignotuber, documented in the trait storage_organ. (Synonym, rootstock, lignotuberous resprouter)
bud_bank_location_epicormic_buds Plants resprout from the stem or trunk.
bud_bank_location_fleshy_underground_organ Plants resprouts from buds on a fleshy underground organ that is a taproot tuber, bulb, corm, stem tuber, root tuber, or belowground caudex. (Synonym, geophyte)
bud_bank_location_root_crown Plants resprout from the root crown, the root tissue at the root-stem transition.
bud_bank_location_bud-bearing_root Root buds produce vertical suckers (from root crown) or adventitious roots. (Synonyms, root-suckering resprouter, adventitious buds)
bud_bank_location_rhizome Plants resprout from buds on a rhizome, where it is not specified if the rhizome is woody or non-woody.
bud_bank_location_rhizome_woody Plants resprout from buds on a woody rhizome.
bud_bank_location_rhizome_non_woody Plants resprout from buds on a fleshy rhizome, rhizophore, or fibrous rhizome.
bud_bank_location_stem_buds Plants resprout from stem buds; this trait value is separate to epicormic buds. (Synonyms, aerial axillary resprouter)
bud_bank_location_stem_tuber Plants resprout from buds on a stem tuber.
bud_bank_location_stolon Horizontal branches (stems) resprout from the base of the plant.
bud_bank_location_underground_buds Plants that resprout from underground organ, but the type of organ isn’t specified.
bud_bank_location_none Plants lack regenerative buds.
has broader
whole plant phenotype trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
bud
measured characteristic
position
spatial pattern, distribution
location
keyword
shoot system meristem
survival
disturbance (event
fire
Plant resprout
regeneration
examples
exact match: Bud source [BROT:30] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pausus, Lamont et al. 2018
Wigley 2020
Tavşanoğlu & Pausas 2018
Clarke 2013
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030513

Sprout depth

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030514
preferred label
Sprout depth
alternative label
sprout_depth
description
The depth [PATO:0001595] below the ground [SWEET:realmSoil/Ground] surface or height [PATO:0000119] above the ground surface of vegetative meristematic tissue [PO:0006079] (buds [PO:0000055]) that resprouts [Cerrado:fire#PlantResprout] following a fire [ENVO:01000786].
Depth below the soil surface (positive number) or height above ground (negative number) from which buds (meristematic tissue) resprout following a disturbance, such as a fire.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mm
millimetre
minAllowedValue
-100
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
bud
measured characteristic
depth
height
keyword
shoot system meristem
fire
Plant resprout
ground
soil
regeneration
examples
close match: Budbank height distribution [TRY:153] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Vesk & Yen 2019
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030514

Post-fire resprouting capacity

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030610
preferred label
Post-fire resprouting capacity
alternative label
resprouting_capacity
description
A fire response trait which indicates whether mature [PATO:0001701] plants [PO:0000003] from a taxon [NCIT:C40098] or population [PCO:0000001] are killed or have vegetative meristematic tissue [PO:0006079] (buds [PO:0000055]) that resprout [Cerrado:fire#PlantResprout] following a fire [ENVO:01000786] that causes 100% leaf scorch, with fire severity index [EnvThes:22120] an important contextual variable.
Trait indicating whether mature individuals of a taxon are killed, resprout, or have a mixed survival response when exposed to fire that causes 100% leaf scorch. Species where at least 70% of plants resprout are designated resprouters, while those where fewer than 30% of plants resprout are designated as fire killed. Species with an intermediate response have a mixed fire response, and are coded as fire_killed resprouts.
comments
This trait is narrowly applicable only to taxa that experience fire; see the trait fire_exposure_level for trait values related to species whose strategy is to avoid fire.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
resprouting_capacity_fire_killed Fewer than 30% of plants resprout following a fire with 100% leaf scorch. (Synonym, fire-sensitive)
resprouting_capacity_resprouts More than 70% of plants resprout following a fire with 100% leaf scorch.
resprouting_capacity_partial_resprouting Between 30-70% of plants resprout following a fire with 100% leaf scorch.
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
bud
measured characteristic
response to
tolerance
sensitivity
keyword
disturbance (event
fire
Plant resprout
habitat disturbance
regeneration
shoot system meristem
survival
scope note
applicable to plants that experience fire
examples
exact match: Species tolerance to fire [TRY:318] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Plant resprouting capacity [TRY:819] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Resprouting capacity after fire [BROT:34] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Gill & Bradstock 1992
Clarke 2015
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
change note
fire_response
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030610

Post-fire proportion resprouting individuals

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030611
preferred label
Post-fire proportion resprouting individuals
alternative label
resprouting_capacity_proportion_individuals
description
A fire response trait which is the proportion [PATO:0001470] of mature [PATO:0001701] individuals [EFO:0000542] in a population [PCO:0000001] that have vegetative meristematic tissue [PO:0006079] (buds [PO:0000055]) that resprouts [Cerrado:fire#PlantResprout] following a fire [ENVO:01000786].
Proportion of mature individuals in a population that survive a fire and resprout following a fire.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
bud
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
count
tolerance
sensitivity
response to
keyword
disturbance (event
fire
Plant resprout
habitat disturbance
regeneration
shoot system meristem
survival
scope note
applicable to plants that experience fire
examples
exact match: Species tolerance to fire [TRY:318] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
exact match: Plant resprouting capacity [TRY:819] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
change note
fire_response_numeric
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030611

Post-fire resprouting capacity of juvenile plants

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030612
preferred label
Post-fire resprouting capacity of juvenile plants
alternative label
resprouting_capacity_juvenile
description
A fire response trait which indicates whether juvenile [PATO:0001190] plants [PO:0000003] from a taxon [NCIT:C40098] or population [PCO:0000001] are killed or have vegetative meristematic tissue [PO:0006079] (buds [PO:0000055]) that resprouts [Cerrado:fire#PlantResprout] following a fire [ENVO:01000786] with 100% leaf scorch.
Trait indicating whether juvenile phase individuals of a taxon are killed, resprout, or have a mixed survival response when exposed to a fire with 100% leaf scorch.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
resprouting_capacity_juvenile_juvenile_fire_killed Few to no juvenile plants resprout following fire with 100% leaf scorch.
resprouting_capacity_juvenile_juvenile_resprout More than 50% of juvenile plants survive and resprout following fire with 100% leaf scorch.
resprouting_capacity_juvenile_juvenile_moderate_fire_killed 25-50% of juvenile plants resprout following fire with 100% leaf scorch.
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
bud
measured characteristic
response to
tolerance
sensitivity
keyword
disturbance (event
fire
Plant resprout
habitat disturbance
regeneration
shoot system meristem
survival
juvenile
scope note
applicable to plants that experience fire
examples
close match: Species tolerance to fire [TRY:318] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Plant resprouting capacity [TRY:819] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Noble & Slatyer 1980
Noble & Gitay 1996
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
change note
fire_response_juvenile
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030612

Time from seedling germination until individuals survive a fire

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030613
preferred label
Time from seedling germination until individuals survive a fire
alternative label
resprouting_capacity_time_from_germination
description
A fire response trait which is the time interval (duration) [PATO:0001309] from seed germination [GO:0009845] until individuals [EFO:0000542] are able to survive [EnvThes:21064] and resprout [PlantResprout] following a fire where 100% of the leaves [PO:0025034] in the canopy [ENVO:01001242] are scorched.
A fire response trait which is the time from seed germination until individuals are able to survive and resprout following a fire where 100% of the leaves in the canopy are scorched.
comments
An essential context property to map for this trait is the population survival metric. For instance, is this trait scored based on the youngest individual to survive a fire or the age at which 50% of individuals survive and resprout following a fire.
value type
continuous variable
unit
a
year
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
age
organismal quality
keyword
disturbance (event
fire
Plant resprout
habitat disturbance
regeneration
survival
scope note
applicable to plants that resprout following fire at some life stages
references
no linked references
date created
2023-05-19”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030613

Post-fire to pre-fire stem ratio

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030614
preferred label
Post-fire to pre-fire stem ratio
alternative label
resprouting_capacity_stem_ratio
description
A fire response trait which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the count [NCIT:C25463] of stems [PO:0009047] per individual [EFO:0000542] following a fire [ENVO:01000786] to the count of stems per individual before the fire, recorded for taxa that have multiple stems emerging from the ground [SWEET:realmSoil/Ground].
Ratio of stem count post-fire to basal stem count (e.g. grass tillers) pre-fire at an individual or population level. This trait is appropriate to score for plants that have many stems from the base (shrubs, herbs, graminoids) where the number of stems is censused both before and after the fire. It is a continuous measure of resprouting strength conditioned on initial size.
comments
This trait will usually be recorded in natural or experimental systems subjected to a controlled burn, where stem counts can be censused both before and after a fire. However, it is appropriate to include data for any plants subjected to fire where the dead stems can still be counted post-fire.
value type
continuous variable
unit
{count}/{count}
minAllowedValue
0
maxAllowedValue
10
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
stem
measured characteristic
dimensionless ratio
ratio; proportion
response to
tolerance
sensitivity
keyword
fire
Plant resprout
disturbance (event
survival
regeneration
scope note
applicable to plants that experience fire
references
Moore 2019
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
change note
fire_response_stem_ratio
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030614

Plant vegetative response to disturbances other than fire

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030615
preferred label
Plant vegetative response to disturbances other than fire
alternative label
resprouting_capacity_non_fire_disturbance
description
A whole plant [PO:0000003] life history [ECOCORE:00000018] trait which is the ability [NCIT:C78209] of individual [EFO:0000542] plants to regenerate [GO:0031099] vegetatively (resprout [Cerrado:fire#PlantResprout]) from meristematic tissue [PO:0006079], buds [PO:0000055]) after a disturbance event [EnvThes:20373] other than a fire [ENVO:01000786] that causes 100% defoliation.
A plant’s ability to regenerate vegetatively (resprout) from a disturbance other than fire that causes 100% defoliation.
comments
This trait explicitly refers to a plant’s vegetative regeneration ability following a disturbance event other than fire. See other resprouting_capacity traits, bud_bank_location, and clonal_spread_mechanism for other information about a plant’s ability to resprout. Just as post-fire resprouting capacity is documented in individuals that have suffered 100% leaf scorch, this trait should be scored only on individuals that have suffered 100% leaf loss. If a different leaf loss percentage is used, this needs to be documented as a context property.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
resprouting_capacity_non_fire_disturbance_resprouts_non_fire_disturbance Plants that are known to be fire-killed, but have the ability to resprout following a disturbance other than fire that causes 100% leaf loss.
resprouting_capacity_non_fire_disturbance_resprouts_after_cyclone Plants are able to resprout following 100% leaf loss in a cyclone.
resprouting_capacity_non_fire_disturbance_resprouts_after_drought Plants are able to resprout following 100% leaf loss during a drought.
has broader
life history trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
organismal quality
ability
tolerance
sensitivity
keyword
regeneration
shoot system meristem
disturbance (event
Plant resprout
habitat disturbance
environmental condition
survival
examples
exact match: Resprouting capacity after disturbances [BROT:33] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
close match: Resprouting capacity after clipping [BROT:32] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
change note
regeneration_non_fire_disturbance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030615

Fire exposure level

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030651
preferred label
Fire exposure level
alternative label
fire_exposure_level
description
A fire response trait indicating small-scale variation in plant [PO:0000003] habitat [ENVO:01000739] or growing season that protects the plant’s shoot systems [PO:0009006] or root system [PO:0025025] from exposure [NCIT:C17941] to fire [ENVO:01000786] or being damaged (scorched) by fire, when a fire occurs nearby.
Trait indicating habitat (or microhabitat) variation that protects the shoot or root system of some taxa from being exposed to fire and scorched by the fire, even when a fire burns nearby.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
fire_exposure_level_aquatic_taxon Plants rarely or never experience fires because they are aquatic.
fire_exposure_level_fire_avoidance_among_rocks Plants rarely experience fires because their habitat is restricted to rocky outcrops or rock pavement.
fire_exposure_level_fire_avoidance_near_water Plants rarely or never experience fires because their habitat is close to a body of water.
fire_exposure_level_fire_avoidance_in_swamp Plants rarely experience fires because their habitat is usually saturated, but populations can be catastrophically impacted during severe droughts when the swamps dry out.
fire_exposure_level_seasonal_fire_avoidance Plants avoid fire by only have above-ground parts during seasons when fire is rare or absent, but populations can be catastrophically impacted if fire occurs during an atypical season.
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
response to
exposure
avoidance
keyword
shoot system
fire
habitat disturbance
survival
disturbance (event
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030651

Post-fire recruitment

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030652
preferred label
Post-fire recruitment
alternative label
post_fire_recruitment
description
A fire response trait which is the magnitude [NCIT:C49158] of seed [PO:0009010] germination [GO:0009845] and seedling establishment [EnvThes:20410] after a fire [ENVO:01000786].
A trait indicating the magnitude of seed germination and seedling establishment following a fire.
comments
This trait does not suggest what mechanism(s) is triggering post-fire recruitment, but only that a post-fire response is (or is not) observed. There are several fire-related context properties that should be documented whenever possible, including fire severity (most important), fire season, and fire frequency. In addition, the time from fire to recruitment will vary greatly across systems, and, when available, a basic habitat description should be documented as a location property.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
post_fire_recruitment_post_fire_recruitment Plants that germinate post-fire.
post_fire_recruitment_post_fire_recruitment_absent Plants that do not show increased seeding following fire.
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
seed
measured characteristic
response to
sensitivity
requirement
keyword
seed germination
seedling establishment
fire
habitat disturbance
recruitment
environmental condition
disturbance (event
examples
exact match: Post-fire seedling emergence [BROT:43] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
related match: Post-fire seedling survival [BROT:44] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pyke 2017
Noble & Slatyer 1980
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
change note
fire_and_establishing
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030652

Post-fire flowering

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030653
preferred label
Post-fire flowering
alternative label
post_fire_flowering
description
A fire response trait which is a taxon’s [NCIT:C40098] flowering [PO:0007016] response [NCIT:C25755] to fire [ENVO:01000786], indicating if the magnitude [NCIT_C49158] of flowers [PO:0009046] increases, decreases or remains unchanged following a fire.
Indication of whether the magnitude of flowers produced by a taxon increases, decreases or remains unchanged following a fire.
comments
This trait does not suggest what mechanism(s) is triggering post-fire flowering, but only that a post-fire response is (or is not) observed. There are several fire-related context properties that should be documented whenever possible, including fire severity (most important), fire season, and fire frequency. In addition, the time from fire to flowering will vary greatly across systems, and, when available, a basic habitat description should be documented as a location property.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
post_fire_flowering_fire_dependent_flowering Plants predominantly flower after a fire, usually within the first 1-4 growing seasons following the fire.
post_fire_flowering_fire_enhanced_flowering Flowering is enhanced after a fire, with plants flowering more prolifically for the first 1-4 growing seasons following the fire.
post_fire_flowering_fire_independent_flowering Flowering is independent of fire, with the magnitude of flowers produced by plants unchanged following a fire.
post_fire_flowering_fire_suppressed_flowering Flowering is suppressed or absent after a fire, with plants producing fewer flowers for at least the first 1-4 growing seasons following the fire.
has broader
fire response trait
plant phenological trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
flower
measured characteristic
requirement
response to
sensitivity
keyword
whole plant flowering stage
flowering time trait
fire
habitat disturbance
environmental condition
examples
exact match: Fire-stimulated flowering [BROT:31] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Pyke 2017
Noble & Slatyer 1980
date created
2023-02-23”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030653

Time from fire to first flowering

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030654
preferred label
Time from fire to first flowering
alternative label
fire_time_from_fire_to_flowering
description
A fire response trait which is the time interval (duration) [PATO:0001309] after a fire [ENVO:01000786] until one individual [EFO:0000542] of a taxon [NCIT:C40098] in a population [PCO:0000001] reaches whole plant flowering stage [PO:0007016].
The time interval from a fire until the first individual in a population begins flowering.
comments
This trait can include data that documents the time from a fire until either a resprouter or a fire-killed species first begins flowering, as both have important regeneration and conservation implications. Whenever available, a context property should be added to indicate if data are scoring the time from seed germination or post-fire resprouting to the onset of flowering.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mo
month
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
fire response trait
plant phenological trait
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
whole plant
measured characteristic
time
duration
organismal quality
age
keyword
fire
whole plant flowering stage
habitat disturbance
regeneration
disturbance (event
maturity
Plant resprout
reproduction
examples
close match: Age at maturity of resprouts [BROT:41] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Noble & Slatyer 1980
date created
2023-02-16”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030654

Time from fire until 50% of individuals are flowering

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030655
preferred label
Time from fire until 50% of individuals are flowering
alternative label
fire_time_from_fire_to_50_percent_flowering
description
A fire response trait which is the time interval (duration) [PATO:0001309] after a fire [ENVO:01000786] until a 50% of the individuals [EFO:0000542] of a taxon [NCIT:C40098] in a population [PCO:0000001] reaches whole plant flowering stage [PO:0007016].
The time interval from a fire until 50% of the individuals in a population produce flowers.
comments
This trait can include data that documents the time from a fire until either a resprouter or a fire-killed species first begins flowering, as both have important regeneration and conservation implications. Whenever available, a context property should be added to indicate if data are scoring the time from seed germination or post-fire resprouting to the onset of flowering.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mo
month
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
500
has broader
fire response trait
plant phenological trait
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
whole plant
measured characteristic
time
duration
organismal quality
age
keyword
fire
whole plant flowering stage
habitat disturbance
regeneration
disturbance (event
maturity
Plant resprout
reproduction
examples
close match: Age at maturity of resprouts [BROT:41] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Gosper 2013
Noble & Slatyer 1980
Bradstock & Kenny 2003
date created
2023-05-17”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030655

Time from fire to peak flowering

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030656
preferred label
Time from fire to peak flowering
alternative label
fire_time_from_fire_to_peak_flowering
description
A fire response trait which is the time interval (duration) [PATO:0001309] after a fire [ENVO:01000786] until the individuals [EFO:0000542] of a taxon [NCIT:C40098] in a population [PCO:0000001] reach maximum flowering [PO:0007016] levels.
The time interval from a fire until the individuals in a population display maximum flowering.
comments
This trait can include data that documents the time from a fire until either a resprouter or a fire-killed species first begins flowering, as both have important regeneration and conservation implications. Whenever available, a context property should be added to indicate if data are scoring the time from seed germination or post-fire resprouting to the onset of flowering.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mo
month
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
fire response trait
plant phenological trait
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
whole plant
measured characteristic
time
duration
organismal quality
age
keyword
fire
whole plant flowering stage
habitat disturbance
regeneration
disturbance (event
maturity
Plant resprout
reproduction
examples
close match: Age at maturity of resprouts [BROT:41] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2023-05-17”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030656

Time from fire until flowering declines

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030657
preferred label
Time from fire until flowering declines
alternative label
fire_time_from_fire_to_flowering_decline
description
A fire response trait which is the time interval (duration) [PATO:0001309] after a fire [ENVO:01000786] until the individuals [EFO:0000542] of a taxon [NCIT:C40098] in a population [PCO:0000001] begin to decrease their level of flowering [PO:0007016].
The time interval from a fire until the degree of flowering by individuals in a population begin to decline.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mo
month
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
fire response trait
plant phenological trait
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
flower
whole plant
measured characteristic
time
duration
organismal quality
age
keyword
fire
whole plant flowering stage
habitat disturbance
regeneration
disturbance (event
maturity
Plant resprout
reproduction
examples
close match: Age at maturity of resprouts [BROT:41] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
no linked references
date created
2023-05-17”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030657

Time from fire to fruiting

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030658
preferred label
Time from fire to fruiting
alternative label
fire_time_from_fire_to_fruiting
description
A fire response trait which is the time interval (duration) [PATO:0001309] after a fire [ENVO:01000786] until one individual [EFO:0000542] of a taxon [NCIT:C40098] in a population [PCO:0000001] produces mature [PATO:0001701] fruit [PO:0009001].
The time interval from a fire until the first individual in a population produces a mature fruit with viable propagules.
comments
This trait can include data that documents the time from a fire until either a resprouter or a fire-killed species first begins producing mature fruit, as both have important regeneration and conservation implications. Whenever available, a context property should be added to indicate if data are scoring the time from seed germination or post-fire resprouting to the onset of fruiting.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mo
month
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
500
has broader
fire response trait
whole plant phenotype trait
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
whole plant
measured characteristic
time
duration
organismal quality
age
keyword
fire
whole plant fruit development stage
habitat disturbance
regeneration
disturbance (event
maturity
Plant resprout
reproduction
examples
close match: Age at maturity of resprouts [BROT:41] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Gosper 2013
Noble & Slatyer 1980
Bradstock & Kenny 2003
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
change note
time_from_fire_to_fruit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030658

Time from fire until 50% of individuals are fruiting

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030659
preferred label
Time from fire until 50% of individuals are fruiting
alternative label
fire_time_from_fire_to_50_percent_fruiting
description
A fire response trait which is the time interval (duration) [PATO:0001309] after a fire [ENVO:01000786] until a 50% of the individuals [EFO:0000542] of a taxon [NCIT:C40098] in a population [PCO:0000001] produce mature [PATO:0001701] fruit [PO:0009001].
The time interval from a fire until 50% of the individuals in a population produce mature fruit.
value type
continuous variable
unit
mo
month
minAllowedValue
1
maxAllowedValue
500
has broader
fire response trait
whole plant phenotype trait
reproductive structure life history trait
plant structure plant structure plant structure
reproductive shoot system
fruit
whole plant
measured characteristic
time
duration
organismal quality
age
keyword
fire
whole plant fruit development stage
habitat disturbance
regeneration
disturbance (event
maturity
Plant resprout
reproduction
examples
close match: Age at maturity of resprouts [BROT:41] (http://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.135)
references
Gosper 2013
Noble & Slatyer 1980
Bradstock & Kenny 2003
date created
2023-02-16”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030659

Fuel bed bulk density

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030710
preferred label
Fuel bed bulk density
alternative label
fire_fuel_bed_bulk_density
description
Fuel bed bulk density (volume density [PATO:0001353]), which is the ratio [PATO:0001470] of the mass [PATO:0000125] of the fuel bed divided by the fuel bed volume [PATO:0000918]; the term fuel bed refers to the accumulated plant litter [ENVO:01000628] on the ground [SWEET:realmSoil/Ground], as this is the fuel [CHEBI:33292] that is burnt in a ground fire [ENVO:01000786].
The density of the fuel bed, the plant litter accumulated on the ground. It is calculated as the ratio of the mass of the fuel bed to the fuel bed volume. This trait should be measured on plant litter from a single taxon.
comments
In wildland environments it will be difficult to measure this trait on an individual taxon and fuel bed will instead be a ‘community level’ trait. Therefore, this trait will generally be used to document fuel bed bulk density in experimental situations.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/cm3
gram per cubic centimetre
minAllowedValue
0.001
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
volume density
mass density, density
keyword
plant litter
fuel
fire
ground
experimental condition
references
Grootemaat 2017
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030710

Fuel consumption by fire

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030711
preferred label
Fuel consumption by fire
alternative label
fire_fuel_consumption
description
For a given taxon [NCIT:C40098], the proportion [PATO:0001470] of plant biomass [ENVO:01000155] (fuel [CHEBI:33292]) that is consumed by a fire [ENVO:01000786].
Proportion of available plant biomass (live and dead) that is consumed by fire. This trait should be measured on biomass from a single taxon.
comments
In wildland environments it will be difficult to measure this trait on an individual taxon; it will instead be a ‘community level’ trait. Therefore, this trait will generally be used to document fuel consumption in experimental situations.
value type
continuous variable
unit
g/g
gram per gram
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
leaf
measured characteristic
mass
mass fraction
ratio; proportion
dimensionless ratio
keyword
fuel
fire
combustion
ash
combustion process
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030711

Fire rate of spread

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030712
preferred label
Fire rate of spread
alternative label
fire_rate_of_spread
description
For a given taxon [NCIT:C40098], the horizontal [PATO:0001855] speed [PATO:0000008] of fire [ENVO:01000786] movement [NCIT:C37994].
The horizontal rate of fire spread.
comments
In wildland environments it will be difficult to measure this trait on an individual taxon; it will instead be a ‘community level’ trait. Therefore, this trait will generally be used to document rates of fire spread in experimental situations.
value type
continuous variable
unit
cm/s
centimetre per second
minAllowedValue
0.01
maxAllowedValue
1
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
movement
speed
rate
ratio; proportion
keyword
habitat disturbance
fuel
fire
combustion
combustion process
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030712

Leaf smoulder duration

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030713
preferred label
Leaf smoulder duration
alternative label
fire_smoulder_duration
description
A fire response trait which is the duration [PATO:0001309] of the portion of fire [ENVO:01000786]-induced combustion [NCIT:C157201] process from the time when a flame [ENVO:01000789] is no longer visible until smoulder combustion ends.
Smoulder duration for a single leaf, which is the time from the end of the last visible flame until the glowing phase dies out.
comments
In wildland environments it will be difficult to measure this trait on an individual taxon; it will instead be a ‘community level’ trait. Therefore, this trait will generally be used to document rates of fire spread in experimental situations.
value type
continuous variable
unit
s
second
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1000
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
time
duration
time interval
keyword
fire
flame
combustion
smoulder combustion
combustion process
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030713

Leaf flame duration

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030714
preferred label
Leaf flame duration
alternative label
fire_flame_duration
description
A fire response trait which is the duration [PATO:0001309] of the portion of fire [ENVO:01000786]-induced combustion [NCIT:C157201] process from the start of combustion until a flame [ENVO:01000789] is no longer visible.
Flame duration for a single leaf, which is the time from the first visible flame until the last visible flame.
comments
In wildland environments it will be difficult to measure this trait on an individual taxon; it will instead be a ‘community level’ trait. Therefore, this trait will generally be used to document rates of fire spread in experimental situations.
value type
continuous variable
unit
s
second
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
200
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
time
duration
time interval
keyword
fire
flame
combustion
combustion process
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030714

Leaf flame and smoulder duration

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030715
preferred label
Leaf flame and smoulder duration
alternative label
fire_total_burn_duration
description
A fire response trait which is the duration [PATO:0001309] of the entire fire [ENVO:01000786]-induced combustion [NCIT:C157201] process from the time of the start of combustion until smoulder combustion [APD:glossary/40094] ends.
For a single leaf, the sum of flame duration and smoulder duration, which is the time from the first visible flame until the glowing phase dies out.
comments
In wildland environments it will be difficult to measure this trait on an individual taxon; it will instead be a ‘community level’ trait. Therefore, this trait will generally be used to document rates of fire spread in experimental situations.
value type
continuous variable
unit
s
second
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
1500
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
time
duration
time interval
keyword
fire
combustion
flame
smoulder combustion
combustion process
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030715

Fire time to ignition

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030716
preferred label
Fire time to ignition
alternative label
fire_time_to_ignition
description
A fire response trait which is the time interval (duration) [PATO:0001309] from a leaf’s [PO:0025034] exposure [NCIT:C17941] to a flame [ENVO:01000789] until the leaf ignites [APD:glossary/40040].
For a single leaf, the time from an ignition source contacting the leaf until ignition occurs.
comments
In wildland environments it will be difficult to measure this trait on an individual taxon; it will instead be a ‘community level’ trait. Therefore, this trait will generally be used to document rates of fire spread in experimental situations.
value type
continuous variable
unit
s
second
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure
leaf
measured characteristic
time
duration
time interval
keyword
flame
fire
ignition
survival
combustion process
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030716

Plant resource requirements and tolerance

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030810
preferred label
Plant resource requirements and tolerance
alternative label
plant_type_by_resource_use
description
An environmental [ENVO:01000203] tolerance [NCIT:C43414] trait which categorises plants based on the environmental conditions in which they survive and thrive, including their tolerance of, sensitivity [NCIT:C25201] to, and requirement [NCIT:C25652] for certain resource availabilities [EnvThes:21497], including water [CHEBI:15377] availability and soil [ENVO:00001998] nutrient [CHEBI:33284] content and salinity [PATO:0085001].
Classification scheme of plant resource requirements and tolerances, categorising taxa based on their water, soil nutrient, and soil salinity requirements and tolerances.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_type_by_resource_use_hydrohalophyte Tidal swamp or ‘mangrove’ and coastal lagoon elements and temperate-zone salt-marsh taxa are classed together.
plant_type_by_resource_use_phreatophyte Deep-rooted plants<U+2014>usually trees<U+2014>obtaining water from a deep underground source that may or may not be saline.
plant_type_by_resource_use_psammophile Sand-loving plants commonly found in littoral strand or inland sandfields.
plant_type_by_resource_use_weedy This inexact term is meant to indicate a high degree of adaptability to sites, and proven tendency toward aggressive colonization of either dry or wet sites, or rarely, both. In general, weeds invade and colonize highly disturbed sites or areas.
plant_type_by_resource_use_xerohalophyte Plants adapted to inland salt desert and saline habitats.
plant_type_by_resource_use_xerophyte Drought-tolerant and drought-adapted plants.
has broader
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
resistance to
tolerance
requirement
sensitivity
keyword
environmental condition
resource availability
water
soil
nutrient
salinity
examples
close match: Species tolerance to salt [TRY:1254] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
close match: Species tolerance to drought [TRY:30] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Santos 2016
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
plant_type_by_resource_use
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030810

Plant flood regime response

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030811
preferred label
Plant flood regime response
alternative label
plant_flood_regime_classification
description
An environmental [ENVO:01000203] tolerance [NCIT:C43414] trait which categorises plants based on the depth [PATO:0001595], duration [PATO:0001309] and frequency [PATO:0000044] of inundation [SWEET:phenSystem/Inundation] a plant [PO:0000003] is able to tolerate. It incorporates their ability to tolerate or respond to fluctuations in flooding [ENVO:01000710] and drying, including growth [GO:0040007] and seed germination [GO:0009845] responses.
Classification scheme of plant flood regime requirements and tolerances, categorising taxa into seven groups based on their germination and growth responses to flood regimes.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_flood_regime_classification_terrestrial_dry Species which germinate, grow and reproduce where there is no surface water and the water table is below the soil surface. (Dry species; Tdr)
plant_flood_regime_classification_terrestrial_damp Species which germinate, grow and reproduce on saturated soil. (Damp species; Tda)
plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious_fluctuation_tolerators_emergent Species which germinate in damp or flooded conditions, which tolerate variation in water level, and which grow with their basal portions under water and reproduce out of water. (Emergent species; ATe)
plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious_fluctuation_tolerators_low Species which germinate in damp or flooded conditions, which tolerate variation in water level, which are low-growing and tolerate complete submersion when water-levels rise. (Low-growing species; ATl)
plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious_fluctuation_responders_plastic Species which germinate in flooded conditions, grow in both flooded and damp conditions, reproduce above the surface of the water, and which have morphological plasticity (e.g. heterophylly) in response to water-level variation. (Morphologically plastic species; ARp)
plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious_fluctuation_responders_floating Species which germinate in flooded conditions, grow in both flooded and damp conditions, reproduce above the surface of the water, and which have floating leaves when inundated. (Species with floating leaves; ARf)
plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious Species which germinate in damp or flooded conditions and can grow in or our of water.
plant_flood_regime_classification_submerged Species which germinate, grow and reproduce underwater. (S
has broader
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
resistance to
tolerance
sensitivity
requirement
duration
keyword
environmental condition
flood
growth
seed germination
inundation
soil water content
resource availability
water
survival
examples
close match: Ellenberg moisture value [TOP779] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
Brock & Casanova 1997
Casanova & Brock 2000
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
flood_regime_classification
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030811

Plant water-logging tolerance

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030812
preferred label
Plant water-logging tolerance
alternative label
plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils
description
An environmental [ENVO:01000203] tolerance [NCIT:C43414] trait which is the duration [PATO:0001309] that a plant [PO:0000003] is able to tolerate water-logged soils, an indication of a plant’s sensitivity [NCIT:C25201] to flood [ENVO:01000710] conditions. Soil [ENVO:00001998] is considered water-logged if it is saturated [NCIT:C61427] with water [CHEBI:15377], limiting the plant root’s [PO:0009005] ability to respire [GO:0045333] due to a lack of soil oxygen [CHEBI:15379].
Categorical groupings, indicating the length of time a taxon is able to tolerate water-logged soils.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_not_applicable Taxa is not typically confronted with waterlogging and its response is unknown.
plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_less_than_1_month Taxa able to tolerate less than 1 month of waterlogging.
plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_1-6_months Taxa able to tolerate 1-6 months of waterlogging.
plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_greater_than_6_months Taxa able to tolerate more than 6 months of waterlogging.
plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_aquatic Taxa truly aquatic and able to be permanently inundated.
has broader
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure plant structure
whole plant
root
measured characteristic
resistance to
tolerance
sensitivity
duration
keyword
environmental condition
flood
soil
saturated
soil water content
inundation
water
survival
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
water_logging_tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030812

Plant inundation tolerance

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030813
preferred label
Plant inundation tolerance
alternative label
plant_tolerance_inundation
description
An environmental [ENVO:01000203] tolerance [NCIT:C43414] trait which is the duration [PATO:0001309] that a plant [PO:0000003] is able to tolerate inundation [SWEET:phenSystem/Inundation], an indication of a plant’s sensitivity [NCIT:C25201] to flood [ENVO:01000710] conditions.
Categorical groupings, indicating the length of time a taxon is able to tolerate being under water.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_tolerance_inundation_not_applicable Taxa is not typically confronted with being inundated and its response is unknown.
plant_tolerance_inundation_less_than_1_month Taxa able to tolerate being inundated for less than 1 month.
plant_tolerance_inundation_1-6_months Taxa able to tolerate being inundated for 1-6 months.
plant_tolerance_inundation_greater_than_6_months Taxa able to tolerate being inundated for more than 6 months.
plant_tolerance_inundation_aquatic Taxa truly aquatic and able to be permanently inundated.
has broader
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
resistance to
tolerance
sensitivity
duration
keyword
environmental condition
flood
inundation
water
saturated
survival
has exact match
submergence tolerance
has close match
submergence sensitivity
examples
close match: Ellenberg moisture value [TOP779] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Species tolerance to waterlogging [TRY:61] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
inundation_tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030813

Plant snow tolerance

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030814
preferred label
Plant snow tolerance
alternative label
plant_tolerance_snow
description
An environmental [ENVO:01000203] tolerance [NCIT:C43414] trait which is the duration [PATO:0001309] that a plant [PO:0000003] is able to tolerate being covered by snow [ENVO:01000406].
Categorical groupings, indicating the length of time a taxon is able to tolerate being under snow cover.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_tolerance_snow_not_applicable Taxa is virtually never confronted with snow in nature and the response is unknown.
plant_tolerance_snow_intolerant Taxa is frost tender and known to be killed by any snow.
plant_tolerance_snow_days Taxa can tolerate being covered by snow for days (typically less than 1 week).
plant_tolerance_snow_weeks Taxa can tolerate being covered by snow for weeks (typically less than 1 month).
plant_tolerance_snow_months Taxa can tolerate being covered by snow for months.
has broader
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
resistance to
tolerance
sensitivity
duration
keyword
environmental condition
snow
survival
examples
close match: Frost tolerance [TOP768] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
snow_tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030814

Plant soil salinity tolerance

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030815
preferred label
Plant soil salinity tolerance
alternative label
plant_tolerance_soil_salinity
description
An environmental [ENVO:01000203] tolerance [NCIT:C43414] trait which is the maximum [NCIT:C25564] soil [ENVO:00001998] salinity [PATO:0085001], reported as soil conductivity [PATO:0001585], that a plant is able to tolerate.
Maximum salinity tolerated by a taxon, reported as the conductivity of the soil.
value type
continuous variable
unit
dS/m
decisiemens per metre
minAllowedValue
0.1
maxAllowedValue
100
has broader
chemical stress sensitivity trait
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
conductivity
tolerance
sensitivity
keyword
environmental condition
soil
salinity
salt
resource availability
salt tolerance
survival
examples
related match: Ellenberg salt value [TOP200] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Species tolerance to salt [TRY:1254] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
soil_salinity_tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030815

Plant salt tolerance strategy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030816
preferred label
Plant salt tolerance strategy
alternative label
plant_tolerance_salt
description
An environmental [ENVO:01000203] tolerance [NCIT:C43414] trait which categorises plants based on their salinity [PATO:0085001] tolerance [TO:0006001], reflecting the duration [PATO:0001309] and concentration [PATO:0000033] of salt [CHEBI:24866] exposure that a plant is able to tolerate.
Classification scheme of plant salt-tolerance categories, categorising taxa based on their tolerance of or sensitivity to salty soils, salt spray, or salt water.
comments
The trait soil_salinity_tolerance documents actual soil salinity levels taxa can tolerate. The trait plant_type_by_resource_use has some overlapping values, but focuses on terms to describe a plant’s overall resource tolerances/requirements, while this trait focuses on terms associated with salinity tolerances/requirements. The trait plant_tolerance_soil_salinity offers numeric soil salinity levels a taxon can tolerate.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_tolerance_salt_glycophyte Plants that cannot survive even one tenth the salt concentration found in seawater.
plant_tolerance_salt_halophyte Plants that complete their life cycle in a salty environment; many survive in seawater or even higher concentrations of salt.
plant_tolerance_salt_halophyte_moderate Plant that is moderately tolerant of soil salinity/sodicity.
plant_tolerance_salt_hydrohalophyte Tidal swamp or ‘mangrove’ and coastal lagoon elements and temperate-zone salt-marsh taxa are classed together.
plant_tolerance_salt_salt_spray_tolerant Plant that is tolerant of salt spray (typically inhabiting near-coastal environments).
plant_tolerance_salt_salinity_tolerance_undefined Plant’s ability to tolerate salt is unknown.
plant_tolerance_salt_xerohalophyte Plants adapted to inland salt desert and saline habitats.
has broader
chemical stress sensitivity trait
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
resistance to
tolerance
sensitivity
duration
keyword
environmental condition
soil
salinity
salt
resource availability
salt tolerance
survival
has close match
salt sensitivity
examples
related match: Ellenberg salt value [TOP200] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Species tolerance to salt [TRY:1254] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
salt_tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030816

Plant calcium sensitivity

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030817
preferred label
Plant calcium sensitivity
alternative label
plant_tolerance_calcicole
description
An environmental [ENVO:01000203] tolerance [NCIT:C43414] trait which is a plant’s [PO:0000003] calcium sensitivity [TO:0000006], corresponding to its sensitivity [NCIT:C25201] to high soil [ENVO:00001998] pH [NCIT:C45997].
Classification scheme of plant soil calcium tolerance, corresponding to its sensitivity to high soil pH. Plants are categorised as either calcifuge (intolerant of basic soils) or calcicole (tolerant of basic soils, such as calcareous sands and limestone derived soils).
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_tolerance_calcicole_calcicole Plants are tolerant of basic soils, such as calcareous sands and limestone derived soils.
plant_tolerance_calcicole_calcifuge Plants are intolerant of basic soils. (Synonyms, acidophilous)
has broader
chemical stress sensitivity trait
environmental tolerance trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
resistance to
tolerance
sensitivity
organismal quality
keyword
environmental condition
calcium sensitivity
soil
pH
growth media pH sensitivity
resource availability
has close match
calcium sensitivity
has related match
growth media pH sensitivity
examples
related match: Ellenberg reaction value [TOP781] (https://top-thesaurus.org/index)
exact match: Species tolerance to CaCO3 [TRY:595] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
Cross & Lambers 2021
Tyler 2003
date created
2021-07-14”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
no reviewers
change note
calcicole_status
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030817

Plant fire tolerance strategy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0030818
preferred label
Plant fire tolerance strategy
alternative label
plant_tolerance_fire
description
A fire response trait indicating morphological [PATO:0000051] features that protect individuals [EFO:0000542] from death [GO:0016265] when a fire [ENVO:01000786] occurs nearby.
Classification scheme of plant fire tolerance, indicating morphological characteristics plants use to survive fire.
value type
categorical variable
has narrower
plant_tolerance_fire_fire_retardant Plants protected from fire by fire retardant in their bark, stems, or other tissues.
plant_tolerance_fire_fire_retardant_bark Plants protected from fire by fire retardant in their bark.
plant_tolerance_fire_thick_bark Plants protected from fire by thick bark.
has broader
fire response trait
plant structure morphology trait
plant structure
whole plant
measured characteristic
organismal quality
tolerance
sensitivity
structure
keyword
fire
survival
examples
exact match: Species tolerance to fire [TRY:318] (https://www.try-db.org/de/de.php)
references
no linked references
date created
2023-02-23”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date modified
2024-02-05”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
date reviewed
2023-05-31”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date
reviewed by
Elizabeth Wenk
Rachael Gallagher
Russell Barrett
Carl Gosper
Rachael Nolan
Tony Auld
Tom Le Breton
Matthew White
Sophie Yang
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
trait_0030818

4. Values for categorical traits

This section of the ontology expresses allowed categorical trait values for each trait concept. These terms are each defined and linked to a single trait concept to reduce ambiguity.

Plant spinescence

no_spines

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_spinescence_no_spines
preferred label
no_spines
description
No spines. (level 0)
has broader
Plant spinescence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_spinescence_no_spines

low_density_soft_spines

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_spinescence_low_density_soft_spines
preferred label
low_density_soft_spines
description
Low or very local density of soft spines <5mm long; plant may sting or prickle when hit carelessly but not impart strong pain. (level 1)
has broader
Plant spinescence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_spinescence_low_density_soft_spines

high_density_soft_spines

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_spinescence_high_density_soft_spines
preferred label
high_density_soft_spines
description
High density of soft spines, intermediate density of spines of intermediate hardness, or low density of hard, sharp spines >5mm long; plant causes actual pain when hit carelessly. (level 2)
has broader
Plant spinescence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_spinescence_high_density_soft_spines

high_density_hard_spines_to_5mm

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_spinescence_high_density_hard_spines_to_5mm
preferred label
high_density_hard_spines_to_5mm
description
Intermediate or high density of hard, sharp spines >5mm long; plant causes strong pain when hit carelessly. (level 3)
has broader
Plant spinescence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_spinescence_high_density_hard_spines_to_5mm

high_density_hard_spines_to_20mm

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_spinescence_high_density_hard_spines_to_20mm
preferred label
high_density_hard_spines_to_20mm
description
Intermediate or high density of hard, sharp spines >20mm long; plant may cause significant wounds when hit carelessly. (level 4)
has broader
Plant spinescence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_spinescence_high_density_hard_spines_to_20mm

high_density_hard_spines_to_100mm

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_spinescence_high_density_hard_spines_to_100mm
preferred label
high_density_hard_spines_to_100mm
description
Intermediate or high density of hard, sharp spines >100mm long; plant is dangerous to careless large mammals, including humans. (level 5)
has broader
Plant spinescence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_spinescence_high_density_hard_spines_to_100mm

Embryo colour

colourless

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/embryo_colour_colourless
preferred label
colourless
description
Colourless embryo.
has broader
Embryo colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
embryo_colour_colourless

green

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/embryo_colour_green
preferred label
green
description
Green embryo.
has broader
Embryo colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
embryo_colour_green

Cotyledon function

foliaceous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/cotyledon_function_foliaceous
preferred label
foliaceous
description
Cotyledons are photosynthetic and function as leaves.
has broader
Cotyledon function
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
cotyledon_function_foliaceous

reserve

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/cotyledon_function_reserve
preferred label
reserve
description
Cotyledons function as energy reserve organs.
has broader
Cotyledon function
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
cotyledon_function_reserve

Cotyledon position at germination

cryptocotylar

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/cotyledon_position_cryptocotylar
preferred label
cryptocotylar
description
A type of seed germination in which the cotyledons remain within the seed coat at germination.
has broader
Cotyledon position at germination
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
cotyledon_position_cryptocotylar

phanerocotylar

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/cotyledon_position_phanerocotylar
preferred label
phanerocotylar
description
A type of seed germination in which the cotyledons emerge from the seed coat.
has broader
Cotyledon position at germination
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
cotyledon_position_phanerocotylar

Cotyledon hairiness

glabrous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/cotyledon_hairs_glabrous
preferred label
glabrous
description
Cotyledons lack hairs.
has broader
Cotyledon hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
cotyledon_hairs_glabrous

hairy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/cotyledon_hairs_hairy
preferred label
hairy
description
Cotyledons have hairs.
has broader
Cotyledon hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
cotyledon_hairs_hairy

Hypocotyl hairiness

glabrous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedling_hypocotyl_hairs_glabrous
preferred label
glabrous
description
Hypocotyl lacks hairs.
has broader
Hypocotyl hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedling_hypocotyl_hairs_glabrous

hairy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedling_hypocotyl_hairs_hairy
preferred label
hairy
description
Hypocotyl has hairs.
has broader
Hypocotyl hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedling_hypocotyl_hairs_hairy

Seedling first true leaf type

scale-like

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedling_first_node_leaf_type_scale-like
preferred label
scale-like
description
The leaf at the first stem node above the epicotyl is scale-like, also referred to as a cataphyll.
has broader
Seedling first true leaf type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedling_first_node_leaf_type_scale-like

leaf-like

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedling_first_node_leaf_type_leaf-like
preferred label
leaf-like
description
The leaf at the first stem node above the epicotyl is leaf-like (broad).
has broader
Seedling first true leaf type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedling_first_node_leaf_type_leaf-like

Seedling first node leaf count

single

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedling_first_node_leaf_count_single
preferred label
single
description
There is a single leaf at the first stem node above the epicotyl.
has broader
Seedling first node leaf count
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedling_first_node_leaf_count_single

paired

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedling_first_node_leaf_count_paired
preferred label
paired
description
There is a pair of leaves at the first stem node above the epicotyl.
has broader
Seedling first node leaf count
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedling_first_node_leaf_count_paired

Seedling germination location

epigeal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedling_germination_location_epigeal
preferred label
epigeal
description
Germinant with one or more cotyledons emerging aboveground.
has broader
Seedling germination location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedling_germination_location_epigeal

hypogeal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedling_germination_location_hypogeal
preferred label
hypogeal
description
Germinant with all cotyledons remaining belowground.
has broader
Seedling germination location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedling_germination_location_hypogeal

Leaf type

broadleaf

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_type_broadleaf
preferred label
broadleaf
description
Flat leaf lamina, regardless of whether the leaves are or are not toothed, lobed, or compound.
has broader
Leaf type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_type_broadleaf

needle

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_type_needle
preferred label
needle
description
Needle or awl-shaped leaf that is generally 3-dimensional.
has broader
Leaf type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_type_needle

scale

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_type_scale
preferred label
scale
description
Leaf reduced to a small scale.
has broader
Leaf type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_type_scale

leafless

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_type_leafless
preferred label
leafless
description
An adult stage plant that lacks leaves throughout the year.
has broader
Leaf type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_type_leafless

Leaf shape

linear

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_linear
preferred label
linear
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is very long and narrow, has parallel sides and a length:width ratio between 12:1 and 6:1.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_linear

narrowly_oblong

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_narrowly_oblong
preferred label
narrowly_oblong
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is long and narrow, has parallel sides and a length:width ratio between 6:1 and 3:1. (Synonyms, lorate)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_narrowly_oblong

oblong

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_oblong
preferred label
oblong
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is somewhat elongated with parallel sides and a length:width ratio between 2:1 and 3:2.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_oblong

linear_elliptical

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_linear_elliptical
preferred label
linear_elliptical
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is a very narrow oval, with curved margins, lacking a distinct point, and a length:width ratio between 12:1 and 6:1.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_linear_elliptical

narrowly_elliptical

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_narrowly_elliptical
preferred label
narrowly_elliptical
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is a narrow oval, with curved margins, lacking a distinct point, and a length:width ratio between 6:1 and 3:1.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_narrowly_elliptical

elliptical

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_elliptical
preferred label
elliptical
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is an oval, with curved margins, lacking a distinct point, and a length:width ratio between 2:1 and 3:2. (Synonyms, oval)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_elliptical

widely_elliptical

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_widely_elliptical
preferred label
widely_elliptical
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is a broad oval, with curved margins, lacking a distinct point, and a length:width ratio of approximately 6:5.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_widely_elliptical

orbicular

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_orbicular
preferred label
orbicular
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is approximately circular. (Synonyms, circular)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_orbicular

oblate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_oblate
preferred label
oblate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is a broad oval, with curved margins, lacking a distinct point, and a length:width ratio of approximately 5:6. The petiole attaches along the broader side.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_oblate

narrowly_lanceolate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_narrowly_lanceolate
preferred label
narrowly_lanceolate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is very narrowly egg-shaped or teardrop-shaped, with a length:width ratio between 12:1 and 6:1. The petiole attaches near the wide, curved portion of the leaf lamina.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_narrowly_lanceolate

lanceolate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_lanceolate
preferred label
lanceolate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is narrowly egg-shaped or teardrop-shaped, with a length:width ratio between 6:1 and 3:1. The petiole attaches near the wide, curved portion of the leaf lamina.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_lanceolate

narrowly_ovate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_narrowly_ovate
preferred label
narrowly_ovate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is narrowly egg-shaped, with a length:width ratio between 3:1 and 2:1. The petiole attaches near the wide, curved portion of the leaf lamina. (Synonyms, lance_ovate, widely_lanceolate)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_narrowly_ovate

ovate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_ovate
preferred label
ovate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is egg-shaped, with a length:width ratio between 2:1 and 3:2. The petiole attaches near the wide, curved portion of the leaf lamina.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_ovate

widely_ovate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_widely_ovate
preferred label
widely_ovate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is broadly egg-shaped with a length:width ratio of approximately 6:5. The petiole attaches near the wide, curved portion of the leaf lamina.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_widely_ovate

narrowly_oblanceolate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_narrowly_oblanceolate
preferred label
narrowly_oblanceolate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is very narrowly teardrop-shaped, with a length:width ratio between 12:1 and 6:1. The leaf lamina has curved outer margins and narrows nearly to a point where it attaches to the petiole. (Synonyms, linear_oblanceolate)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_narrowly_oblanceolate

oblanceolate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_oblanceolate
preferred label
oblanceolate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is narrowly teardrop-shaped, with a length:width ratio between 6:1 and 3:1. The leaf lamina has curved outer margins and narrows nearly to a point where it attaches to the petiole.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_oblanceolate

narrowly_obovate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_narrowly_obovate
preferred label
narrowly_obovate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is narrowly egg-shaped or teardrop-shaped with a length:width ratio between 3:1 and 2:1. The leaf lamina has curved outer margins and narrows nearly to a point where it attaches to the petiole. (Synonyms, oblance-obovate)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_narrowly_obovate

obovate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_obovate
preferred label
obovate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is egg-shaped with a length:width ratio between 2:1 and 3:2. The leaf lamina has curved outer margins and narrows nearly to a point where it attaches to the petiole.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_obovate

widely_obovate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_widely_obovate
preferred label
widely_obovate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is broadly egg-shaped with a length:width ratio of approximately 6:5. The leaf lamina has curved outer margins and narrows nearly to a point where it attaches to the petiole.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_widely_obovate

narrowly_triangular

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_narrowly_triangular
preferred label
narrowly_triangular
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is narrowly triangular to wedge-shaped, with a length:width ratio 6:1 to 3:1 and the petiole attaching near the widest portion of the leaf. (Synonyms, triangular)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_narrowly_triangular

triangular

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_triangular
preferred label
triangular
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is triangular to wedge-shaped, with a length:width ratio 2:1 to 3:2 and the petiole attaching near the widest portion of the leaf.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_triangular

deltate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_deltate
preferred label
deltate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is triangular to wedge-shaped, with a length:width ratio of 1:1 and the petiole attaching along one of the broad sides.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_deltate

obtriangular

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_obtriangular
preferred label
obtriangular
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is triangular to fan-shaped or wedge-shaped, with a length:width ratio 2:1 to 3:2 and the petiole attaching near the narrowest portion of the leaf. (Synonyms, flabelliform, fan-shaped, wedge-shaped, cuneate)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_obtriangular

narrowly_rhomboidal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_narrowly_rhomboidal
preferred label
narrowly_rhomboidal
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is like a narrow diamond, with approximately straight edges, widest near the middle, and a length:width ratio 6:1 to 3:1. The petiole attaches near one of the points.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_narrowly_rhomboidal

rhomboidal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_rhomboidal
preferred label
rhomboidal
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is approximately diamond or parallelogram-shaped, with approximately straight edges, widest near the middle, and a length:width ratio 2:1 to 3:2. The petiole attaches near one of the points. (Synonyms, rhombic, diamond)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_rhomboidal

trullate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_trullate
preferred label
trullate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is approximately parallelogram-shaped, widest near where the petiole attaches (base), and with a length:width ratio 2:1 to 3:2.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_trullate

narrowly_obtrullate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_narrowly_obtrullate
preferred label
narrowly_obtrullate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is narrowly parallelogram-shaped, widest near the tip, and with a length:width ratio 3:1 to 6:1.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_narrowly_obtrullate

obtrullate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_obtrullate
preferred label
obtrullate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is approximately parallelogram-shaped, widest near the tip, and with a length:width ratio 2:1 to 3:2.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_obtrullate

widely_obtrullate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_widely_obtrullate
preferred label
widely_obtrullate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is broadly parallelogram-shaped, widest near the tip, and with a length:width ratio of approximately 6:5.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_widely_obtrullate

acicular

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_acicular
preferred label
acicular
description
A 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional shape with a needlelike tip, often round in cross-section, with margins straight and parallel, and a length:width ratio greater than 12:1. (Synonyms, needle-shaped)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_acicular

terete

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_terete
preferred label
terete
description
A 3-dimensional shape that is a long, narrow cylinder approximately circular in cross-section. Terete leaves often taper toward the tip. (Synonym, cylindrical)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_terete

cordate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_cordate
preferred label
cordate
description
A 2-dimensional heart shape, approximately ovate with a cordate base, with the petiole attaching at the notch between the lobes. (Synonyms, cordiform)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_cordate

obcordate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_obcordate
preferred label
obcordate
description
A 2-dimensional heart shape, approximately ovate with a cordate apex, and the petiole attaching along the broad, curve side.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_obcordate

falcate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_falcate
preferred label
falcate
description
A 2-dimensional sickle-shape, approximately lanceolate to linear and curved on one side. (Synonyms, scimitar-shaped, sickle-shaped, falciform, crescent-shaped)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_falcate

reniform

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_reniform
preferred label
reniform
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is roughly kidney-shaped, wider than long with a rounded apex and two rounded, basal lobes that are smoothly concave at their intersection. (Synonyms, kidney-shaped)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_reniform

spathulate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_spathulate
preferred label
spathulate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that can be approximately oblong, obovate, or oblanceolate in outline with a long attenuate base, like a spoon. (Synonyms, spoon-shaped, clavate)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_spathulate

strap-shaped

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_strap-shaped
preferred label
strap-shaped
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is strap-shaped with a rounded tip and a length:width ratio greater than 12:1.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_strap-shaped

ensiform

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_ensiform
preferred label
ensiform
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is sword-shaped with a pointed tip and a length:width ratio greater than 12:1. (Synonyms, sword-shaped)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_ensiform

subulate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_subulate
preferred label
subulate
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is awl-shaped, approximately narrowly oblong to narrowly triangular with a broad base. (Synonyms, awl-shaped)
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_subulate

peltate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_peltate
preferred label
peltate
description
A 2-dimensional orbicular shape, distinguished by the petiole attaching near the center of the leaf lamina.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_peltate

filiform

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_shape_filiform
preferred label
filiform
description
A 2-dimensional shape that is long, thin, and typically flexuous, threadlike, filamentous.
has broader
Leaf shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_shape_filiform

Leaf base shape

acute

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_base_shape_acute
preferred label
acute
description
Two sides of the leaf meet at an angle that is less than 90<U+00B0>.
has broader
Leaf base shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_base_shape_acute

attenuate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_base_shape_attenuate
preferred label
attenuate
description
Basal leaf margin abruptly incurved (concave), the two sides intersecting at an angle of less than 45<U+00B0>.
has broader
Leaf base shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_base_shape_attenuate

auriculate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_base_shape_auriculate
preferred label
auriculate
description
Basal leaf margin with two rounded lobes. The leaf margin above the lobes is concave. The petiole attaches in the incised region between the lobes.
has broader
Leaf base shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_base_shape_auriculate

cordate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_base_shape_cordate
preferred label
cordate
description
Basal leaf margin with two rounded lobes and the petiole attaches in the incised region between the lobes. The leaf margin above the lobes is rounded.
has broader
Leaf base shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_base_shape_cordate

cuneate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_base_shape_cuneate
preferred label
cuneate
description
Basal leaf margin approximately straight, the two sides intersecting at an angle between 45<U+00B0> to 90<U+00B0>.
has broader
Leaf base shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_base_shape_cuneate

hastate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_base_shape_hastate
preferred label
hastate
description
Basal leaf margin with two lobes oriented outward, such that they are at approximately 90<U+00B0> relative to the central axis and the leaf margin is fairly flat at the base.
has broader
Leaf base shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_base_shape_hastate

oblique

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_base_shape_oblique
preferred label
oblique
description
The leaf base is asymmetrical, with the midrib not lying in the middle of the leaf where it attaches to the petiole.
has broader
Leaf base shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_base_shape_oblique

obtuse

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_base_shape_obtuse
preferred label
obtuse
description
Two sides of the leaf meet at an angle that is greater than 90<U+00B0>.
has broader
Leaf base shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_base_shape_obtuse

rounded

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_base_shape_rounded
preferred label
rounded
description
Basal leaf margin is rounded.
has broader
Leaf base shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_base_shape_rounded

sagittate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_base_shape_sagittate
preferred label
sagittate
description
Basal leaf margin with two lobes oriented downward, away from apex. The petiole attaches in the concave region between the lobes.
has broader
Leaf base shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_base_shape_sagittate

sheathing

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_base_shape_sheathing
preferred label
sheathing
description
The leaf base is broad and envelops the stem.
has broader
Leaf base shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_base_shape_sheathing

truncate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_base_shape_truncate
preferred label
truncate
description
The basal leaf margin is cut straight across with the two sides intersecting at approximately 180<U+00B0>.
has broader
Leaf base shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_base_shape_truncate

Leaf margin

entire

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_margin_entire
preferred label
entire
description
Leaf margin lacks projections or indentations that extend less than 1/8 of the distance to the midrib.
has broader
Leaf margin
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_margin_entire

toothed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_margin_toothed
preferred label
toothed
description
Leaf margin has small projections or lobes along the edge of the leaf lamina. This is a broad term that includes serrate, dentate, and crenulate.
has broader
Leaf margin
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_margin_toothed

toothed_serrate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_margin_toothed_serrate
preferred label
toothed_serrate
description
Type of toothed leaf margin with sharp teeth that are angled toward the tip of the leaf. (Synonyms, saw-toothed)
has broader
Leaf margin
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_margin_toothed_serrate

toothed_dentate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_margin_toothed_dentate
preferred label
toothed_dentate
description
Type of toothed leaf margin with sharp teeth that point outwards at right angles to the leaf margin.
has broader
Leaf margin
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_margin_toothed_dentate

toothed_crenate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_margin_toothed_crenate
preferred label
toothed_crenate
description
Type of toothed leaf margin with teeth that are rounded or obtuse, rather than having a sharp apex. [PO:0025519]
has broader
Leaf margin
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_margin_toothed_crenate

Leaf margin posture

involute

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_margin_posture_involute
preferred label
involute
description
Leaf margins along the side of the leaf are rolled upward, such that the margin of the adaxial (upper) leaf surface is rolled inward. (Synonym, inrolled, incurved)
has broader
Leaf margin posture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_margin_posture_involute

revolute

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_margin_posture_revolute
preferred label
revolute
description
Leaf margins along the side of the leaf are rolled under or downward, such that the margin of the abaxial (lower) leaf surface is rolled inward. [PATO:0001963] (Synonym, recurved)
has broader
Leaf margin posture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_margin_posture_revolute

flat

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_margin_posture_flat
preferred label
flat
description
Leaf lamina, including margins, is a 2-dimensional plane. [PATO:0000407]
has broader
Leaf margin posture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_margin_posture_flat

undulate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_margin_posture_undulate
preferred label
undulate
description
Leaf margins are wavy in their 2-dimensional plane. (Synonyms, wavy, rippled, sinuate)
has broader
Leaf margin posture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_margin_posture_undulate

Leaf lobation

unlobed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lobation_unlobed
preferred label
unlobed
description
Leaf margin lacks projections or indentations that extend more than 1/8 of the distance to the midrib.
has broader
Leaf lobation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lobation_unlobed

lobed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lobation_lobed
preferred label
lobed
description
Leaf margin has incisions, either rounded or sharp-tipped, that extend more than 1/8 of the distance to the midrib.
has broader
Leaf lobation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lobation_lobed

lobed_deep

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lobation_lobed_deep
preferred label
lobed_deep
description
Leaf margin with lobes that extend more than halfway to the midrib. (Synonyms, parted, divided)
has broader
Leaf lobation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lobation_lobed_deep

lobed_shallow

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lobation_lobed_shallow
preferred label
lobed_shallow
description
Leaf margin with lobes that extend less than halfway to the midrib. (Synonyms, cleft, sinuate)
has broader
Leaf lobation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lobation_lobed_shallow

Leaf compoundness

simple

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_compoundness_simple
preferred label
simple
description
A leaf with a single undivided blade. [PO:0020042]
has broader
Leaf compoundness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_compoundness_simple

compound

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_compoundness_compound
preferred label
compound
description
A leaf that is divided into multiple leaflets. [PO:0020043]
has broader
Leaf compoundness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_compoundness_compound

Leaf divisions

pinnately_lobed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_pinnately_lobed
preferred label
pinnately_lobed
description
Leaf with divisions that are symmetrical across a central axis, usually the midvein.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_pinnately_lobed

palmately_lobed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_palmately_lobed
preferred label
palmately_lobed
description
Leaf with divisions that radiate from a single point, usually the basal junction of major veins.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_palmately_lobed

pinnatifid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_pinnatifid
preferred label
pinnatifid
description
Leaf with lobes that extend less than half-way to the midrib.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_pinnatifid

bipinnatifid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_bipinnatifid
preferred label
bipinnatifid
description
Leaf that is twice pinnatifid, with two series of lobes that extend less than half-way to the midrib.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_bipinnatifid

pinnatipartite

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_pinnatipartite
preferred label
pinnatipartite
description
Leaf with lobes that extend more than half-way to the midrib.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_pinnatipartite

pinnatisect

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_pinnatisect
preferred label
pinnatisect
description
Leaf with lobes that extend nearly to the midrib but the divisions are not separated into distinct leaflets.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_pinnatisect

bipinnatipartite

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_bipinnatipartite
preferred label
bipinnatipartite
description
Leaf that is twice pinnatipartite, with two series of lobes that extend more than half-way to the midrib.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_bipinnatipartite

bipinnatisect

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_bipinnatisect
preferred label
bipinnatisect
description
Leaf that is twice pinnatisect, with two series of lobes that extend nearly to the midrib but the divisions are not separated into distinct leaflets.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_bipinnatisect

trichotomously_lobed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_trichotomously_lobed
preferred label
trichotomously_lobed
description
Leaf divided repeatedly into three lobes.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_trichotomously_lobed

dichotomously_lobed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_dichotomously_lobed
preferred label
dichotomously_lobed
description
Leaf divided repeatedly into two lobes.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_dichotomously_lobed

bipartite

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_bipartite
preferred label
bipartite
description
Leaf divided into two lobes.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_bipartite

tripartite

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_tripartite
preferred label
tripartite
description
Leaf divided into three lobes.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_tripartite

pinnately_compound

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_pinnately_compound
preferred label
pinnately_compound
description
Leaf divided into leaflets that attach along a central axis. [PATO_0000410]
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_pinnately_compound

palmately_compound

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_palmately_compound
preferred label
palmately_compound
description
Leaf divided into leaflets that attach to a central point. (Synonyms, digitate)
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_palmately_compound

bipinnate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_bipinnate
preferred label
bipinnate
description
Leaf that is twice pinnate, having pinnate leaflets that are themselves pinnately divided.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_bipinnate

tripinnate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_tripinnate
preferred label
tripinnate
description
Leaf that is three times pinnate, with pinnate leaflets that are twice more pinnately divided.
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_tripinnate

trifoliate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_division_trifoliate
preferred label
trifoliate
description
Leaf divided into three leaflets. (Synonyms, ternate, trifoliolate)
has broader
Leaf divisions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_division_trifoliate

Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape

concave

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_posture_concave
preferred label
concave
description
A longitudinal posture term indicating the leaf lamina is curved upward along the central axis, such that the upper leaf lamina surface is concave.
has broader
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_posture_concave

conduplicate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_posture_conduplicate
preferred label
conduplicate
description
A longitudinal posture term indicating the leaf lamina is folded upward along the central axis. (Synonym, folded)
has broader
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_posture_conduplicate

convex

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_posture_convex
preferred label
convex
description
A longitudinal posture term indicating the leaf lamina is curved downward along the central axis, such that the lower leaf lamina surface is concave. (Synonym, concavoconvex, planoconvex)
has broader
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_posture_convex

convolute

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_posture_convolute
preferred label
convolute
description
Leaf lamina is contorted. (Synonym, twisted)
has broader
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_posture_convolute

flat

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_posture_flat
preferred label
flat
description
The leaf lamina is a 2-dimensional plane.
has broader
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_posture_flat

incurved

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_posture_incurved
preferred label
incurved
description
Leaf tip is curved upward.
has broader
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_posture_incurved

involute

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_posture_involute
preferred label
involute
description
A longitudinal posture term indicating the outer portions of the leaf lamina are rolled inward or upward.
has broader
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_posture_involute

plicate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_posture_plicate
preferred label
plicate
description
Leaf margin is pleated, with a series of longitudinal folds.
has broader
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_posture_plicate

recurved

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_posture_recurved
preferred label
recurved
description
Leaf tip is curved outward or downward. [PATO:0002211]
has broader
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_posture_recurved

revolute

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_posture_revolute
preferred label
revolute
description
A longitudinal posture term indicating the outer portions of the leaf lamina are rolled outward or downward.
has broader
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_posture_revolute

undulate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_lamina_posture_undulate
preferred label
undulate
description
The leaf lamina surface is rippled or wavy in its 2-dimensional plane. [PATO:0000967] (Synonyms, wavy, rippled, sinuate)
has broader
Leaf lamina posture (leaf 3-dimensional shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_lamina_posture_undulate

Leaf glaucousness

glaucous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_glaucousness_glaucous
preferred label
glaucous
description
Mature (fully expanded) leaves on adult plants have a waxy coating, giving them a glaucous appearance. (Synonyms, waxy bloom, pruinose)
has broader
Leaf glaucousness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_glaucousness_glaucous

not_glaucous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_glaucousness_not_glaucous
preferred label
not_glaucous
description
Mature (fully expanded) leaves on adult plants do not have a glaucous appearance.
has broader
Leaf glaucousness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_glaucousness_not_glaucous

Mature leaf hairiness

glabrous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_hairs_adult_leaves_glabrous
preferred label
glabrous
description
Mature (fully expanded) leaves on adult plants do not have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
Mature leaf hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_hairs_adult_leaves_glabrous

hairy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_hairs_adult_leaves_hairy
preferred label
hairy
description
Mature (fully expanded) leaves on adult plants have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
Mature leaf hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_hairs_adult_leaves_hairy

Juvenile phase leaf hairiness

glabrous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_hairs_juvenile_leaves_glabrous
preferred label
glabrous
description
Juvenile phase leaves do not have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
Juvenile phase leaf hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_hairs_juvenile_leaves_glabrous

hairy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_hairs_juvenile_leaves_hairy
preferred label
hairy
description
Juvenile phase leaves have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
Juvenile phase leaf hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_hairs_juvenile_leaves_hairy

Immature leaf hairiness

glabrous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_hairs_immature_leaves_glabrous
preferred label
glabrous
description
Immature (still expanding) leaves do not have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
Immature leaf hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_hairs_immature_leaves_glabrous

hairy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_hairs_immature_leaves_hairy
preferred label
hairy
description
Immature (still expanding) leaves have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
Immature leaf hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_hairs_immature_leaves_hairy

Leaf surface colour

green

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_surface_colour_green
preferred label
green
description
Leaf lamina surface is green.
has broader
Leaf surface colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_surface_colour_green

grey_green

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_surface_colour_grey_green
preferred label
grey_green
description
Leaf lamina surface is grey-green.
has broader
Leaf surface colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_surface_colour_grey_green

dark_green

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_surface_colour_dark_green
preferred label
dark_green
description
Leaf lamina surface is dark green.
has broader
Leaf surface colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_surface_colour_dark_green

pale_green

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_surface_colour_pale_green
preferred label
pale_green
description
Leaf lamina surface is pale green.
has broader
Leaf surface colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_surface_colour_pale_green

pale_grey_green

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_surface_colour_pale_grey_green
preferred label
pale_grey_green
description
Leaf lamina surface is pale grey-green.
has broader
Leaf surface colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_surface_colour_pale_grey_green

dark_grey_green

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_surface_colour_dark_grey_green
preferred label
dark_grey_green
description
Leaf lamina surface is dark grey-green.
has broader
Leaf surface colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_surface_colour_dark_grey_green

red

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_surface_colour_red
preferred label
red
description
Leaf lamina surface is red.
has broader
Leaf surface colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_surface_colour_red

purple

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_surface_colour_purple
preferred label
purple
description
Leaf lamina surface is purple.
has broader
Leaf surface colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_surface_colour_purple

Leaf surface reflectivity

dull

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_surface_reflectivity_dull
preferred label
dull
description
Leaf surface appears dull, indicating it has a low reflectivity.
has broader
Leaf surface reflectivity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_surface_reflectivity_dull

shiny

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_surface_reflectivity_shiny
preferred label
shiny
description
Leaf surface appears shiny or glossy, indicating it has a high reflectivity. (Synonyms, glossy, lustrous, polished)
has broader
Leaf surface reflectivity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_surface_reflectivity_shiny

Leaf phyllotaxis

alternate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_phyllotaxis_alternate
preferred label
alternate
description
A single leaf is attached at each stem node.
has broader
Leaf phyllotaxis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_phyllotaxis_alternate

opposite

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_phyllotaxis_opposite
preferred label
opposite
description
A pair of leaves are attached opposite to one another at each stem node.
has broader
Leaf phyllotaxis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_phyllotaxis_opposite

whorled

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_phyllotaxis_whorled
preferred label
whorled
description
Three or more leaves are attached at each stem node, arranged in a symmetrical pattern around the stem. (Synonyms, verticillate)
has broader
Leaf phyllotaxis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_phyllotaxis_whorled

Leaf arrangement

decussate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_arrangement_decussate
preferred label
decussate
description
When sequential pairs of opposite leaves attach at right angles to the pair above or below.
has broader
Leaf arrangement
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_arrangement_decussate

distichous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_arrangement_distichous
preferred label
distichous
description
When alternate or opposite leaves are arranged in two opposite rows.
has broader
Leaf arrangement
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_arrangement_distichous

scattered

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_arrangement_scattered
preferred label
scattered
description
When leaves are attached along the entire length of stem.
has broader
Leaf arrangement
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_arrangement_scattered

spiral

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_arrangement_spiral
preferred label
spiral
description
When alternate leaves are attached in a progressive spiral pattern along the stem.
has broader
Leaf arrangement
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_arrangement_spiral

fasciculate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_arrangement_fasciculate
preferred label
fasciculate
description
A tight bundle or cluster of leaves attaches to the stem in a single location, generally due to the shortening of internodes. (Synonym, tufted)
has broader
Leaf arrangement
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_arrangement_fasciculate

clustered

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_arrangement_clustered
preferred label
clustered
description
When leaves are in any type of cluster, where the type of cluster is not further specified. The leaves may be clustered toward the base of the plant (a rosette), toward the top of the plant, toward the end of branches, or in distinct tuft (fascicles), but more information is not provided.
has broader
Leaf arrangement
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_arrangement_clustered

clustered_basal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_arrangement_clustered_basal
preferred label
clustered_basal
description
When leaves are clustered or crowded to the base of the stem, arranged in a rosette or other basal clustering. (Synonym, rosette)
has broader
Leaf arrangement
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_arrangement_clustered_basal

crowded

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_arrangement_crowded
preferred label
crowded
description
When internode length varies considerably along a stem, such that leaves appear crowded or tufted. (Synonym, congested)
has broader
Leaf arrangement
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_arrangement_crowded

rosette

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_arrangement_rosette
preferred label
rosette
description
When leaves radiate from a central point at or near ground level.
has broader
Leaf arrangement
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_arrangement_rosette

imbricate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_arrangement_imbricate
preferred label
imbricate
description
When leaves lay tightly against the stem and are overlapping.
has broader
Leaf arrangement
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_arrangement_imbricate

Leaf pendulousness

pendulous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_pendulousness_pendulous
preferred label
pendulous
description
Leaves are pendulous.
has broader
Leaf pendulousness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_pendulousness_pendulous

not_pendulous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_pendulousness_not_pendulous
preferred label
not_pendulous
description
Leaves are not pendulous.
has broader
Leaf pendulousness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_pendulousness_not_pendulous

Stomatal distribution

amphistomatic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_stomatal_distribution_amphistomatic
preferred label
amphistomatic
description
Leaves with stomata on both leaf surfaces.
has broader
Stomatal distribution
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_stomatal_distribution_amphistomatic

amphistomatic_uneven

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_stomatal_distribution_amphistomatic_uneven
preferred label
amphistomatic_uneven
description
Leaves with stomata on both leaf surfaces but more stomata on the lower leaf surface.
has broader
Stomatal distribution
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_stomatal_distribution_amphistomatic_uneven

epistomatic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_stomatal_distribution_epistomatic
preferred label
epistomatic
description
Leaves that only have stomata on the upper (adaxial) leaf surface.
has broader
Stomatal distribution
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_stomatal_distribution_epistomatic

hypostomatic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_stomatal_distribution_hypostomatic
preferred label
hypostomatic
description
Leaves that only have stomata on the lower (abaxial) leaf surface.
has broader
Stomatal distribution
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_stomatal_distribution_hypostomatic

Stomatal hairiness

stomata_covered_with_dense_hairs

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_stomatal_hairs_stomata_covered_with_dense_hairs
preferred label
stomata_covered_with_dense_hairs
description
Stomata densely covered by hairs.
has broader
Stomatal hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_stomatal_hairs_stomata_covered_with_dense_hairs

stomata_not_covered_by_hairs

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_stomatal_hairs_stomata_not_covered_by_hairs
preferred label
stomata_not_covered_by_hairs
description
Stomata not hair-covered.
has broader
Stomatal hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_stomatal_hairs_stomata_not_covered_by_hairs

Stem hairiness

glabrous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_hairs_glabrous
preferred label
glabrous
description
Adult plant stems do not have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
Stem hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_hairs_glabrous

hairy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_hairs_hairy
preferred label
hairy
description
Adult plant stems have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
Stem hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_hairs_hairy

Bark morphology, Eucalyptus

eucalypt_box

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_box
preferred label
eucalypt_box
description
Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Box’ type bark.
has broader
Bark morphology, Eucalyptus
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_box

eucalypt_gum

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_gum
preferred label
eucalypt_gum
description
Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Gum’ type bark.
has broader
Bark morphology, Eucalyptus
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_gum

eucalypt_stocking

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_stocking
preferred label
eucalypt_stocking
description
Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Gum’ type bark above a rough barked stocking.
has broader
Bark morphology, Eucalyptus
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_stocking

eucalypt_ironbark

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_ironbark
preferred label
eucalypt_ironbark
description
Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Ironbark’ type bark.
has broader
Bark morphology, Eucalyptus
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_ironbark

eucalypt_peppermint

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_peppermint
preferred label
eucalypt_peppermint
description
Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Peppermint’ type bark.
has broader
Bark morphology, Eucalyptus
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_peppermint

eucalypt_stringybark

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_stringybark
preferred label
eucalypt_stringybark
description
Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Stringy’ type bark.
has broader
Bark morphology, Eucalyptus
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_stringybark

eucalypt_ribbonbark

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_ribbonbark
preferred label
eucalypt_ribbonbark
description
Eucalyptus, Corymbia or Angophora taxa with ‘Gum’ type bark that sheds in ribbons.
has broader
Bark morphology, Eucalyptus
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bark_morphology_eucalyptus_eucalypt_ribbonbark

Root system morphology

type_i

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_system_classification_type_i
preferred label
type_i
description
The primary root is fibrous or fleshy and is relatively long; mesophytic.
has broader
Root system morphology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_system_classification_type_i

type_ii

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_system_classification_type_ii
preferred label
type_ii
description
The primary root is relatively short and is fibrous. Roots are well branched in a dry habitat but branch little in one that is wet.
has broader
Root system morphology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_system_classification_type_ii

type_iii

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_system_classification_type_iii
preferred label
type_iii
description
The primary root is usually long and fibrous. The first order lateral roots are well branched and are usually short; they are rather evenly distributed along the primary root; xerophytic.
has broader
Root system morphology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_system_classification_type_iii

type_iv

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_system_classification_type_iv
preferred label
type_iv
description
The primary root is usually long and slender like that of Type II. The first order lateral roots are well branched. Those closest to the surface of the ground, or not far below, are relatively long; xerophytic and mesophytic.
has broader
Root system morphology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_system_classification_type_iv

type_v

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_system_classification_type_v
preferred label
type_v
description
The primary root is divided-forked or branched-and fibrous, and with few first order lateral roots, or, in age, apparently with none; xerophytic.
has broader
Root system morphology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_system_classification_type_v

type_vi

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_system_classification_type_vi
preferred label
type_vi
description
The primary root is usually as in Type V. The first order lateral roots are mostly on the upper portion of the primary root and are thus relatively superficial; xerophytic or in well aerated sandy soil where the rainfall is not light.
has broader
Root system morphology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_system_classification_type_vi

type_vii

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_system_classification_type_vii
preferred label
type_vii
description
Adventitious roots that are in one group and arise on a short horizontal, or vertical, axis of the shoot. They are fibrous or fleshly; mesophytic and hydrophytic.
has broader
Root system morphology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_system_classification_type_vii

type_viii

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_system_classification_type_viii
preferred label
type_viii
description
Adventitious roots that are in one group and are fibrous and fleshy, or fibrous and thick. The fibrous adventitious roots are absorbing-anchoring roots and are usually with laterals to the second order; meophytic.
has broader
Root system morphology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_system_classification_type_viii

type_ix

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_system_classification_type_ix
preferred label
type_ix
description
Adventitious roots that arise on the aerial stem and branches of some herbaceous taxa, shrubs, and trees; on creepers, vines, and runners; and on subterranean rhizomes and stolons.
has broader
Root system morphology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_system_classification_type_ix

Root system type (presence of taproot

tap_root_absent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_system_type_tap_root_absent
preferred label
tap_root_absent
description
Tap root not present.
has broader
Root system type (presence of taproot
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_system_type_tap_root_absent

tap_root_present

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_system_type_tap_root_present
preferred label
tap_root_present
description
Tap root present.
has broader
Root system type (presence of taproot
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_system_type_tap_root_present

tap_root_sometimes_present

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_system_type_tap_root_sometimes_present
preferred label
tap_root_sometimes_present
description
Tap root sometimes present.
has broader
Root system type (presence of taproot
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_system_type_tap_root_sometimes_present

Root vascular anatomy

cord_roots

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_vascular_anatomy_cord_roots
preferred label
cord_roots
description
A root anatomy found within three genera of Mirbelieae (Daviesia, Euchilopsis, Phyllota) wherein networks of interlinking vascular strands exist (Crisp 2003; Pate and Dixon 1996).
has broader
Root vascular anatomy
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_vascular_anatomy_cord_roots

unistelar_roots

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_vascular_anatomy_unistelar_roots
preferred label
unistelar_roots
description
The commonly observed root anatomy, wherein there is a single vascular strand which displays secondary thickening.
has broader
Root vascular anatomy
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_vascular_anatomy_unistelar_roots

Androecium structural phyllotaxis

whorled

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_androecium_structural_phyllotaxis_whorled
preferred label
whorled
description
Stamens and staminodes arranged in whorls.
has broader
Androecium structural phyllotaxis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_androecium_structural_phyllotaxis_whorled

spiral

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_androecium_structural_phyllotaxis_spiral
preferred label
spiral
description
Stamens and staminodes have a spiral arrangement.
has broader
Androecium structural phyllotaxis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_androecium_structural_phyllotaxis_spiral

irregular

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_androecium_structural_phyllotaxis_irregular
preferred label
irregular
description
Stamens and staminodes have an irregular arrangement.
has broader
Androecium structural phyllotaxis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_androecium_structural_phyllotaxis_irregular

Anther attachment

basifixed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_attachment_basifixed
preferred label
basifixed
description
Filament attached to the base of the connective. Laminar stamens are classified as basifixed.
has broader
Anther attachment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_attachment_basifixed

dorsifixed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_attachment_dorsifixed
preferred label
dorsifixed
description
Filament attached to the dorsal side of the anther.
has broader
Anther attachment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_attachment_dorsifixed

dorsifixed_at_base

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_attachment_dorsifixed_at_base
preferred label
dorsifixed_at_base
description
Filament attached to the dorsal side of the anther, at the base.
has broader
Anther attachment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_attachment_dorsifixed_at_base

ventrifixed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_attachment_ventrifixed
preferred label
ventrifixed
description
Filament attached to the ventral side of the anther.
has broader
Anther attachment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_attachment_ventrifixed

Connective extension (apical

absent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_connective_extension_absent
preferred label
absent
description
Apical connective extensions are lacking.
has broader
Connective extension (apical
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_connective_extension_absent

short_extension

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_connective_extension_short_extension
preferred label
short_extension
description
Connective extension less than a third of the length of anther.
has broader
Connective extension (apical
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_connective_extension_short_extension

long_extension

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_connective_extension_long_extension
preferred label
long_extension
description
Connective extension more than a third but less than length of anther; e.g. Idiospermum australiense.
has broader
Connective extension (apical
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_connective_extension_long_extension

very_long_extension

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_connective_extension_very_long_extension
preferred label
very_long_extension
description
Connective extension more than length of anther; e.g. Galbulimima belgraveana.
has broader
Connective extension (apical
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_connective_extension_very_long_extension

present_general

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_connective_extension_present_general
preferred label
present_general
description
Apical connective extensions are present but no information on their length relative to the anthers.
has broader
Connective extension (apical
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_connective_extension_present_general

Anther dehiscence

longitudinal_slit

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_dehiscence_longitudinal_slit
preferred label
longitudinal_slit
description
Anther with longitudinal slits that extend along the entire length of each theca.
has broader
Anther dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_dehiscence_longitudinal_slit

poricidal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_dehiscence_poricidal
preferred label
poricidal
description
Anther where dehiscence of longitudinal slits is incomplete, with pollen exiting via a small pore at the tip.
has broader
Anther dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_dehiscence_poricidal

pores_many

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_dehiscence_pores_many
preferred label
pores_many
description
Anther with pollen exiting from many pores along its length.
has broader
Anther dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_dehiscence_pores_many

h_valvate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_dehiscence_h_valvate
preferred label
h_valvate
description
Anther with two valves on longitudinal hinges, opening horizontally as salon doors; when the stomium bifurcates at its distal and/or proximal end and thus a valve is formed.
has broader
Anther dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_dehiscence_h_valvate

flap_valvate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_dehiscence_flap_valvate
preferred label
flap_valvate
description
Anther with one or more flap-like valves on horizontal hinges, opening vertically.
has broader
Anther dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_dehiscence_flap_valvate

transverse_slit

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_dehiscence_transverse_slit
preferred label
transverse_slit
description
Anther with horizontal slit.
has broader
Anther dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_dehiscence_transverse_slit

short_basal_slits

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_dehiscence_short_basal_slits
preferred label
short_basal_slits
description
Anther where dehiscence of longitudinal slits is incomplete and only occurs over a short extent at the base of the theca.
has broader
Anther dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_dehiscence_short_basal_slits

short_central_slits

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_dehiscence_short_central_slits
preferred label
short_central_slits
description
Anther where dehiscence of longitudinal slits is incomplete and only occurs over a short extent at the center of the theca.
has broader
Anther dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_dehiscence_short_central_slits

short_apical_slits

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_dehiscence_short_apical_slits
preferred label
short_apical_slits
description
Anther where dehiscence of longitudinal slits is incomplete and only occurs over a short extent at the apical end of the theca.
has broader
Anther dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_dehiscence_short_apical_slits

t_valvate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_dehiscence_t_valvate
preferred label
t_valvate
description
Anther with T-shaped stomium; reduced transverse slit at base.
has broader
Anther dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_dehiscence_t_valvate

common_stomium_confluent_thecae

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_dehiscence_common_stomium_confluent_thecae
preferred label
common_stomium_confluent_thecae
description
The two thecae of a single anther are fused at one end with a single pore through which pollen exits.
has broader
Anther dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_dehiscence_common_stomium_confluent_thecae

circular

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_dehiscence_circular
preferred label
circular
description
Anther with a transverse slit that goes entirely around the anther.
has broader
Anther dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_dehiscence_circular

Anther orientation

apical

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_orientation_apical
preferred label
apical
description
When thecae are positioned in a transverse position at the tip of the connective and thus dehisce upward in the flower (e.g., Sinofranchetia, Endress and Hufford, 1989).
has broader
Anther orientation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_orientation_apical

extrorse

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_orientation_extrorse
preferred label
extrorse
description
When the stomia of the thecae face the floral periphery.
has broader
Anther orientation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_orientation_extrorse

introrse

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_orientation_introrse
preferred label
introrse
description
When the stomia of the thecae face the floral centre.
has broader
Anther orientation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_orientation_introrse

latrorse

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_anther_orientation_latrorse
preferred label
latrorse
description
When pollen is released toward the side (i.e., toward neighbouring anthers).
has broader
Anther orientation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_anther_orientation_latrorse

Flower colour

blue_purple

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_colour_blue_purple
preferred label
blue_purple
description
Flower colour is blue or purple.
has broader
Flower colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_colour_blue_purple

green

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_colour_green
preferred label
green
description
Flower colour is green.
has broader
Flower colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_colour_green

pink

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_colour_pink
preferred label
pink
description
Flower colour is pink.
has broader
Flower colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_colour_pink

red_brown

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_colour_red_brown
preferred label
red_brown
description
Flower colour is red or brown.
has broader
Flower colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_colour_red_brown

white_cream

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_colour_white_cream
preferred label
white_cream
description
Flower colour is white or cream.
has broader
Flower colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_colour_white_cream

yellow_orange

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_colour_yellow_orange
preferred label
yellow_orange
description
Flower colour is yellow or orange.
has broader
Flower colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_colour_yellow_orange

grey

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_colour_grey
preferred label
grey
description
Flower colour is grey.
has broader
Flower colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_colour_grey

black

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_colour_black
preferred label
black
description
Flower colour is black.
has broader
Flower colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_colour_black

Perianth colour

white

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/perianth_colour_white
preferred label
white
description
Perianth colour is white.
has broader
Perianth colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
perianth_colour_white

yellow

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/perianth_colour_yellow
preferred label
yellow
description
Perianth colour is yellow.
has broader
Perianth colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
perianth_colour_yellow

orange

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/perianth_colour_orange
preferred label
orange
description
Perianth colour is orange.
has broader
Perianth colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
perianth_colour_orange

red

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/perianth_colour_red
preferred label
red
description
Perianth colour is red.
has broader
Perianth colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
perianth_colour_red

pink

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/perianth_colour_pink
preferred label
pink
description
Perianth colour is pink.
has broader
Perianth colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
perianth_colour_pink

purple

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/perianth_colour_purple
preferred label
purple
description
Perianth colour is purple.
has broader
Perianth colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
perianth_colour_purple

blue

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/perianth_colour_blue
preferred label
blue
description
Perianth colour is blue.
has broader
Perianth colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
perianth_colour_blue

green

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/perianth_colour_green
preferred label
green
description
Perianth colour is green.
has broader
Perianth colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
perianth_colour_green

grey

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/perianth_colour_grey
preferred label
grey
description
Perianth colour is grey.
has broader
Perianth colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
perianth_colour_grey

brown

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/perianth_colour_brown
preferred label
brown
description
Perianth colour is brown.
has broader
Perianth colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
perianth_colour_brown

black

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/perianth_colour_black
preferred label
black
description
Perianth colour is black.
has broader
Perianth colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
perianth_colour_black

Floral orientation

up

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_orientation_up
preferred label
up
description
Flower orientation is vertical, with the floral entrance pointing up.
has broader
Floral orientation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_orientation_up

lateral

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_orientation_lateral
preferred label
lateral
description
Flower orientation is horizontal, with the floral entrance perpendicular to main vertical axis.
has broader
Floral orientation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_orientation_lateral

down

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_orientation_down
preferred label
down
description
Flower orientation is pendant, with the floral entrance pointing down.
has broader
Floral orientation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_orientation_down

mixed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_orientation_mixed
preferred label
mixed
description
Flower orientation is mixed, with different flowers exhibiting different orientations.
has broader
Floral orientation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_orientation_mixed

Filament presence and shape

absent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_filament_absent
preferred label
absent
description
No filaments present
has broader
Filament presence and shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_filament_absent

present_general

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_filament_present_general
preferred label
present_general
description
Filaments present, with no specific defining characteristics.
has broader
Filament presence and shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_filament_present_general

long_and_narrow

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_filament_long_and_narrow
preferred label
long_and_narrow
description
Filaments have a long and narrow shape. (Synonyms, filiform, slender)
has broader
Filament presence and shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_filament_long_and_narrow

short_and_narrow

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_filament_short_and_narrow
preferred label
short_and_narrow
description
Filaments have a short and narrow shape; subsessile anthers.
has broader
Filament presence and shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_filament_short_and_narrow

long_and_wide

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_filament_long_and_wide
preferred label
long_and_wide
description
Filaments have a long and wide laminar shape.
has broader
Filament presence and shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_filament_long_and_wide

short_and_wide

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_filament_short_and_wide
preferred label
short_and_wide
description
Filaments have a short and wide laminar shape.
has broader
Filament presence and shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_filament_short_and_wide

long_and_very_wide

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_filament_long_and_very_wide
preferred label
long_and_very_wide
description
Filaments have a long and very wide shape; for instance, the petal-like (outer) stamens of Nymphaea.
has broader
Filament presence and shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_filament_long_and_very_wide

petaloid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_filament_petaloid
preferred label
petaloid
description
Filaments are long and wide and colorful, e.g. Canna.
has broader
Filament presence and shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_filament_petaloid

fused_into_synandrium

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_filament_fused_into_synandrium
preferred label
fused_into_synandrium
description
Filament structure formed when stamens fused together.
has broader
Filament presence and shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_filament_fused_into_synandrium

fused_into_fascicle_stalks

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_filament_fused_into_fascicle_stalks
preferred label
fused_into_fascicle_stalks
description
Special case where the stamens are fused into the stalk of a fascicle of flowers.
has broader
Filament presence and shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_filament_fused_into_fascicle_stalks

long_and_narrow_divided_in_two

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_filament_long_and_narrow_divided_in_two
preferred label
long_and_narrow_divided_in_two
description
Filaments have a long and narrow shape that is divided in two; e.g. Adoxa.
has broader
Filament presence and shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_filament_long_and_narrow_divided_in_two

short_general

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_filament_short_general
preferred label
short_general
description
Filament is short relative to the anther.
has broader
Filament presence and shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_filament_short_general

Gynoecium phyllotaxis

one_whorl

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_gynoecium_phyllotaxis_one_whorl
preferred label
one_whorl
description
Flowers with a single whorl of carpels.
has broader
Gynoecium phyllotaxis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_gynoecium_phyllotaxis_one_whorl

two_or_more_whorls

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_gynoecium_phyllotaxis_two_or_more_whorls
preferred label
two_or_more_whorls
description
Flowers with two or more whorls of carpels.
has broader
Gynoecium phyllotaxis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_gynoecium_phyllotaxis_two_or_more_whorls

spiral

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_gynoecium_phyllotaxis_spiral
preferred label
spiral
description
Flowers with carpels in a spiral arrangement.
has broader
Gynoecium phyllotaxis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_gynoecium_phyllotaxis_spiral

Placentation

axile

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_gynoecium_placentation_axile
preferred label
axile
description
Ovules are placed in the angle between carpel flanks in the center of the ovary; in syncarpous gynoecia.
has broader
Placentation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_gynoecium_placentation_axile

apical

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_gynoecium_placentation_apical
preferred label
apical
description
Ovules attach at the top of the ovary; pendulous; in syncarpous gynoecia and apocarpous and unicarpellate gynoecia.
has broader
Placentation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_gynoecium_placentation_apical

basal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_gynoecium_placentation_basal
preferred label
basal
description
Ovules attach at the base of the ovary; in syncarpous gynoecia and apocarpous and unicarpellate gynoecia.
has broader
Placentation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_gynoecium_placentation_basal

parietal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_gynoecium_placentation_parietal
preferred label
parietal
description
Ovules attach to the ovary wall where two carpels meet; in syncarpous gynoecia.
has broader
Placentation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_gynoecium_placentation_parietal

marginal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_gynoecium_placentation_marginal
preferred label
marginal
description
Ovules attach along the ventral slit; in apocarpous and unicarpellate gynoecia.
has broader
Placentation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_gynoecium_placentation_marginal

free_central

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_gynoecium_placentation_free_central
preferred label
free_central
description
Ovules are attached to a central column that emerges from the base of the ovary and protrudes into the non-septate ovary; in syncarpous gynoecia.
has broader
Placentation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_gynoecium_placentation_free_central

laminar

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_gynoecium_placentation_laminar
preferred label
laminar
description
When there is more than one series of ovules at the flanks of a carpel; in syncarpous gynoecia and apocarpous and unicarpellate gynoecia.
has broader
Placentation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_gynoecium_placentation_laminar

Ovary position

inferior

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_ovary_position_inferior
preferred label
inferior
description
Flower with inferior ovary, where the ovary is embedded in the receptacle and therefore located below the insertion level of the remaining floral organs.
has broader
Ovary position
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_ovary_position_inferior

superior

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_ovary_position_superior
preferred label
superior
description
Flower with superior ovary, where the ovary is positioned above the insertion level of the remaining floral organs.
has broader
Ovary position
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_ovary_position_superior

half_inferior

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_ovary_position_half_inferior
preferred label
half_inferior
description
Flower where the receptacle is surrounded by the ovary to its mid-level.
has broader
Ovary position
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_ovary_position_half_inferior

one_quarter_inferior

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_ovary_position_one_quarter_inferior
preferred label
one_quarter_inferior
description
Flower where the receptacle surrounds up to one quarter of the ovary.
has broader
Ovary position
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_ovary_position_one_quarter_inferior

three_quarters_inferior

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_ovary_position_three_quarters_inferior
preferred label
three_quarters_inferior
description
Flower where the receptacle surrounds more than three quarters of the ovary.
has broader
Ovary position
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_ovary_position_three_quarters_inferior

Perianth differentiation

undifferentiated

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_differentiation_undifferentiated
preferred label
undifferentiated
description
Flower were all tepals are alike, including flowers with a single, undifferentiated whorl.
has broader
Perianth differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_differentiation_undifferentiated

marked_differentiation_outer_sepaloid_inner_petaloid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_differentiation_marked_differentiation_outer_sepaloid_inner_petaloid
preferred label
marked_differentiation_outer_sepaloid_inner_petaloid
description
A typical flower with a distinct calyx and corolla.
has broader
Perianth differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_differentiation_marked_differentiation_outer_sepaloid_inner_petaloid

marked_differentiation_among_petaloid_tepals

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_differentiation_marked_differentiation_among_petaloid_tepals
preferred label
marked_differentiation_among_petaloid_tepals
description
A flower with tepals that all resemble petals, but with marked differentiation between whorls of tepals.
has broader
Perianth differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_differentiation_marked_differentiation_among_petaloid_tepals

marked_differentiation_among_sepaloid_tepals

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_differentiation_marked_differentiation_among_sepaloid_tepals
preferred label
marked_differentiation_among_sepaloid_tepals
description
A flower with tepals that all resemble sepals, but with marked differentiation between whorls of tepals.
has broader
Perianth differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_differentiation_marked_differentiation_among_sepaloid_tepals

marked_differentiation

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_differentiation_marked_differentiation
preferred label
marked_differentiation
description
A flower with marked differentiation between whorls, but without an indication if the perianth whorls are petals, sepals, or tepals.
has broader
Perianth differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_differentiation_marked_differentiation

continuous_differentiation_outer_sepaloid_inner_petaloid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_differentiation_continuous_differentiation_outer_sepaloid_inner_petaloid
preferred label
continuous_differentiation_outer_sepaloid_inner_petaloid
description
A flower with multiple whorls, where there is continuous differentiation between the outer sepaloid parts and the inner petaloid parts.
has broader
Perianth differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_differentiation_continuous_differentiation_outer_sepaloid_inner_petaloid

continuous_differentiation_among_petaloid_tepals

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_differentiation_continuous_differentiation_among_petaloid_tepals
preferred label
continuous_differentiation_among_petaloid_tepals
description
A flower with series of tepals that all resemble petals, which display continuous, gradual differentiation between whorls.
has broader
Perianth differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_differentiation_continuous_differentiation_among_petaloid_tepals

continuous_differentiation_among_sepaloid_tepals

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_differentiation_continuous_differentiation_among_sepaloid_tepals
preferred label
continuous_differentiation_among_sepaloid_tepals
description
A flower with series of tepals that all resemble sepals, which display continuous, gradual differentiation between whorls.
has broader
Perianth differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_differentiation_continuous_differentiation_among_sepaloid_tepals

weak_differentiation

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_differentiation_weak_differentiation
preferred label
weak_differentiation
description
A flower with weak between whorls, but without an indication if the perianth whorls are petals, sepals, or tepals.
has broader
Perianth differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_differentiation_weak_differentiation

very_weak_differentiation

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_differentiation_very_weak_differentiation
preferred label
very_weak_differentiation
description
A flower with very weak between whorls, but without an indication if the perianth whorls are petals, sepals, or tepals.
has broader
Perianth differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_differentiation_very_weak_differentiation

Perianth phyllotaxis

irregular

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_phyllotaxis_irregular
preferred label
irregular
description
Perianth parts lacking any symmetrical organisation.
has broader
Perianth phyllotaxis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_phyllotaxis_irregular

spiral

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_phyllotaxis_spiral
preferred label
spiral
description
Perianth parts organised along a continuous spiral, usually with wide divergence angles more or less equal to 137.5 degrees, the Fibonacci ‘golden angle’.
has broader
Perianth phyllotaxis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_phyllotaxis_spiral

whorled

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_phyllotaxis_whorled
preferred label
whorled
description
Perianth parts organised in one or more whorls.
has broader
Perianth phyllotaxis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_phyllotaxis_whorled

Symmetry of perianth

actinomorphic_general

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_symmetry_actinomorphic_general
preferred label
actinomorphic_general
description
Perianth displaying radial symmetry.
has broader
Symmetry of perianth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_symmetry_actinomorphic_general

actinomorphic_rotational

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_symmetry_actinomorphic_rotational
preferred label
actinomorphic_rotational
description
Perianth that can be equally divided into three or more identical sections that, when rotated around the center of the flower by some number of degrees, exactly match each other in orientation and shape.
has broader
Symmetry of perianth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_symmetry_actinomorphic_rotational

actinomorphic_strictly_polysymmetric

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_symmetry_actinomorphic_strictly_polysymmetric
preferred label
actinomorphic_strictly_polysymmetric
description
Polysymmetry, with three or more planes of bilateral symmetry.
has broader
Symmetry of perianth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_symmetry_actinomorphic_strictly_polysymmetric

actinomorphic_spiral

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_symmetry_actinomorphic_spiral
preferred label
actinomorphic_spiral
description
Perianth lacking a distinct plane of symmetry because their perianth parts are spirally arranged.
has broader
Symmetry of perianth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_symmetry_actinomorphic_spiral

asymmetric

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_symmetry_asymmetric
preferred label
asymmetric
description
Perianth lacking any planes of symmetry.
has broader
Symmetry of perianth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_symmetry_asymmetric

disymmetric

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_symmetry_disymmetric
preferred label
disymmetric
description
Perianth with two orthogonal planes of bilateral symmetry.
has broader
Symmetry of perianth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_symmetry_disymmetric

zygomorphic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_perianth_symmetry_zygomorphic
preferred label
zygomorphic
description
Monosymmetric, with a single plane of bilateral symmetry.
has broader
Symmetry of perianth
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_perianth_symmetry_zygomorphic

Pollen grain aperture shape

absent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_pollen_aperture_shape_absent
preferred label
absent
description
Pollen that lacks an aperture.
has broader
Pollen grain aperture shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_absent

colporus

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_pollen_aperture_shape_colporus
preferred label
colporus
description
Pollen aperture shape that combines the groove of colpate and the pore of porate apertures.
has broader
Pollen grain aperture shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_colporus

colpus

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_pollen_aperture_shape_colpus
preferred label
colpus
description
Pollen aperture shape is elongate and grooved and may be positioned globally or equatorially.
has broader
Pollen grain aperture shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_colpus

pore

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_pollen_aperture_shape_pore
preferred label
pore
description
Pollen aperture shape is round and pore-like and may be positioned globally or equatorially.
has broader
Pollen grain aperture shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_pore

ring_like

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_pollen_aperture_shape_ring_like
preferred label
ring_like
description
Aperture that completely encircles the pollen.
has broader
Pollen grain aperture shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_ring_like

spiraperturate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_pollen_aperture_shape_spiraperturate
preferred label
spiraperturate
description
Pollen grain with one or more spiral apertures.
has broader
Pollen grain aperture shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_spiraperturate

sulcus

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_pollen_aperture_shape_sulcus
preferred label
sulcus
description
Pollen aperture shape is elongate and grooved and positioned at the pole.
has broader
Pollen grain aperture shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_sulcus

syncolpus

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_pollen_aperture_shape_syncolpus
preferred label
syncolpus
description
Pollen grain with two or more simple (or compound) colpi, the ends of which join at the pole.
has broader
Pollen grain aperture shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_syncolpus

ulcus

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_pollen_aperture_shape_ulcus
preferred label
ulcus
description
Pollen aperture shape is round and pore-like and positioned at the pole.
has broader
Pollen grain aperture shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_pollen_aperture_shape_ulcus

Floral structural sex

bisexual

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_structural_sex_type_bisexual
preferred label
bisexual
description
Hermaphrodite; flowers with both male and female reproductive organs.
has broader
Floral structural sex
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_structural_sex_type_bisexual

incompletely_unisexual

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_structural_sex_type_incompletely_unisexual
preferred label
incompletely_unisexual
description
Male flowers with pistillodes and/or female flowers with staminodes.
has broader
Floral structural sex
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_structural_sex_type_incompletely_unisexual

unisexual

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_structural_sex_type_unisexual
preferred label
unisexual
description
Flowers with either male or female reproductive organs.
has broader
Floral structural sex
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_structural_sex_type_unisexual

Style differentiation

absent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_style_differentiation_absent
preferred label
absent
description
Stigma sessile.
has broader
Style differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_style_differentiation_absent

present_length_and_shape_unknown

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_style_differentiation_present_length_and_shape_unknown
preferred label
present_length_and_shape_unknown
description
Style present but shape unknown.
has broader
Style differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_style_differentiation_present_length_and_shape_unknown

present_short_and_thick

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_style_differentiation_present_short_and_thick
preferred label
present_short_and_thick
description
Style present, and short and thick.
has broader
Style differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_style_differentiation_present_short_and_thick

present_short_and_narrow

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_style_differentiation_present_short_and_narrow
preferred label
present_short_and_narrow
description
Style present, and short and narrow, including short filiform styles.
has broader
Style differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_style_differentiation_present_short_and_narrow

present_long_and_wide

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_style_differentiation_present_long_and_wide
preferred label
present_long_and_wide
description
Style present, and long and wide.
has broader
Style differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_style_differentiation_present_long_and_wide

present_long_and_narrow

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_style_differentiation_present_long_and_narrow
preferred label
present_long_and_narrow
description
Style present, and long and narrow, including long filiform styles.
has broader
Style differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_style_differentiation_present_long_and_narrow

present_petaloid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_style_differentiation_present_petaloid
preferred label
present_petaloid
description
Style present and petaloid.
has broader
Style differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_style_differentiation_present_petaloid

continuous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flower_style_differentiation_continuous
preferred label
continuous
description
When the style is an apical extension of carpel with decurrent stigma.
has broader
Style differentiation
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flower_style_differentiation_continuous

Fruit type

achene

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_achene
preferred label
achene
description
A simple, dry, indehiscent fruit with a single seed that is attached to the pericarp at one point only. (Synonyms, cypsela)
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_achene

anthocarp

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_anthocarp
preferred label
anthocarp
description
A ripened ovary surrounded by attached accessory floral tissues; the floral tissues may be fleshy or dry. (Synonyms, accessory_fruit, pseudocarp, diclesium)
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_anthocarp

berry

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_berry
preferred label
berry
description
A simple, indehiscent fruit with one to many seeds embedded in a fleshy pericarp.
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_berry

capsule

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_capsule
preferred label
capsule
description
A dry, dehiscent fruit composed of two or more united carpels; different types of capsules distinguished by type of dehiscence (e.g. valves, slits, pores).
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_capsule

caryopsis

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_caryopsis
preferred label
caryopsis
description
A simple, dry, indehiscent fruit with a single seed which is fused to the pericarp at one point only; the fruit type of all Poaceae (Synonyms, grain)
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_caryopsis

compound_fruit_other

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_compound_fruit_other
preferred label
compound_fruit_other
description
A fruit derived from more than one flower. (Synonyms, aggregate_fruit)
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_compound_fruit_other

drupe

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_drupe
preferred label
drupe
description
A simple indehiscent fruit with a hard, stony endocarp and a fleshy mesocarp.
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_drupe

follicle

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_follicle
preferred label
follicle
description
A dry, dehiscent fruit derived from a single carpel that splits along one suture.
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_follicle

legume

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_legume
preferred label
legume
description
A dry, dehiscent fruit derived from a single carpel that splits along two sutures; applies to Fabaceae. (Synonyms, pod)
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_legume

legume_indehiscent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_legume_indehiscent
preferred label
legume_indehiscent
description
A dry, indehiscent fruit derived from a single carpel; applies to Fabaceae.
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_legume_indehiscent

mericarp

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_mericarp
preferred label
mericarp
description
A fruitlet (seed-containing portion of a fruit) that is a half-carpel; the individual fruitlets separate from one another at maturity; a specific type of schizocarp. (In some datasets, term likely refers to any fruitlet derived from a portion of a schizocarp that separates at maturity, not explicitly just a half-carpel.)
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_mericarp

multiple_fruit

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_multiple_fruit
preferred label
multiple_fruit
description
A fruit composed of several fruitlets developing from a single flower (e.g. raspberries, magnolias); fruits developing from more than one flower are included under compound (aggregate) fruits. (Synonym, apocarp)
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_multiple_fruit

nut

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_nut
preferred label
nut
description
A simple, dry, indehiscent fruit with a single seed and a hard pericarp.
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_nut

nutlet

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_nutlet
preferred label
nutlet
description
A diminutive of nut, referring to a simple, dry, indehiscent structure with a single seed that might be an entire fruit (nut; monocarp) or a portion of a fruit, such as the individual components derived from an apocarp (fruit with multiple unfused ovaries) or schizocarp (fruit with multiple ovaries that separate at maturity).
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_nutlet

pepo

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_pepo
preferred label
pepo
description
A fleshy fruit derived from a single ovary that is divided into several carpels, has multiple seeds, and has a tough rind when mature.
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_pepo

pome

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_pome
preferred label
pome
description
A fleshy fruit with the bulk of the fleshy tissue derived from flora tissue that surrounds the inferior ovary.
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_pome

pyrene

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_pyrene
preferred label
pyrene
description
A fleshy fruit in which the seed(s) are covered by a hard layer of endocarp.
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_pyrene

samara

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_samara
preferred label
samara
description
A winged, dry fruit.
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_samara

schizocarp

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_schizocarp
preferred label
schizocarp
description
Category that includes all fruits derived from a compound pistil that separate into individual carpellary constituents at maturity; broad terms that includes dry and fleshy fruits, some with accessory tissues, others without. The individual seed-containing units that a schizocarp breaks apart into include mericarps, nutlets, and fruitlets.
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_schizocarp

silique

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_silique
preferred label
silique
description
A type of capsule (dry, dehiscent fruit) where the fruit is divided into two parts by a thin partition; more than three times as long as wide; applies to Brassicaceae (Synonyms, silicle, siliqua)
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_silique

strobilus

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_strobilus
preferred label
strobilus
description
A modified reproductive shoot system found in many nonflowering plants, especially gymnosperms, comprised of overlapping bracts (scales). (Synonyms, cone)
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_strobilus

syncarp

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_syncarp
preferred label
syncarp
description
A compound fruit produced by the adhesion of the fruits from several flowers.
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_syncarp

syconium

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_syconium
preferred label
syconium
description
A fleshy compound fruit, in which the fruitlets are enclosed in accessory material, such as the hollow-centered fruits of Moraceae. (Synonyms, synconium, fig)
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_syconium

utricle

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_type_utricle
preferred label
utricle
description
A bladdery or inflated dry fruit with a single seed; essential an achene in which the pericarp is significantly larger than the mature seed.
has broader
Fruit type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_type_utricle

Fruit fleshiness

dry

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_fleshiness_dry
preferred label
dry
description
Fruits are dry when mature and fresh.
has broader
Fruit fleshiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_fleshiness_dry

fleshy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_fleshiness_fleshy
preferred label
fleshy
description
Fruits are fleshy when mature and fresh.
has broader
Fruit fleshiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_fleshiness_fleshy

Fruit dehiscence

dehiscent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_dehiscence_dehiscent
preferred label
dehiscent
description
Fruits are dehiscent when mature.
has broader
Fruit dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_dehiscence_dehiscent

indehiscent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_dehiscence_indehiscent
preferred label
indehiscent
description
Fruits are indehiscent when mature.
has broader
Fruit dehiscence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_dehiscence_indehiscent

Fruit colour

pink

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_colour_pink
preferred label
pink
description
Fruit’s exocarp is pink.
has broader
Fruit colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_colour_pink

red

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_colour_red
preferred label
red
description
Fruit’s exocarp is red.
has broader
Fruit colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_colour_red

orange

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_colour_orange
preferred label
orange
description
Fruit’s exocarp is orange.
has broader
Fruit colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_colour_orange

yellow

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_colour_yellow
preferred label
yellow
description
Fruit’s exocarp is yellow.
has broader
Fruit colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_colour_yellow

green

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_colour_green
preferred label
green
description
Fruit’s exocarp is green.
has broader
Fruit colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_colour_green

blue

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_colour_blue
preferred label
blue
description
Fruit’s exocarp is blue.
has broader
Fruit colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_colour_blue

purple

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_colour_purple
preferred label
purple
description
Fruit’s exocarp is purple.
has broader
Fruit colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_colour_purple

white

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_colour_white
preferred label
white
description
Fruit’s exocarp is white.
has broader
Fruit colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_colour_white

cream

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_colour_cream
preferred label
cream
description
Fruit’s exocarp is cream.
has broader
Fruit colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_colour_cream

brown

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_colour_brown
preferred label
brown
description
Fruit’s exocarp is brown.
has broader
Fruit colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_colour_brown

black

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_colour_black
preferred label
black
description
Fruit’s exocarp is black.
has broader
Fruit colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_colour_black

grey

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_colour_grey
preferred label
grey
description
Fruit’s exocarp is grey.
has broader
Fruit colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_colour_grey

Fruit surface hairiness

glabrous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_surface_hairs_glabrous
preferred label
glabrous
description
Mature fruit do not have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
Fruit surface hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_surface_hairs_glabrous

hairy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fruit_surface_hairs_hairy
preferred label
hairy
description
Mature fruit have hairs (trichomes).
has broader
Fruit surface hairiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fruit_surface_hairs_hairy

Seed shape

comma-shaped

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_comma-shaped
preferred label
comma-shaped
description
A seed displaying a single arc of curvature, such that it bilaterally symmetrical. (Synonyms, comma-shaped, falcate, sickle-shaped scimitar-shaped)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_comma-shaped

conical

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_conical
preferred label
conical
description
Cone-shaped, with a broad flat base and narrow apex; turbinate refers to the inverse shape. (Synonyms, obconical, cone-shaped, turbinate, top-shaped)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_conical

cuneate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_cuneate
preferred label
cuneate
description
A 3-dimensional shape that is wedge-shaped or boat-shaped.
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_cuneate

cylindrical

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_cylindrical
preferred label
cylindrical
description
A cylinder, a shape with a flat top and bottom that are circular or elliptical in outline and are linked by a curved surface. (Synonyms, terete)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_cylindrical

discoid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_discoid
preferred label
discoid
description
A subset of cylinder, a shape with a flat, circular or elliptical top and bottom, linked by a curved surface, where the length of the curved surface is much shorter than the cross-section of the flat surfaces. (Synonyms, flat)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_discoid

ellipsoid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_ellipsoid
preferred label
ellipsoid
description
A 3-dimensional shape that is elliptic in long section and circular in cross section; length:width ratio between 2:1 and 3:2. (Synonyms, obloid, oblong)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_ellipsoid

ellipsoid_flattened

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_ellipsoid_flattened
preferred label
ellipsoid_flattened
description
A 3-dimensional shape that is elliptic in long section and and laterally compressed/flattened such that it is non-circular in cross section; length:width ratio between 2:1 and 3:2.
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_ellipsoid_flattened

fusiform

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_fusiform
preferred label
fusiform
description
Spindle-shaped; A 3-dimension shape that is narrowly ellipsoid, circular in cross-section and tapering sharply toward both ends. (Synonyms, spindle-shaped)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_fusiform

globoid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_globoid
preferred label
globoid
description
A 3-dimensional shape that is circular in both long section and cross section. (Synonyms, globose, globular, spherical)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_globoid

globoid_flattened

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_globoid_flattened
preferred label
globoid_flattened
description
A 3-dimensional shape that is circular in both long section and somewhat flattened such that it is non-circular in cross section.
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_globoid_flattened

hemispheric

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_hemispheric
preferred label
hemispheric
description
Half a sphere or globe, with a flat base, domed top, and circular in cross-section. (Synonyms, convex)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_hemispheric

hemispheric_flattened

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_hemispheric_flattened
preferred label
hemispheric_flattened
description
A 3-dimensional shape that is a laterally compressed/flattened half-sphere or globe; shape has a flat base, a domed top, and is elliptical in cross-section.
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_hemispheric_flattened

lenticular

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_lenticular
preferred label
lenticular
description
Shaped like a biconvex lens and circular in cross section; shaped like a lentil.
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_lenticular

orbicular

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_orbicular
preferred label
orbicular
description
A poorly defined term that remains in AusTraits only as a placeholder; it appears to be used as both globoid (spherical) and lenticular by different authors.
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_orbicular

ovoid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_ovoid
preferred label
ovoid
description
A 3-dimensional shape that is egg-shaped in long section and circular in cross section. Term as used in AusTraits includes variants on egg-shaped including pyriform (pear-shaped) and obovoid (inversely egg-shaped) (Synonyms, pyriform, obovoid)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_ovoid

ovoid_elongated

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_ovoid_elongated
preferred label
ovoid_elongated
description
A 3-dimensional shape that is egg-shaped in long section and circular in cross section, where the length dimension is much longer than the width/height dimensions. Term as used in AusTraits includes specific shapes club-shaped (clavate/obclavate) and tear-shaped (lachrimiform). (Synonyms, lachrimiform, tear-shaped, lachrymiform, clavate; obclavate, club-shaped)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_ovoid_elongated

ovoid_flattened

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_ovoid_flattened
preferred label
ovoid_flattened
description
A 3-dimensional shape that is egg-shaped in long section and laterally compressed/flattened such that is non-circular in cross section.
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_ovoid_flattened

polyhedral

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_polyhedral
preferred label
polyhedral
description
A 3-dimensional shape with distinct, fairly flat faces and edges; includes prisms and tetrahedral shaped seeds. (Synonyms, rhomboid, prismatic, pyramidal, rectangular, square)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_polyhedral

polyhedral_elongated

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_polyhedral_elongated
preferred label
polyhedral_elongated
description
A 3-dimensional shape with distinct, fairly flat faces and edges, where the length dimension is much longer than the width/height dimensions; includes elongate prisms and elongate tetrahedral shaped seeds.
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_polyhedral_elongated

polyhedral_inflated

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_polyhedral_inflated
preferred label
polyhedral_inflated
description
A 3-dimensional shape with distinct faces and edges but the faces tend to bulge outwards.
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_polyhedral_inflated

reniform

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_reniform
preferred label
reniform
description
Having a cross-section that is roughly circular with a notch; strictly a kidney-shape but the definition applied here includes heart-shaped seeds and other seeds with a distinct notch. (Synonyms, cordiform, kidney-shaped, heart-shaped)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_reniform

winged

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_winged
preferred label
winged
description
A seed with wings. (Synonyms, samara)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_winged

sectoroid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_sectoroid
preferred label
sectoroid
description
Shaped like an orange segment or wedge of a sphere. (Synonyms, wedge-shaped)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_sectoroid

sinusoidal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_shape_sinusoidal
preferred label
sinusoidal
description
A seed with two arcs of curvature or a single arc, such that it lacks an axis of symmetry. (Synonyms, sigmoidal)
has broader
Seed shape
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_shape_sinusoidal

Seed surface hairs

glabrous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_hairs_glabrous
preferred label
glabrous
description
Seed surface lacks trichomes or bristles.
has broader
Seed surface hairs
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_hairs_glabrous

hairs

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_hairs_hairs
preferred label
hairs
description
Seed surface with trichomes or bristles.
has broader
Seed surface hairs
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_hairs_hairs

hairs_branched

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_hairs_hairs_branched
preferred label
hairs_branched
description
Seed surface with branched trichomes or bristles.(Synonyms, stellate, plumose)
has broader
Seed surface hairs
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_hairs_hairs_branched

hairs_simple

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_hairs_hairs_simple
preferred label
hairs_simple
description
Seed surface with simple trichomes or bristles. (Synonyms, tomentose, velutinous, velvety, sericeous)
has broader
Seed surface hairs
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_hairs_hairs_simple

Seed surface texture

bumpy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_texture_bumpy
preferred label
bumpy
description
Seed surface covered with minute, rounded protuberances. (Synonyms, colliculate, verrucate, papillate, tuberculate, undulate)
has broader
Seed surface texture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_texture_bumpy

grooved

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_texture_grooved
preferred label
grooved
description
Seed surface covered with grooves.
has broader
Seed surface texture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_texture_grooved

netted

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_texture_netted
preferred label
netted
description
Seed surface covered with raised, reticulate, interconnected ridges. (Synonyms, reticulate, honey-combed)
has broader
Seed surface texture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_texture_netted

papery

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_texture_papery
preferred label
papery
description
Seed surface with a thin and papery texture. (Synonyms, chartaceous)
has broader
Seed surface texture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_texture_papery

pitted

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_texture_pitted
preferred label
pitted
description
Seed surface pitted. (Synonyms, foveolate, foveate, dimpled, punctate, lacunose)
has broader
Seed surface texture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_texture_pitted

ribbed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_texture_ribbed
preferred label
ribbed
description
Seed surface with longitudinal raised ribs or ridges. (Synonyms, costate, carinate, lineate, fluted, striate, strigose, lineolate, scalariform, ridged)
has broader
Seed surface texture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_texture_ribbed

rough

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_texture_rough
preferred label
rough
description
Seed surface rough with no organisation of markings, resembling sandpaper. (Synonyms, scabrous)
has broader
Seed surface texture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_texture_rough

scaly

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_texture_scaly
preferred label
scaly
description
Seed surface rough with loose scales differing in direction or not parallel in direction. (Synonyms, scurfy, squarrose)
has broader
Seed surface texture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_texture_scaly

smooth

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_texture_smooth
preferred label
smooth
description
Seed surface smooth, lacking texture. (Synonym, glabrous)
has broader
Seed surface texture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_texture_smooth

spiny

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_texture_spiny
preferred label
spiny
description
Seed surface with spines. (Synonyms, echinulate)
has broader
Seed surface texture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_texture_spiny

wrinkled

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_texture_wrinkled
preferred label
wrinkled
description
Seed surface with a wrinkled, rugose texture. (Synonyms, rugose, rugulose, bullate)
has broader
Seed surface texture
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_texture_wrinkled

Seed surface reflectivity

dull

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_reflectivity_dull
preferred label
dull
description
Seed surface appears dull, indicating it has a low reflectivity.
has broader
Seed surface reflectivity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_reflectivity_dull

shiny

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_surface_reflectivity_shiny
preferred label
shiny
description
Seed surface appears shiny or glossy, indicating it has a high reflectivity. (Synonyms, glossy, lustrous, polished)
has broader
Seed surface reflectivity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_surface_reflectivity_shiny

Diaspore fleshiness

dry

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/diaspore_fleshiness_dry
preferred label
dry
description
Diaspores where the true fruit, accessory tissues and dispersal appendages are all dry when mature.
has broader
Diaspore fleshiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
diaspore_fleshiness_dry

fleshy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/diaspore_fleshiness_fleshy
preferred label
fleshy
description
Diaspores where either the true fruit, accessory tissues or dispersal appendages are fleshy when mature.
has broader
Diaspore fleshiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
diaspore_fleshiness_fleshy

Dispersal appendage

aril

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_aril
preferred label
aril
description
Fleshy outgrowth of a seed, that often attracts animals like birds or ants.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_aril

bristles

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_bristles
preferred label
bristles
description
Bristle-like projections. Trait value includes awns, which are slender, bristle-like projections in some grasses.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_bristles

bracts_and_glumes

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_bracts_and_glumes
preferred label
bracts_and_glumes
description
When the bracts below the inflorescence are persistent and functional as dispersal appendages. This includes persistent glumes, the modified membranous bracts in the family Poaceae that surround the spikelet of a grass.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_bracts_and_glumes

elaiosome

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_elaiosome
preferred label
elaiosome
description
Fleshy (often fatty) appendage on seeds that attracts ants.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_elaiosome

fleshy_reward

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_fleshy_reward
preferred label
fleshy_reward
description
Broad term that includes a suite of appendages that provides a fleshy reward to attract dispersers; highest level of resolution available for some studies.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_fleshy_reward

floating_seed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_floating_seed
preferred label
floating_seed
description
Seed that is dispersed by floating on water.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_floating_seed

flotation_scales

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_flotation_scales
preferred label
flotation_scales
description
Scales enhancing flotation, thereby assisting with dispersal.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_flotation_scales

floral_parts

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_floral_parts
preferred label
floral_parts
description
When some plant floral parts (the petals, sepals, or style) are persistent and aid in seed and fruit dispersal. This is a broad term not explicitly suggesting a dispersal mechanism.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_floral_parts

hairs

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_hairs
preferred label
hairs
description
Modified hairs that aid in seed dispersal.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_hairs

hooks

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_hooks
preferred label
hooks
description
A rear-facing point, as in a fish hook that aids in seed and fruit dispersal.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_hooks

inflated_parts

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_inflated_parts
preferred label
inflated_parts
description
When some part of the seed, fruit, or associated tissues is inflated, aiding in seed or fruit dispersal.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_inflated_parts

none

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_none
preferred label
none
description
When a fruit and associated tissues lack any dispersal appendages. Includes exarillate and taxa with explicitly deciduous pappus.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_none

pappus

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_pappus
preferred label
pappus
description
The calyx in Asteraceae that has been modified into bristles, hairs, scales or awns that are attached to the apex of the fruit. Taxa assigned this trait value have a persistent pappus that aids in dispersal, often, but not exclusively through wind dispersal. The pappus can also assist with flotation.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_pappus

plumose

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_plumose
preferred label
plumose
description
Fruit, seed, style, or other floral component that is plumose and assists with dispersal.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_plumose

receptacle

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_receptacle
preferred label
receptacle
description
Fleshy receptacle that aids in dispersal.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_receptacle

sarcotesta

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_sarcotesta
preferred label
sarcotesta
description
Fleshy seed coat that aids in dispersal.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_sarcotesta

spines

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_spines
preferred label
spines
description
Spines that aid in dispersal.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_spines

tumbleweed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_tumbleweed
preferred label
tumbleweed
description
Plant growth form, whereby the aboveground plant component detaches from the roots and is readily rolled by wind across the ground, aiding in dispersal.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_tumbleweed

wings

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_wings
preferred label
wings
description
Referring to wing-like seed extensions that aid in wind dispersal.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_wings

wing_or_plume

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_appendage_wing_or_plume
preferred label
wing_or_plume
description
Broad term that includes a suite of appendages that aid in wind dispersal; highest level of resolution available for some studies.
has broader
Dispersal appendage
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_appendage_wing_or_plume

Dispersal unit

fruit

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_unit_fruit
preferred label
fruit
description
Dispersal unit is a fruit.
has broader
Dispersal unit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_unit_fruit

seed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_unit_seed
preferred label
seed
description
Dispersal unit is a seed.
has broader
Dispersal unit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_unit_seed

spore

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_unit_spore
preferred label
spore
description
Dispersal unit is a spore.
has broader
Dispersal unit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_unit_spore

seedling

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_unit_seedling
preferred label
seedling
description
Dispersal unit is a seedling. (Synonyms, viviparous)
has broader
Dispersal unit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_unit_seedling

Seed colour

blue_purple

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_colour_blue_purple
preferred label
blue_purple
description
Seed coat is pink.
has broader
Seed colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_colour_blue_purple

green

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_colour_green
preferred label
green
description
Seed coat is red.
has broader
Seed colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_colour_green

pink

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_colour_pink
preferred label
pink
description
Seed coat is orange.
has broader
Seed colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_colour_pink

red_brown

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_colour_red_brown
preferred label
red_brown
description
Seed coat is yellow.
has broader
Seed colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_colour_red_brown

white_cream

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_colour_white_cream
preferred label
white_cream
description
Seed coat is green.
has broader
Seed colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_colour_white_cream

yellow_orange

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_colour_yellow_orange
preferred label
yellow_orange
description
Seed coat is blue.
has broader
Seed colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_colour_yellow_orange

grey

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_colour_grey
preferred label
grey
description
Seed coat is purple.
has broader
Seed colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_colour_grey

black

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_colour_black
preferred label
black
description
Seed coat is white.
has broader
Seed colour
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_colour_black

Plant photosynthetic pathway

c3

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/photosynthetic_pathway_c3
preferred label
c3
description
Plant using the ‘standard’ photosynthetic pathway, where a 3-carbon compound is produced after the first stage in the photosynthetic pathway.
has broader
Plant photosynthetic pathway
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
photosynthetic_pathway_c3

c4

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/photosynthetic_pathway_c4
preferred label
c4
description
Plants in which the photosynthetic light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle are physically separated to reduce photorespiration.
has broader
Plant photosynthetic pathway
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
photosynthetic_pathway_c4

c3-c4

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/photosynthetic_pathway_c3-c4
preferred label
c3-c4
description
Taxa that shift between C3 and C4 photosynthesis.
has broader
Plant photosynthetic pathway
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
photosynthetic_pathway_c3-c4

cam

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/photosynthetic_pathway_cam
preferred label
cam
description
Plants which display crassulacean acid metabolism.
has broader
Plant photosynthetic pathway
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
photosynthetic_pathway_cam

c3-cam

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/photosynthetic_pathway_c3-cam
preferred label
c3-cam
description
Taxa that shift between C3 and cam photosynthesis.
has broader
Plant photosynthetic pathway
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
photosynthetic_pathway_c3-cam

c4-cam

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/photosynthetic_pathway_c4-cam
preferred label
c4-cam
description
Taxa that shift between C4 and cam photosynthesis.
has broader
Plant photosynthetic pathway
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
photosynthetic_pathway_c4-cam

facultative_cam

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/photosynthetic_pathway_facultative_cam
preferred label
facultative_cam
description
Species that shifts between C3 and CAM photosynthesis depending on water availability.
has broader
Plant photosynthetic pathway
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
photosynthetic_pathway_facultative_cam

unknown

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/photosynthetic_pathway_unknown
preferred label
unknown
description
Photosynthetic pathway is unknown. (This trait value should be used if the photosynthetic pathway is assessed but unknown, not to record a lack of data.)
has broader
Plant photosynthetic pathway
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
photosynthetic_pathway_unknown

Bark photosynthesis

non_photosynthetic_bark

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bark_photosynthetic_status_non_photosynthetic_bark
preferred label
non_photosynthetic_bark
description
Plant’s bark is not photosynthetic.
has broader
Bark photosynthesis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bark_photosynthetic_status_non_photosynthetic_bark

photosynthetic_bark

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bark_photosynthetic_status_photosynthetic_bark
preferred label
photosynthetic_bark
description
Plant’s bark is photosynthetic.
has broader
Bark photosynthesis
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bark_photosynthetic_status_photosynthetic_bark

Plant growth form

herb

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_herb
preferred label
herb
description
A seed-bearing plant which does not have a woody above-ground stem; when available this term has been divided into more detailed terms. (Synonyms, forb)
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_herb

subshrub

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_subshrub
preferred label
subshrub
description
A plant that is only woody at the base, with the remainder of the stems regenerating yearly. This term is not meant to encompass short-lived plants that are only borderline woody. (Synonyms, suffrutescent)
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_subshrub

shrub

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_shrub
preferred label
shrub
description
A woody plant that is distinguished by NOT being a tree, due to one of more of the following characteristics, 1) they are less than 8 metres in height; 2) if a plant community includes trees, the shrubs are shorter than the surrounding trees and not part of the canopy; 3) in comparison to trees, the leaves are more distributed along the entire trunk; 4) the plant has multiple relatively narrow stems arising at or near ground level. The definition of shrub is complex, as there are many single-stemmed shrubs within Australia and many taxa that are described in the taxonomic literature as a shrub or small tree.
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_shrub

mallee

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_mallee
preferred label
mallee
description
Refers to Eucalyptus species which are small trees that form a large lignotuber. They have multiple stems arising at or near ground level and regenerate from the lignotuber following fire.
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_mallee

tree

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_tree
preferred label
tree
description
A tall, woody, perennial plant, usually with a single main trunk, and its leaves predominantly elevated above the ground surface.
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_tree

graminoid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_graminoid
preferred label
graminoid
description
Herbaceous plant with a grass-like morphology that is within the order Poales. Taxa both with and without a tussock form are mapped to this term. This term is most frequently applied to three large monocot families, Poaceae, Cyperaceae, and Juncaceae, but the term could apply to other taxa within Poales with a grass-like morphology, including narrow, linear leaves and non-showy flowers, including Restionaceae, Centrolepidaceae, Anarthriaceae, and Ecdeiocoleaceae. Taxa outside Poales with a grass-like morphology should be designated as herbs and also have the term tufted mapped to the trait stem_growth_habit.
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_graminoid

tussock

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_tussock
preferred label
tussock
description
A subcategory of graminoid, which is a plant where many shoots from the basal meristem form prominent tufts.
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_tussock

graminoid_not_tussock

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_graminoid_not_tussock
preferred label
graminoid_not_tussock
description
A subcategory of graminoid, indicating a plant which explicitly lacks a tussock morphology, with the leaves not growing in tufts.
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_graminoid_not_tussock

hummock

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_hummock
preferred label
hummock
description
Plant that grows as a dense mound up to 1 metre in height. The term generally applies only to species within the genera Triodia that form such mounds and these are considered a distinctive and uniquely Australian growth form.
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_hummock

basal_large

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_basal_large
preferred label
basal_large
description
A plant whose leaves form a distinctly large basal tuft or rosette, including large acaulescent monocots and cycads.
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_basal_large

geophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_geophyte
preferred label
geophyte
description
Subcategory of herb, specifically referring to plants that survive the winter/dry season as an organ (rhizome, bulb, corm, or tuber) buried in dry soil, with all leaves dying back each year.
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_geophyte

palmoid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_palmoid
preferred label
palmoid
description
Plant that bears a rosette-like canopy of typically large, often compound leaves atop a usually thick (pachycaulous), columnar, unbranched or little-branched stem. Palms, tree ferns, trunked cycads, trunked grass-trees, and Pandanus are mapped to this term. (Synonyms, rosette-tree, palm, grass-tree)
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_palmoid

climber

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_climber
preferred label
climber
description
Plant that climbs up another plant’s stem or branches, rather than being able to support itself. Term used only if datasets do not specify if a climbing plant is herbaceous (a vine) or woody (a liana).
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_climber

climber_herbaceous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_climber_herbaceous
preferred label
climber_herbaceous
description
Herbaceous plant that climbs up another plant’s stem or branches, rather than being able to support itself. This is usually synonymous with vine. Types of climbers (scrambling, twining) are captured under the trait plant_climbing_mechanism. (Synonyms, vine)
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_climber_herbaceous

climber_woody

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_climber_woody
preferred label
climber_woody
description
Woody or thick-stemmed (>2 cm) plant that climbs up another plant’s stem or branches, rather than being able to support itself. This is usually synonymous with liana. Woody climbers generally use hooks, tendrils, and/or adventitious roots to climb; the climbing mechanisms used by a taxon are captured under the trait plant_climbing_mechanism. (Synonyms, liana)
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_climber_woody

fern

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_fern
preferred label
fern
description
A taxonomic grouping that includes acaulescent ferns; ferns are vascular plants that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers.
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_fern

lycophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_form_lycophyte
preferred label
lycophyte
description
A taxonomic grouping that includes quillworts, clubmosses, and spike mosses.
has broader
Plant growth form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_form_lycophyte

Life form

phanerophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_form_phanerophyte
preferred label
phanerophyte
description
Plant whose perennating buds are on persistent shoots which rise at least 50 cm above the soil surface. These are normally woody perennials.
has broader
Life form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_form_phanerophyte

chamaephyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_form_chamaephyte
preferred label
chamaephyte
description
Plant whose perennating buds are on persistent shoots that do not extend more than 50 cm above the soil surface. These are normally woody perennials.
has broader
Life form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_form_chamaephyte

hemicryptophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_form_hemicryptophyte
preferred label
hemicryptophyte
description
Plant whose perennating buds are at or near the soil surface.
has broader
Life form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_form_hemicryptophyte

cryptophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_form_cryptophyte
preferred label
cryptophyte
description
Plant whose perennating buds are subterranean or under water. This grouping can be further divided into geophyte, helophyte, and hydrophyte.
has broader
Life form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_form_cryptophyte

geophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_form_geophyte
preferred label
geophyte
description
Plant that perennates as an organ (rhizome, bulb, corm, or tuber) buried in dry soil, with all leaves dying back each year; a subcategory of cryptophyte.
has broader
Life form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_form_geophyte

helophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_form_helophyte
preferred label
helophyte
description
Plant that perennates as an organ (rhizome, bulb, corm, or tuber) buried in marshy or wet soil or lying under water, with buds emerging during the growing season and shoots and leaves rising about the water surface; a subcategory of cryptophyte. (Synonyms, emergent_hydrophyte)
has broader
Life form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_form_helophyte

hydrophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_form_hydrophyte
preferred label
hydrophyte
description
Plant that perennates as buds or as an organ (rhizome, bulb, corm, or tuber) buried in marshy or wet soil or lying under water, with shoots emerging during the growing season that remain below or at the water surface; a subcategory of cryptophyte.
has broader
Life form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_form_hydrophyte

therophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_form_therophyte
preferred label
therophyte
description
Annual plants whose shoot and root systems die completely at the end of flowering and seed production, such that they survive the unfavourable cold or dry season in the form of seeds.
has broader
Life form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_form_therophyte

epiphyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_form_epiphyte
preferred label
epiphyte
description
Plant that grows on the surface of another plant.
has broader
Life form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_form_epiphyte

aerophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_form_aerophyte
preferred label
aerophyte
description
Plant that obtains moisture and nutrients from the air and rain, resting on other plants or the ground surface.
has broader
Life form
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_form_aerophyte

Life history

ephemeral

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_history_ephemeral
preferred label
ephemeral
description
A very short-lived plant, generally with a lifespan of only a few months and the exact length of lifespan quite variable and determined by environmental conditions.
has broader
Life history
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_history_ephemeral

annual

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_history_annual
preferred label
annual
description
A plant that lives for up to one year after germinating, completing its life cycle in a single growing season.
has broader
Life history
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_history_annual

biennial

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_history_biennial
preferred label
biennial
description
A plant that lives for up to two years after germinating, requiring two growing seasons to complete its life cycle and dying following the second growing season.
has broader
Life history
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_history_biennial

perennial

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_history_perennial
preferred label
perennial
description
A plant that lives for three or more growing seasons, with an exact lifespan that is indeterminate.
has broader
Life history
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_history_perennial

short_lived_perennial

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_history_short_lived_perennial
preferred label
short_lived_perennial
description
A perennial whose lifespan is less than approximately five years, with the exact lifespan generally dependent on environmental conditions.
has broader
Life history
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_history_short_lived_perennial

Ephemeral life history class

disturbance_ephemeral

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_history_ephemeral_class_disturbance_ephemeral
preferred label
disturbance_ephemeral
description
Ephemeral plant the germinates and establishes following disturbance, but the type of disturbance is not specified.
has broader
Ephemeral life history class
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_history_ephemeral_class_disturbance_ephemeral

rain_ephemeral

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_history_ephemeral_class_rain_ephemeral
preferred label
rain_ephemeral
description
Ephemeral plant that germinates and establishes following rain or flood events.
has broader
Ephemeral life history class
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_history_ephemeral_class_rain_ephemeral

fire_ephemeral

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_history_ephemeral_class_fire_ephemeral
preferred label
fire_ephemeral
description
Ephemeral plant that germinates and establishes following fire, where it is unknown if the plant is an obligate or facultative fire ephemeral.
has broader
Ephemeral life history class
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_history_ephemeral_class_fire_ephemeral

fire_ephemeral_facultative

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_history_ephemeral_class_fire_ephemeral_facultative
preferred label
fire_ephemeral_facultative
description
Ephemeral plant that increases its germination and establishment following fire, but can also germinate and establish without fire.
has broader
Ephemeral life history class
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_history_ephemeral_class_fire_ephemeral_facultative

fire_ephemeral_obligate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/life_history_ephemeral_class_fire_ephemeral_obligate
preferred label
fire_ephemeral_obligate
description
Ephemeral plant that only germinates and establishes following fire.
has broader
Ephemeral life history class
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
life_history_ephemeral_class_fire_ephemeral_obligate

Plant growth substrate

epiphyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_substrate_epiphyte
preferred label
epiphyte
description
A plant that grows upon another plant.
has broader
Plant growth substrate
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_substrate_epiphyte

lithophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_substrate_lithophyte
preferred label
lithophyte
description
A plant that grows upon a rock.
has broader
Plant growth substrate
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_substrate_lithophyte

terrestrial

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_substrate_terrestrial
preferred label
terrestrial
description
A plant that grows on land, and generally referencing a plant that grows in soil.
has broader
Plant growth substrate
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_substrate_terrestrial

semiaquatic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_substrate_semiaquatic
preferred label
semiaquatic
description
A plant that grows partially submerged in water or spends part of its life growing in water.
has broader
Plant growth substrate
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_substrate_semiaquatic

aquatic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_substrate_aquatic
preferred label
aquatic
description
A plant that grows in water.
has broader
Plant growth substrate
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_substrate_aquatic

marine

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_substrate_marine
preferred label
marine
description
A plant that grows in the sea.
has broader
Plant growth substrate
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_substrate_marine

hemiepiphyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_growth_substrate_hemiepiphyte
preferred label
hemiepiphyte
description
A plant that spends part of its life cycle as an epiphyte, growing upon another plant.
has broader
Plant growth substrate
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_growth_substrate_hemiepiphyte

Plant photosynthetic organ

leaf

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_photosynthetic_organ_leaf
preferred label
leaf
description
A true leaf, including both laminar and needle-shaped leaves.
has broader
Plant photosynthetic organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_photosynthetic_organ_leaf

cladode

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_photosynthetic_organ_cladode
preferred label
cladode
description
A photosynthetic shoot, regardless of form, that functions as a leaf. For example, cacti pads and Casuarina articles. (Synonyms, article, phylloclade, cladophyll)
has broader
Plant photosynthetic organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_photosynthetic_organ_cladode

phyllode

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_photosynthetic_organ_phyllode
preferred label
phyllode
description
A flattened bladelike petiole. (Synonyms, switch plant)
has broader
Plant photosynthetic organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_photosynthetic_organ_phyllode

non-photosynthetic_plant

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_photosynthetic_organ_non-photosynthetic_plant
preferred label
non-photosynthetic_plant
description
A plant that lacks any photosynthetic organs.
has broader
Plant photosynthetic organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_photosynthetic_organ_non-photosynthetic_plant

Plant alternative energy and nutrient acquisition strategies

saprophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_alternative_energy_and_nutrient_acquisition_strategy_saprophyte
preferred label
saprophyte
description
Plant that acquires nutrients from decaying biomass.
has broader
Plant alternative energy and nutrient acquisition strategies
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_alternative_energy_and_nutrient_acquisition_strategy_saprophyte

carnivorous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_alternative_energy_and_nutrient_acquisition_strategy_carnivorous
preferred label
carnivorous
description
Plant that acquires some or most of its nutrients from animals or protozoa.
has broader
Plant alternative energy and nutrient acquisition strategies
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_alternative_energy_and_nutrient_acquisition_strategy_carnivorous

nutrient_mining

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_alternative_energy_and_nutrient_acquisition_strategy_nutrient_mining
preferred label
nutrient_mining
description
Plant that uses a specialised root structure, such as cluster roots, to mine nutrients inaccessible to other plant taxa.
has broader
Plant alternative energy and nutrient acquisition strategies
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_alternative_energy_and_nutrient_acquisition_strategy_nutrient_mining

Woodiness

herbaceous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/woodiness_herbaceous
preferred label
herbaceous
description
Plant with non-lignified stems.
has broader
Woodiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
woodiness_herbaceous

woody

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/woodiness_woody
preferred label
woody
description
Plant whose stems are stiff and lignified, including both stems that produce secondary xylem and those that produce only lignified primary tissues but are notably stiff and robust.
has broader
Woodiness
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
woodiness_woody

Detailed woodiness categories

herbaceous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/woodiness_detailed_herbaceous
preferred label
herbaceous
description
Plant with non-lignified stems.
has broader
Detailed woodiness categories
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
woodiness_detailed_herbaceous

woody

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/woodiness_detailed_woody
preferred label
woody
description
Plant whose stems produce secondary xylem (true wood).
has broader
Detailed woodiness categories
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
woodiness_detailed_woody

woody_base

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/woodiness_detailed_woody_base
preferred label
woody_base
description
Plant where secondary xylem (true wood) is present only at the base of stems. (Synonyms, suffrutescent)
has broader
Detailed woodiness categories
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
woodiness_detailed_woody_base

woody_root

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/woodiness_detailed_woody_root
preferred label
woody_root
description
Plant that has a woody rootstock but non-woody above-ground stems.
has broader
Detailed woodiness categories
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
woodiness_detailed_woody_root

semi_woody

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/woodiness_detailed_semi_woody
preferred label
semi_woody
description
Plant that forms stems considered only ‘partially woody’, generally having lower lignin and cellulose contents and possibly not forming secondary xylem. These are generally short-lived, fast-growing stems. (Synonyms, green-stem shrub, soft shrub, soft wood)
has broader
Detailed woodiness categories
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
woodiness_detailed_semi_woody

woody_like_stem

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/woodiness_detailed_woody_like_stem
preferred label
woody_like_stem
description
Taxa, including monocots and ferns, that produce thick, stiff, robust lignified stems but do not produce secondary xylem.
has broader
Detailed woodiness categories
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
woodiness_detailed_woody_like_stem

woody_like_inflorescence

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/woodiness_detailed_woody_like_inflorescence
preferred label
woody_like_inflorescence
description
Taxa, including monocots, that produce thick, stiff, robust lignified inflorescence shoots but are otherwise non-woody.
has broader
Detailed woodiness categories
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
woodiness_detailed_woody_like_inflorescence

Physical defence structures

absent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_physical_defence_structures_absent
preferred label
absent
description
Plant that lacks a physical defence structure.
has broader
Physical defence structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_physical_defence_structures_absent

sharp_pointed_defence

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_physical_defence_structures_sharp_pointed_defence
preferred label
sharp_pointed_defence
description
Plant that has either spines, thorns, or prickles but the type of physical defence structure is not specified.
has broader
Physical defence structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_physical_defence_structures_sharp_pointed_defence

prickle

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_physical_defence_structures_prickle
preferred label
prickle
description
A sharp-tipped outgrowth from the epidermis, bark or other plant organ that is explicitly not a spine (modified leaf) or thorn (modified stem).
has broader
Physical defence structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_physical_defence_structures_prickle

pungent_leaf_apex

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_physical_defence_structures_pungent_leaf_apex
preferred label
pungent_leaf_apex
description
A sharp-tipped leaf.
has broader
Physical defence structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_physical_defence_structures_pungent_leaf_apex

spine

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_physical_defence_structures_spine
preferred label
spine
description
A sharp-pointed structure, which is a modified leaf or leaf part, including petioles, midribs, secondary veins, leaflets, or stipules.
has broader
Physical defence structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_physical_defence_structures_spine

stinging_or_irritant_hairs

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_physical_defence_structures_stinging_or_irritant_hairs
preferred label
stinging_or_irritant_hairs
description
Trichomes that sting or irritate, by injecting a toxin.
has broader
Physical defence structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_physical_defence_structures_stinging_or_irritant_hairs

thorn

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_physical_defence_structures_thorn
preferred label
thorn
description
A sharp-pointed, stiff, woody modified stem.
has broader
Physical defence structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_physical_defence_structures_thorn

Plant climbing mechanisms

adventitious_roots

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_climbing_mechanism_adventitious_roots
preferred label
adventitious_roots
description
Roots arising from stem nodes which cling to a host plant.
has broader
Plant climbing mechanisms
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_climbing_mechanism_adventitious_roots

hooks

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_climbing_mechanism_hooks
preferred label
hooks
description
Curved stem outgrowths which allow climbers to cling to a host plant.
has broader
Plant climbing mechanisms
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_climbing_mechanism_hooks

spines

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_climbing_mechanism_spines
preferred label
spines
description
Straight stem outgrowths (including true spines as well as thorns and prickles) which allow climbers to cling to a host plant.
has broader
Plant climbing mechanisms
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_climbing_mechanism_spines

tendrils

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_climbing_mechanism_tendrils
preferred label
tendrils
description
Modified leaves, petioles, or specialised axillary shoots that coil tightly, forming a specialised structure for climbing.
has broader
Plant climbing mechanisms
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_climbing_mechanism_tendrils

scrambling

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_climbing_mechanism_scrambling
preferred label
scrambling
description
Stem growth habit, where the plant stems are too weak to support themselves, and instead lean on and are supported by host vegetation. There are no specialised structures employed.
has broader
Plant climbing mechanisms
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_climbing_mechanism_scrambling

twining

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_climbing_mechanism_twining
preferred label
twining
description
Stem growth habit, where the plant stems twist or coil around a host plant to provide support.
has broader
Plant climbing mechanisms
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_climbing_mechanism_twining

Plant succulence

succulent_stems

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_succulence_succulent_stems
preferred label
succulent_stems
description
Stems are thick and fleshy.
has broader
Plant succulence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_succulence_succulent_stems

succulent_leaves

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_succulence_succulent_leaves
preferred label
succulent_leaves
description
Leaves are thick and fleshy.
has broader
Plant succulence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_succulence_succulent_leaves

succulent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_succulence_succulent
preferred label
succulent
description
A plant is designated as succulent but it is not specified which tissues are thick and fleshy.
has broader
Plant succulence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_succulence_succulent

semi-succulent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_succulence_semi-succulent
preferred label
semi-succulent
description
A plant has tissues that are somewhat thick and fleshy, including many chenopods.
has broader
Plant succulence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_succulence_semi-succulent

not_succulent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_succulence_not_succulent
preferred label
not_succulent
description
Neither stems nor leaves are thick and fleshy.
has broader
Plant succulence
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_succulence_not_succulent

Stem growth habit

arborescent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_arborescent
preferred label
arborescent
description
Tree-like growth habit.
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_arborescent

erect

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_erect
preferred label
erect
description
Stems that grow upright.
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_erect

caespitose

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_caespitose
preferred label
caespitose
description
Multiple short-shoots arise from the base of the plant forming a dense tuft, as in a bunch-grass. (Synonyms, cespitose, bunch-grass, tussock)
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_caespitose

cushion-forming

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_cushion-forming
preferred label
cushion-forming
description
Multiple erect, short stems arise from the soil and are so tightly packed that they form dense, even, rounded canopy with no gaps. (Synonyms, cushion)
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_cushion-forming

mat-forming

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_mat-forming
preferred label
mat-forming
description
Multiple stems that are mostly horizontal and are densely packed but open enough that there are still a few gaps between them.
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_mat-forming

tufted

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_tufted
preferred label
tufted
description
Plant has a dense clump of leaves, either at the base of the plant or clusters of leaves growing close together higher on the plant. This term can refer to grasses, shrubs, or trees.
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_tufted

creeping

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_creeping
preferred label
creeping
description
Stem that creeps along the ground, rooting at nodes. (Synonyms, repent)
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_creeping

decumbent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_decumbent
preferred label
decumbent
description
Stems whose bases lie flat on the ground but whose tips grow upward. (Synonyms, ascending)
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_decumbent

prostrate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_prostrate
preferred label
prostrate
description
Stems lie flat on the ground but do not root at nodes. (Synonyms, procumbent, reclining, trailing)
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_prostrate

rosette

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_rosette
preferred label
rosette
description
Plants whose leaves radiate from a central point at or near ground level. (Synonyms, acaulescent, rosulate)
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_rosette

climbing

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_climbing
preferred label
climbing
description
Stem that does not have a self-supporting structure and ascends by leaning on or attaching itself to surrounding vegetation or another substrate. Climbing mechanisms include tendrils, petioles, adventitious roots, scrambling, and twining and are distinguished between in the trait plant_climbing_mechanism.
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_climbing

sprawling

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_sprawling
preferred label
sprawling
description
Stem that sprawls across other plants or objects but lacks specialised climbing structures or mechanisms. (Synonyms, clambering, scandent)
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_sprawling

rhizomatous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_rhizomatous
preferred label
rhizomatous
description
Plants with short horizontal underground stems from which shoots emerge.
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_rhizomatous

stoloniferous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_stoloniferous
preferred label
stoloniferous
description
Plants with long horizontal branches either slightly belowground or aboveground, that root at their nodes or tips, producing new plants. (Synonyms, sarmentose)
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_stoloniferous

spreading

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_spreading
preferred label
spreading
description
Plants with a notable horizontal extent, referring either to a broad tree canopy or a shrub or herb that spreads across the ground.
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_spreading

floating

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_floating
preferred label
floating
description
Plant where most of the leaves are floating on water.
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_floating

submerged

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_submerged
preferred label
submerged
description
Plant where most of the leaves are submerged beneath the surface of a waterbody.
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_submerged

dense

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_dense
preferred label
dense
description
Plant with a high density of branches.
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_dense

compact

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_compact
preferred label
compact
description
Plant with closely packed branches.
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_compact

bushy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_bushy
preferred label
bushy
description
Plant with much-branched branches. (Synonyms, shrubby)
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_bushy

open

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_open
preferred label
open
description
Plant with an open architecture of branches.
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_open

spindly

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/stem_growth_habit_spindly
preferred label
spindly
description
Plants with weak, skinny branches.
has broader
Stem growth habit
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
stem_growth_habit_spindly

Leaf phenology

deciduous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_phenology_deciduous
preferred label
deciduous
description
Plant loses its entire leaf canopy for part of the year, in response to either drought or cold.
has broader
Leaf phenology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_phenology_deciduous

evergreen

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_phenology_evergreen
preferred label
evergreen
description
Plant retains a leaf canopy throughout the year.
has broader
Leaf phenology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_phenology_evergreen

cold_deciduous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_phenology_cold_deciduous
preferred label
cold_deciduous
description
Plant loses its entire leaf canopy for part of the year, in response to cold.
has broader
Leaf phenology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_phenology_cold_deciduous

drought_deciduous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_phenology_drought_deciduous
preferred label
drought_deciduous
description
Plant loses its entire leaf canopy for part of the year, in response to drought.
has broader
Leaf phenology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_phenology_drought_deciduous

facultative_drought_deciduous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_phenology_facultative_drought_deciduous
preferred label
facultative_drought_deciduous
description
Plant sometimes loses its leaf canopy for part of the year, in response to drought.
has broader
Leaf phenology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_phenology_facultative_drought_deciduous

semi_deciduous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_phenology_semi_deciduous
preferred label
semi_deciduous
description
Plant thins, but does not entirely lose, its leaf canopy in response to an environmental cue, usually drought.
has broader
Leaf phenology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_phenology_semi_deciduous

brevi_deciduous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/leaf_phenology_brevi_deciduous
preferred label
brevi_deciduous
description
Plant briefly loses its entire leaf canopy but flushes a new leaf canopy almost simultaneously to leaf loss.
has broader
Leaf phenology
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
leaf_phenology_brevi_deciduous

Competitive stratum

ground

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/competitive_stratum_ground
preferred label
ground
description
Graminoids, herbs and ferns reaching maximum heights of c. 0.2-1 m.
has broader
Competitive stratum
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
competitive_stratum_ground

mid

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/competitive_stratum_mid
preferred label
mid
description
Shrubs reaching maximum heights of c. 1-2 m.
has broader
Competitive stratum
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
competitive_stratum_mid

upper

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/competitive_stratum_upper
preferred label
upper
description
Tall shrubs reaching maximum heights of c. 3-5 m.
has broader
Competitive stratum
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
competitive_stratum_upper

post_fire_ephemeral

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/competitive_stratum_post_fire_ephemeral
preferred label
post_fire_ephemeral
description
Taxa that avoid competition with other strata by rapidly completing their life cycle after fire; a sub-category of ‘ground’.
has broader
Competitive stratum
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
competitive_stratum_post_fire_ephemeral

Plant nitrogen fixation capacity

non_nitrogen_fixer

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/nitrogen_fixing_non_nitrogen_fixer
preferred label
non_nitrogen_fixer
description
Plant does not host nitrogen-fixing microbes.
has broader
Plant nitrogen fixation capacity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
nitrogen_fixing_non_nitrogen_fixer

nitrogen_fixer

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/nitrogen_fixing_nitrogen_fixer
preferred label
nitrogen_fixer
description
Plant hosts nitrogen-fixing microbes in root nodules.
has broader
Plant nitrogen fixation capacity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
nitrogen_fixing_nitrogen_fixer

Plant root structures

arbuscular_mycorrhizal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_arbuscular_mycorrhizal
preferred label
arbuscular_mycorrhizal
description
Symbiosis in which the mycorrhizal fungi does penetrate the cortex cells of the plant roots and its hyphae form arbuscules and vesicles inside the plant root; endomycorrhizal, AM, VAM.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_arbuscular_mycorrhizal

carnivorous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_carnivorous
preferred label
carnivorous
description
Plant has non-mycorrhizal carnivorous root.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_carnivorous

cluster_roots

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_cluster_roots
preferred label
cluster_roots
description
Non-proteoid taxa with cluster roots.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_cluster_roots

coiling_vam

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_coiling_vam
preferred label
coiling_vam
description
Associations that spread predominantly by intracellular hyphal coils within roots.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_coiling_vam

dauciform_root

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_dauciform_root
preferred label
dauciform_root
description
A type of cluster root found in the family Cyperaceae.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_dauciform_root

ectomycorrhizal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_ectomycorrhizal
preferred label
ectomycorrhizal
description
Symbiosis in which the mycorrhizal fungi does not penetrate the cortex cells of the plant roots.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_ectomycorrhizal

ericoid_mycorrhizal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_ericoid_mycorrhizal
preferred label
ericoid_mycorrhizal
description
A form of arbuscular mycorrhizal relationship only found on plants in the order Ericales. The fungi’s hyphae penetrate the plant root but do not form arbuscules.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_ericoid_mycorrhizal

fine_roots

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_fine_roots
preferred label
fine_roots
description
Particularly fine roots for nutrient uptake.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_fine_roots

haustorium

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_haustorium
preferred label
haustorium
description
A highly modified stem or root of a parasitic plant, such as mistletoe , or a specialized branch or tube originating from a hairlike filament (hypha) of a fungus. The haustorium penetrates the tissues of a host and absorbs nutrients and water.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_haustorium

hemiparasitic_root

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_hemiparasitic_root
preferred label
hemiparasitic_root
description
Plant with a partially parasitic root.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_hemiparasitic_root

long_root_hairs

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_long_root_hairs
preferred label
long_root_hairs
description
Plant with specialised long root hairs.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_long_root_hairs

mycorrhizal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_mycorrhizal
preferred label
mycorrhizal
description
Plant mycorrhizal but type not specified.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_mycorrhizal

non_mycorrhizal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_non_mycorrhizal
preferred label
non_mycorrhizal
description
Plants lacking a mycorrhizal symbiont.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_non_mycorrhizal

orchid_mycorrhizal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_orchid_mycorrhizal
preferred label
orchid_mycorrhizal
description
A mycorrhizal relationship specific to orchid taxa, and for most orchids, essential for seedlings to establish.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_orchid_mycorrhizal

parasitic_root

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_parasitic_root
preferred label
parasitic_root
description
Plant with a parasitic root.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_parasitic_root

proteoid_root

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_proteoid_root
preferred label
proteoid_root
description
Also known as cluster roots, are plant roots that form clusters of closely spaced short lateral rootlets and aid in nutrient upake in nutrient-poor soils; common in members of the family Proteaceae but present in other families as well.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_proteoid_root

root_hairs

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_root_hairs
preferred label
root_hairs
description
Plant with specialised root hairs.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_root_hairs

sand-binding

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_sand-binding
preferred label
sand-binding
description
Persistent sheaths of sand that form around the roots of taxa in the families Restionaceae, Cyperaceae, Haemodoraceae, and Lomandraceae in western Australia. Assumed to function in nutrient uptake.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_sand-binding

saprophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_saprophyte
preferred label
saprophyte
description
Plant that acquires nutrients from decaying biomass.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_saprophyte

subepidermal_mycorrhizal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_subepidermal_mycorrhizal
preferred label
subepidermal_mycorrhizal
description
Mycorrhizae where hyphae grow in a cavity under epidermal cells. Only in the genus Thysanotus (family Laxmaniaceae).
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_subepidermal_mycorrhizal

unknown

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/root_structure_unknown
preferred label
unknown
description
Root structures unknown.
has broader
Plant root structures
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
root_structure_unknown

Plant parasitism status

hemiparasitic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/parasitic_hemiparasitic
preferred label
hemiparasitic
description
Plant that is photosynthetic but augments its energy, mineral nutrition, and /or water supply through parasitism. This trait value does not distinguish between obligate hemiparasites, plants which require a host for at least part of their life cycle, and facultative hemiparasites, plants which can grow and reproduce without a host.
has broader
Plant parasitism status
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
parasitic_hemiparasitic

hemiparasitic_obligate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/parasitic_hemiparasitic_obligate
preferred label
hemiparasitic_obligate
description
Plant that is photosynthetic but requires a host for at least part of its life cycle.
has broader
Plant parasitism status
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
parasitic_hemiparasitic_obligate

hemiparasitic_facultative

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/parasitic_hemiparasitic_facultative
preferred label
hemiparasitic_facultative
description
Plant that is photosynthetic and can grow and reproduce without a host but augments its energy, mineral nutrition, and /or water supply through parasitism.
has broader
Plant parasitism status
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
parasitic_hemiparasitic_facultative

holoparasitic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/parasitic_holoparasitic
preferred label
holoparasitic
description
Plant that obtains all (or nearly all) of its energy through parasitism.
has broader
Plant parasitism status
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
parasitic_holoparasitic

parasitic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/parasitic_parasitic
preferred label
parasitic
description
Plant that obtains some energy, mineral nutrition and/or water through parasitism. This term is used if a dataset does not specify if a plant is a hemiparasite or a holoparasite.
has broader
Plant parasitism status
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
parasitic_parasitic

not_parasitic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/parasitic_not_parasitic
preferred label
not_parasitic
description
In the context of this trait, a plant that does not acquire energy, mineral nutrition, and/or water via haustoria connected to another plant. It can include species that form a symbiosis, including a parasitic interaction, with a fungal partner.
has broader
Plant parasitism status
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
parasitic_not_parasitic

root_parasitic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/parasitic_root_parasitic
preferred label
root_parasitic
description
Parasitic plant whose haustoria penetrate the root of a host plant.
has broader
Plant parasitism status
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
parasitic_root_parasitic

stem_parasitic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/parasitic_stem_parasitic
preferred label
stem_parasitic
description
Parasitic plant whose haustoria penetrate the stem of a host plant.
has broader
Plant parasitism status
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
parasitic_stem_parasitic

Plant sex type

androdioecious

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/sex_type_androdioecious
preferred label
androdioecious
description
Taxa in which hermaphroditic and staminate (male) plants coexist within a population.
has broader
Plant sex type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
sex_type_androdioecious

andromonoecious

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/sex_type_andromonoecious
preferred label
andromonoecious
description
Taxa with hermaphrodite flowers and staminate flowers (producing just male gametes) on the same plant but no pistillate (female) flowers.
has broader
Plant sex type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
sex_type_andromonoecious

dioecious

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/sex_type_dioecious
preferred label
dioecious
description
Taxa that produce male and female flowers on separate plants.
has broader
Plant sex type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
sex_type_dioecious

gynodioecious

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/sex_type_gynodioecious
preferred label
gynodioecious
description
Taxa in which hermaphroditic and pistillate (female) plants coexist within a population.
has broader
Plant sex type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
sex_type_gynodioecious

gynomonoecious

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/sex_type_gynomonoecious
preferred label
gynomonoecious
description
Taxa with hermaphrodite flowers and pistillate flowers (producing just female gametes) on the same plant but no staminate (male) flowers.
has broader
Plant sex type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
sex_type_gynomonoecious

hermaphrodite

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/sex_type_hermaphrodite
preferred label
hermaphrodite
description
Taxa with flowers that produce both male and female gametes; bisexual.
has broader
Plant sex type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
sex_type_hermaphrodite

monoecious

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/sex_type_monoecious
preferred label
monoecious
description
Taxa that have both male and female flowers on the same plant but an individual flower produces only male or female gametes.
has broader
Plant sex type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
sex_type_monoecious

polygamous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/sex_type_polygamous
preferred label
polygamous
description
Taxa with both unisexual and bisexual flowers on the same plant.
has broader
Plant sex type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
sex_type_polygamous

polygamodioecious

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/sex_type_polygamodioecious
preferred label
polygamodioecious
description
Taxa where some flowers on a plant are hermaphrodite and other are pistillate (female) or staminate (male).
has broader
Plant sex type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
sex_type_polygamodioecious

polygamonoecious

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/sex_type_polygamonoecious
preferred label
polygamonoecious
description
Taxa where some plants in a population have hermaphrodite and pistillate (female) flowers and others have hermaphrodite and staminate (male) flowers.
has broader
Plant sex type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
sex_type_polygamonoecious

trioecious

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/sex_type_trioecious
preferred label
trioecious
description
Taxa where plants in a population have either hermaphroditic (bisexual) flowers, pistillate (female) flowers, or staminate (male) flowers.
has broader
Plant sex type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
sex_type_trioecious

unknown

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/sex_type_unknown
preferred label
unknown
description
Inadequate information to assign a sex type.
has broader
Plant sex type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
sex_type_unknown

Pollination syndrome

abiotic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_abiotic
preferred label
abiotic
description
Floral syndrome indicates pollination occurs through wind, water, or collision of free-floating particles.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_abiotic

biotic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_biotic
preferred label
biotic
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are pollinated by a biotic agent.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_biotic

animal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_animal
preferred label
animal
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are animal-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_animal

ballistic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_ballistic
preferred label
ballistic
description
Floral syndrome suggests pollen is launched away from the plant by explosion.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_ballistic

bat

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_bat
preferred label
bat
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are bat-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_bat

bee

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_bee
preferred label
bee
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are bee-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_bee

beetle

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_beetle
preferred label
beetle
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are beetle-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_beetle

bird

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_bird
preferred label
bird
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are bird-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_bird

butterfly

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_butterfly
preferred label
butterfly
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are butterfly-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_butterfly

fly

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_fly
preferred label
fly
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are fly-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_fly

insect

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_insect
preferred label
insect
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are insect-pollinated, type of insect not specified.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_insect

mammal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_mammal
preferred label
mammal
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are mammal-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_mammal

moth

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_moth
preferred label
moth
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are moth-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_moth

thrip

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_thrip
preferred label
thrip
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are thrip-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_thrip

vertebrate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_vertebrate
preferred label
vertebrate
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are vertebrate-pollinated (bats, birds, mammals or lizards).
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_vertebrate

wasp

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_wasp
preferred label
wasp
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are wasp-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_wasp

water

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_water
preferred label
water
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are water-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_water

wind

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_wind
preferred label
wind
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are wind-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_wind

self

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_self
preferred label
self
description
Floral syndrome suggests flowers are primarily self-pollinating.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_self

pollination_rare

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_syndrome_pollination_rare
preferred label
pollination_rare
description
Plants mostly reproduce through vegetative spread and flowering is rare.
has broader
Pollination syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_syndrome_pollination_rare

Pollination system

abiotic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_abiotic
preferred label
abiotic
description
Observations indicate pollination occurs through wind, water, or collision of free-floating particles.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_abiotic

biotic_unspecialised

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_biotic_unspecialised
preferred label
biotic_unspecialised
description
Taxa are pollinated by a biotic agent, but do not have a specialist pollinator.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_biotic_unspecialised

biotic_specialised

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_biotic_specialised
preferred label
biotic_specialised
description
Taxa depend upon a specialist pollinator for pollen transfer.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_biotic_specialised

animal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_animal
preferred label
animal
description
Flowers are observed to be animal-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_animal

ballistic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_ballistic
preferred label
ballistic
description
Pollen is observed to be launched away from the plant by explosion.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_ballistic

bat

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_bat
preferred label
bat
description
Flowers are observed to be bat-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_bat

bee

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_bee
preferred label
bee
description
Flowers are observed to be bee-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_bee

beetle

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_beetle
preferred label
beetle
description
Flowers are observed to be beetle-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_beetle

bird

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_bird
preferred label
bird
description
Flowers are observed to be bird-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_bird

butterfly

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_butterfly
preferred label
butterfly
description
Flowers are observed to be butterfly-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_butterfly

fly

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_fly
preferred label
fly
description
Flowers are observed to be fly-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_fly

insect

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_insect
preferred label
insect
description
Flowers are observed to be insect-pollinated, type of insect not specified.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_insect

mammal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_mammal
preferred label
mammal
description
Flowers are observed to be mammal-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_mammal

moth

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_moth
preferred label
moth
description
Flowers are observed to be moth-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_moth

thrip

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_thrip
preferred label
thrip
description
Flowers are observed to be thrip-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_thrip

vertebrate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_vertebrate
preferred label
vertebrate
description
Flowers are observed to be vertebrate-pollinated (bats, birds, mammals or lizards).
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_vertebrate

wasp

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_wasp
preferred label
wasp
description
Flowers are observed to be wasp-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_wasp

water

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_water
preferred label
water
description
Flowers are observed to be water-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_water

wind

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_wind
preferred label
wind
description
Flowers are observed to be wind-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_wind

self

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/pollination_system_self
preferred label
self
description
Flowers are self-pollinated.
has broader
Pollination system
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
pollination_system_self

Diaspore dispersal syndrome

anemochory

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_syndrome_anemochory
preferred label
anemochory
description
Diaspore is dispersed by wind. (Synonyms, wind)
has broader
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_syndrome_anemochory

anthrochory

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_syndrome_anthrochory
preferred label
anthrochory
description
Diaspore is dispersed by humans, either intentionally or unintentionally.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_syndrome_anthrochory

atelochory

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_syndrome_atelochory
preferred label
atelochory
description
Diaspore dispersal is prevented. (Synonyms, antitelochory)
has broader
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_syndrome_atelochory

autochory

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_syndrome_autochory
preferred label
autochory
description
Diaspore is dispersed by methods originating from the parent plant or diaspore.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_syndrome_autochory

ballistic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_syndrome_ballistic
preferred label
ballistic
description
Seeds are launched away from the plant by explosion as soon as the seed capsule opens.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_syndrome_ballistic

barochory

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_syndrome_barochory
preferred label
barochory
description
Diaspores are dispersed without assistance. (Synonyms, gravity, mobile, unassisted, passive)
has broader
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_syndrome_barochory

chamaechory

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_syndrome_chamaechory
preferred label
chamaechory
description
Diaspore is dispersed by being rolled along ground surface by wind.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_syndrome_chamaechory

endozoochory

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_syndrome_endozoochory
preferred label
endozoochory
description
Diaspore is ingested by animals, either intentionally or accidentally, then transported before being deposited. (Synonyms, ingestion)
has broader
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_syndrome_endozoochory

epizoochory

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_syndrome_epizoochory
preferred label
epizoochory
description
Diaspore is dispersed by accidentally attaching itself to the outside of an animal vector. (Synonyms, ectozoochory, exozoochory)
has broader
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_syndrome_epizoochory

hydrochory

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_syndrome_hydrochory
preferred label
hydrochory
description
Diaspore is dispersed on the surface of water. (Synonyms, water)
has broader
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_syndrome_hydrochory

myrmecochory

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_syndrome_myrmecochory
preferred label
myrmecochory
description
Diaspores have elaiosomes (specialised nutritious appendages) that make them attractive for capture, transport and use by ants or related insects.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_syndrome_myrmecochory

undefined

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_syndrome_undefined
preferred label
undefined
description
Dispersal mechanism unknown. (Synonyms, unknown)
has broader
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_syndrome_undefined

zoochory

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersal_syndrome_zoochory
preferred label
zoochory
description
Diaspore is dispersed by animals, by an undescribed mechanism.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal syndrome
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersal_syndrome_zoochory

Diaspore dispersal agents

indigenous_people

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_indigenous_people
preferred label
indigenous_people
description
Indigenous people disperse the fruit through traditional practices.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_indigenous_people

abiotic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_abiotic
preferred label
abiotic
description
Fruits are dispersed by unspecified abiotic mechanisms.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_abiotic

ants

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_ants
preferred label
ants
description
Ants are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_ants

animals

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_animals
preferred label
animals
description
Animals are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_animals

bats

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_bats
preferred label
bats
description
Bats are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_bats

birds

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_birds
preferred label
birds
description
Birds are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_birds

cassowaries

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_cassowaries
preferred label
cassowaries
description
Cassowaries, in contrast to smaller flying birds, are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_cassowaries

fish

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_fish
preferred label
fish
description
Fish are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_fish

floods

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_floods
preferred label
floods
description
Floods are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_floods

flying_vertebrates

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_flying_vertebrates
preferred label
flying_vertebrates
description
Flying birds and bats are important fruit dispersal agents.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_flying_vertebrates

flying_foxes

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_flying_foxes
preferred label
flying_foxes
description
Flying foxes are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_flying_foxes

garden_refuse

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_garden_refuse
preferred label
garden_refuse
description
Fruit are dispersed through garden refuse.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_garden_refuse

insects

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_insects
preferred label
insects
description
Insects are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_insects

invertebrates

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_invertebrates
preferred label
invertebrates
description
Invertebrates are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_invertebrates

mammals

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_mammals
preferred label
mammals
description
Mammals are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_mammals

mammals_domestic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_mammals_domestic
preferred label
mammals_domestic
description
Domesticated ammals are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_mammals_domestic

non-flying_vertebrates

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_non-flying_vertebrates
preferred label
non-flying_vertebrates
description
Mammals and non-flying birds (i.e. cassowary, emu) are important fruit dispersal agents.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_non-flying_vertebrates

passive

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_passive
preferred label
passive
description
There is no special dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_passive

rain

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_rain
preferred label
rain
description
Rain is an important fruit dispersal agent; the diaspore is propelled by action of rain on plant structure or the wetting of the plant structure by rain or dew.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_rain

rodents

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_rodents
preferred label
rodents
description
Rodents are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_rodents

vehicles

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_vehicles
preferred label
vehicles
description
Vehicles are an important dispersal agent, such as through mud on tyres.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_vehicles

vertebrates

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_vertebrates
preferred label
vertebrates
description
Vertebrates are an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_vertebrates

wind

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_wind
preferred label
wind
description
Wind is an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_wind

water

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_water
preferred label
water
description
Water is an important fruit dispersal agent.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_water

water_currents

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/dispersers_water_currents
preferred label
water_currents
description
Water currents are an important fruit dispersal agent; the diaspore may be either floating or submerged in fresh/saltwater currents.
has broader
Diaspore dispersal agents
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
dispersers_water_currents

Environmental flowering cues

rain

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flowering_cues_rain
preferred label
rain
description
Plants increase flowering in response to rain, but the time of year is not specified.
has broader
Environmental flowering cues
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flowering_cues_rain

rain_obligate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flowering_cues_rain_obligate
preferred label
rain_obligate
description
Plants only flower following rain events.
has broader
Environmental flowering cues
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flowering_cues_rain_obligate

rain_all_year

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flowering_cues_rain_all_year
preferred label
rain_all_year
description
Plants increase flowering in response to rain at any time of the year.
has broader
Environmental flowering cues
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flowering_cues_rain_all_year

rain_summer

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flowering_cues_rain_summer
preferred label
rain_summer
description
Plants increase flowering in response to summer rains.
has broader
Environmental flowering cues
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flowering_cues_rain_summer

rain_autumn

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flowering_cues_rain_autumn
preferred label
rain_autumn
description
Plants increase flowering in response to autumn rains.
has broader
Environmental flowering cues
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flowering_cues_rain_autumn

rain_winter

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flowering_cues_rain_winter
preferred label
rain_winter
description
Plants increase flowering in response to winter rains.
has broader
Environmental flowering cues
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flowering_cues_rain_winter

rain_spring

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flowering_cues_rain_spring
preferred label
rain_spring
description
Plants increase flowering in response to spring rains.
has broader
Environmental flowering cues
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flowering_cues_rain_spring

floods

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flowering_cues_floods
preferred label
floods
description
Plants increase flowering in response to floods.
has broader
Environmental flowering cues
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flowering_cues_floods

fire

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/flowering_cues_fire
preferred label
fire
description
Plants increase flowering in response to fires.
has broader
Environmental flowering cues
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
flowering_cues_fire

Seedling establishment conditions

establish_post_fire

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedling_establishment_conditions_establish_post_fire
preferred label
establish_post_fire
description
Seedling establishment occurs following fire.
has broader
Seedling establishment conditions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedling_establishment_conditions_establish_post_fire

establish_post_disturbance

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedling_establishment_conditions_establish_post_disturbance
preferred label
establish_post_disturbance
description
Seedling establishment occurs following disturbances that increase light levels at the ground surface, but the type of disturbance is not documented.
has broader
Seedling establishment conditions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedling_establishment_conditions_establish_post_disturbance

establish_anytime

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedling_establishment_conditions_establish_anytime
preferred label
establish_anytime
description
Seedlings can establish immediately following a disturbance and in later years as vegetation ages, right thru to mature and over-mature vegetation
has broader
Seedling establishment conditions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedling_establishment_conditions_establish_anytime

establish_intermediate_to_mature_vegetation

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedling_establishment_conditions_establish_intermediate_to_mature_vegetation
preferred label
establish_intermediate_to_mature_vegetation
description
Seedlings require some environmental characteristics not found in vegetation straight after fires to establish, for they cannot establish within the first season or two after fire but can establish in older vegetation (including mature to over-mature vegetation).
has broader
Seedling establishment conditions
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedling_establishment_conditions_establish_intermediate_to_mature_vegetation

Seed storage location

seedbank

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedbank_location_seedbank
preferred label
seedbank
description
A seedbank exists, but its locations is not specified.
has broader
Seed storage location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedbank_location_seedbank

canopy_seedbank

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedbank_location_canopy_seedbank
preferred label
canopy_seedbank
description
Seeds stored in the canopy, usually still within a woody cone.
has broader
Seed storage location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedbank_location_canopy_seedbank

soil_seedbank

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedbank_location_soil_seedbank
preferred label
soil_seedbank
description
Seeds stored in the soil.
has broader
Seed storage location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedbank_location_soil_seedbank

canopy_seedbank_absent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedbank_location_canopy_seedbank_absent
preferred label
canopy_seedbank_absent
description
Seed explicitly not stored in the canopy.
has broader
Seed storage location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedbank_location_canopy_seedbank_absent

soil_seedbank_absent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedbank_location_soil_seedbank_absent
preferred label
soil_seedbank_absent
description
Seed explicitly not stored in the soil.
has broader
Seed storage location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedbank_location_soil_seedbank_absent

none

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedbank_location_none
preferred label
none
description
Seeds are not stored.
has broader
Seed storage location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedbank_location_none

Serotiny

not_serotinous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/serotiny_not_serotinous
preferred label
not_serotinous
description
Plant does not display serotiny.
has broader
Serotiny
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
serotiny_not_serotinous

serotinous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/serotiny_serotinous
preferred label
serotinous
description
Plant serotinous, level not specified.
has broader
Serotiny
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
serotiny_serotinous

serotiny_low

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/serotiny_serotiny_low
preferred label
serotiny_low
description
Plant displays a weak level of serotiny, indicating it releases most of its seeds gradually, with only a small proportion of the seeds retained as a canopy seedbank until an environmental cue triggers the release of the entire seedbank.
has broader
Serotiny
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
serotiny_serotiny_low

serotiny_moderate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/serotiny_serotiny_moderate
preferred label
serotiny_moderate
description
Plant displays a moderate level of serotiny, indicating it releases some of its seeds gradually, with the remainder retained as a canopy seedbank until an environmental cue triggers the release of the entire seedbank.
has broader
Serotiny
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
serotiny_serotiny_moderate

serotiny_high

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/serotiny_serotiny_high
preferred label
serotiny_high
description
Plant displays a strong level of serotiny, indicating all seeds are retained as a canopy seedbank until an environmental cue triggers their release.
has broader
Serotiny
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
serotiny_serotiny_high

Seedbank longevity class

transient

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedbank_longevity_class_transient
preferred label
transient
description
Seed that survives in the seedbank until its first annual germination season, but not until its second annual germination season. Some transient seeds will germinate within weeks to months, while others may remain in the seedbank for slightly over a year, depending on how the annual recruitment season aligns with seed maturation. Transient seeds are non-dormant, remaining in the seedbank until environmental conditions are appropriate for germination.
has broader
Seedbank longevity class
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedbank_longevity_class_transient

persistent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedbank_longevity_class_persistent
preferred label
persistent
description
Seed that survives in the seedbank until at least its second germination season.
has broader
Seedbank longevity class
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedbank_longevity_class_persistent

short_persistent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedbank_longevity_class_short_persistent
preferred label
short_persistent
description
Seed that persists in the seedbank for approximately 1 to 5 years, although the time interval varies by study.
has broader
Seedbank longevity class
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedbank_longevity_class_short_persistent

long_persistent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedbank_longevity_class_long_persistent
preferred label
long_persistent
description
Seed that persists in the seedbank for more than 5 years, although the time interval varies by study.
has broader
Seedbank longevity class
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedbank_longevity_class_long_persistent

widely_dispersed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seedbank_longevity_class_widely_dispersed
preferred label
widely_dispersed
description
Seed longevity not important, as seeds are widely dispersed and always available for germination.
has broader
Seedbank longevity class
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seedbank_longevity_class_widely_dispersed

Dormancy type

morphophysiological_dormancy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_dormancy_class_morphophysiological_dormancy
preferred label
morphophysiological_dormancy
description
Seeds exhibit morphophysiological dormancy, with both morphological and physiological dormancy mechanisms that must be overcome.
has broader
Dormancy type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_dormancy_class_morphophysiological_dormancy

morphological_dormancy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_dormancy_class_morphological_dormancy
preferred label
morphological_dormancy
description
Seeds exhibit morphological dormancy, generally because an underdeveloped embryo needs to grow.
has broader
Dormancy type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_dormancy_class_morphological_dormancy

non_dormant

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_dormancy_class_non_dormant
preferred label
non_dormant
description
Seeds are non-dormant.
has broader
Dormancy type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_dormancy_class_non_dormant

physical_dormancy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_dormancy_class_physical_dormancy
preferred label
physical_dormancy
description
Seeds exhibit physical dormancy, due to one or more water-impermeable layers in the seed coat.
has broader
Dormancy type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_dormancy_class_physical_dormancy

physiological_dormancy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_dormancy_class_physiological_dormancy
preferred label
physiological_dormancy
description
Seeds exhibit physiological dormancy, whereby chemical changes are required within the seed to break dormancy, including temperature stratification and after-ripening.
has broader
Dormancy type
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_dormancy_class_physiological_dormancy

Seed germination treatment

after_ripening

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_after_ripening
preferred label
after_ripening
description
Seed germinates more readily after a period of warm, dry storage.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_after_ripening

chemical_treatment

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_chemical_treatment
preferred label
chemical_treatment
description
Seed germinates more readily after a chemical treatment.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_chemical_treatment

cold

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_cold
preferred label
cold
description
Seed germinates more readily after cold treatment.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_cold

dark

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_dark
preferred label
dark
description
Seed germinates more readily after being stored in the dark.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_dark

heat

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_heat
preferred label
heat
description
Seed germinates more readily after being heated.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_heat

heat_lethal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_heat_lethal
preferred label
heat_lethal
description
Seed is heat sensitive. (A fire response, more than a treatment to break dormancy.)
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_heat_lethal

heat+smoke

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_heat+smoke
preferred label
heat+smoke
description
Seed germinates more readily after a treatment that merges heat and smoke.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_heat+smoke

imbibe_hot

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_imbibe_hot
preferred label
imbibe_hot
description
Seed germinates more readily after being soaked in hot water; water temperature usually between 70 deg C to just below boiling.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_imbibe_hot

leaching

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_leaching
preferred label
leaching
description
Seed germinates more readily after leaching out certain chemicals.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_leaching

light

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_light
preferred label
light
description
Seed germinates more readily after light exposure.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_light

mycorrhizae

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_mycorrhizae
preferred label
mycorrhizae
description
Seed germinates more readily if infected by a mycorrhizal symbiont.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_mycorrhizae

none

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_none
preferred label
none
description
No treatment required for seed to display high germination rates.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_none

rain

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_rain
preferred label
rain
description
Seed germinates more readily after rain.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_rain

scarify

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_scarify
preferred label
scarify
description
Seed coat is removed, nicked, or otherwise punctured to increase germination.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_scarify

smoke

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_smoke
preferred label
smoke
description
Seed germinates more readily after being subjected to a smoke treatment; includes smoked water.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_smoke

stratification

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_stratification
preferred label
stratification
description
Seed germinates more readily after being stored in moist conditions; not specified if the treatment was cold stratification or warm stratification.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_stratification

stratification_cold

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_stratification_cold
preferred label
stratification_cold
description
Seed germinates more readily after a period of cold, wet storage.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_stratification_cold

stratification_warm

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/seed_germination_treatment_stratification_warm
preferred label
stratification_warm
description
Seed germinates more readily after a period of warm, wet storage.
has broader
Seed germination treatment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
seed_germination_treatment_stratification_warm

Vegetative reproduction ability

not_vegetative

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/vegetative_reproduction_ability_not_vegetative
preferred label
not_vegetative
description
Plant taxa that regenerate and spread only by seed.
has broader
Vegetative reproduction ability
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
vegetative_reproduction_ability_not_vegetative

vegetative

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/vegetative_reproduction_ability_vegetative
preferred label
vegetative
description
Plant taxa that can regenerate and spread through the growth and division of vegetative material, not just from seed; examples include runners, rhizomes, and bulbs.
has broader
Vegetative reproduction ability
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
vegetative_reproduction_ability_vegetative

vegetative_obligate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/vegetative_reproduction_ability_vegetative_obligate
preferred label
vegetative_obligate
description
Plant taxa that never (or very rarely) regenerate from seed, instead regenerating and spreading entirely through the growth and division of vegetative material.
has broader
Vegetative reproduction ability
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
vegetative_reproduction_ability_vegetative_obligate

Clonal spread mechanism

aboveground_clonal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/clonal_spread_mechanism_aboveground_clonal
preferred label
aboveground_clonal
description
Vegetative buds or plant fragments that can disperse and produce new plants (including axillary buds, bulbils and turions).
has broader
Clonal spread mechanism
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
clonal_spread_mechanism_aboveground_clonal

adventitious_roots

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/clonal_spread_mechanism_adventitious_roots
preferred label
adventitious_roots
description
Adventitious roots can form at nodes on the main roots or aboveground from nodes on stems.
has broader
Clonal spread mechanism
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
clonal_spread_mechanism_adventitious_roots

bulb

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/clonal_spread_mechanism_bulb
preferred label
bulb
description
Below ground storage organ derived from stem (and sometimes leaf) tissue, that divides into new individuals.
has broader
Clonal spread mechanism
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
clonal_spread_mechanism_bulb

belowground_clonal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/clonal_spread_mechanism_belowground_clonal
preferred label
belowground_clonal
description
Plants use an unspecified underground organ for clonal spread.
has broader
Clonal spread mechanism
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
clonal_spread_mechanism_belowground_clonal

corm

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/clonal_spread_mechanism_corm
preferred label
corm
description
Below ground organ derived from stem tissue that can function either for vegetative spread or to regenerate following a disturbance.
has broader
Clonal spread mechanism
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
clonal_spread_mechanism_corm

rhizome

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/clonal_spread_mechanism_rhizome
preferred label
rhizome
description
Plant has an underground stem that has stem buds and forms adventitious roots at nodes; this stem may be woody or non-woody. Rhizomes are both a mechanism for vegetative spread and a strategy to survive fire.
has broader
Clonal spread mechanism
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
clonal_spread_mechanism_rhizome

root_buds

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/clonal_spread_mechanism_root_buds
preferred label
root_buds
description
Root buds that produce vertical suckers.
has broader
Clonal spread mechanism
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
clonal_spread_mechanism_root_buds

root_tuber

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/clonal_spread_mechanism_root_tuber
preferred label
root_tuber
description
A swollen root that functions as a storage organ and has buds that allow clonal growth.
has broader
Clonal spread mechanism
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
clonal_spread_mechanism_root_tuber

stem_tuber

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/clonal_spread_mechanism_stem_tuber
preferred label
stem_tuber
description
A swollen underground stem that functions as a storage organ and has buds that allow clonal growth.
has broader
Clonal spread mechanism
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
clonal_spread_mechanism_stem_tuber

stolon

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/clonal_spread_mechanism_stolon
preferred label
stolon
description
Plants having horizontal branches (stems) from the base of the plant that produce new plants from buds at its tip or nodes.
has broader
Clonal spread mechanism
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
clonal_spread_mechanism_stolon

viviparous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/clonal_spread_mechanism_viviparous
preferred label
viviparous
description
Plant produces clonal offspring that grow while still attached to the parent plant.
has broader
Clonal spread mechanism
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
clonal_spread_mechanism_viviparous

non_clonal

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/clonal_spread_mechanism_non_clonal
preferred label
non_clonal
description
Plant does not display clonal growth.
has broader
Clonal spread mechanism
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
clonal_spread_mechanism_non_clonal

Storage organ

bulb

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_bulb
preferred label
bulb
description
Below ground storage organ derived from stem and usually leaf tissue.
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_bulb

corm

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_corm
preferred label
corm
description
Below ground storage organ that is a short, rounded, vertical, fleshy, underground stem.
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_corm

caudex

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_caudex
preferred label
caudex
description
Swollen stem that usually functions in water storage, although the term can also apply to below ground structures or to swollen roots.
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_caudex

fleshy_underground_organ

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_fleshy_underground_organ
preferred label
fleshy_underground_organ
description
Plants that use fleshy, generally underground organs (swellings) to regenerate, but the type of organ is not specified; examples include corms, tubers, bulbs, and caudex.
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_fleshy_underground_organ

lignotuber

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_lignotuber
preferred label
lignotuber
description
Swollen woody structures are located at the transition between the stem base and root crown of woody shrubs, mallees and small trees, and are formed from stem tissues. Buds are located over the entire structure. No colonisation ability.
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_lignotuber

pseudobulb

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_pseudobulb
preferred label
pseudobulb
description
An above ground storage organ present in many terrestrial and epiphytic orchids created throough the thickening of the stem between leaf nodes.
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_pseudobulb

rhizome

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_rhizome
preferred label
rhizome
description
A type of continually growing or creeping underground stem, but it is not specified if the rhizome is woody or non-woody.
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_rhizome

rhizome_woody

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_rhizome_woody
preferred label
rhizome_woody
description
A type of continually growing or creeping woody underground stem.
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_rhizome_woody

rhizome_fleshy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_rhizome_fleshy
preferred label
rhizome_fleshy
description
A type of continually growing or creeping fleshy, non-woody underground stem.
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_rhizome_fleshy

rhizome_fibrous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_rhizome_fibrous
preferred label
rhizome_fibrous
description
A type of continually growing or creeping fibrous, non-woody underground stem.
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_rhizome_fibrous

root_tuber

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_root_tuber
preferred label
root_tuber
description
A swollen root the stores nutrients, carbohydrates and water. (Synonym, taproot tuber)
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_root_tuber

stem_tuber

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_stem_tuber
preferred label
stem_tuber
description
A swollen underground stem that stores nutrients, carbohydrates and water.
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_stem_tuber

storage_organ

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_storage_organ
preferred label
storage_organ
description
Plant has a storage organ, but the type is unknown.
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_storage_organ

tuber

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_tuber
preferred label
tuber
description
A swollen underground organ that stores nutrients, carbohydrates and water, where it is not specified if the tuber develops from root or stem tissue.
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_tuber

no_storage_organ

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/storage_organ_no_storage_organ
preferred label
no_storage_organ
description
No storage organ present
has broader
Storage organ
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
storage_organ_no_storage_organ

Bud bank location

apical_buds

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_apical_buds
preferred label
apical_buds
description
Plants resprout from above-ground apical meristems. Also termed a caudex. Term refers to palm-like plants with aerial buds that resprout, including grass trees, palms, tree ferns, and pandanus. (Synonym, aerial apical sprouter)
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_apical_buds

basal_buds

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_basal_buds
preferred label
basal_buds
description
Plants resprout from its base, with buds originating from stem tissue (e.g. lignotuber) and root tissue (root crown) not distinguished between. Most buds designated as being basal are likely to be resprouts from a lignotuber, but this trait value is used if the dataset reported basal buds rather than basal stem buds or lignotuber.
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_basal_buds

basal_stem_buds

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_basal_stem_buds
preferred label
basal_stem_buds
description
Plants resprout from the base of the stem. Australian plants with basal stem buds usually have a lignotuber, documented in the trait storage_organ. (Synonym, rootstock, lignotuberous resprouter)
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_basal_stem_buds

epicormic_buds

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_epicormic_buds
preferred label
epicormic_buds
description
Plants resprout from the stem or trunk.
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_epicormic_buds

fleshy_underground_organ

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_fleshy_underground_organ
preferred label
fleshy_underground_organ
description
Plants resprouts from buds on a fleshy underground organ that is a taproot tuber, bulb, corm, stem tuber, root tuber, or belowground caudex. (Synonym, geophyte)
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_fleshy_underground_organ

root_crown

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_root_crown
preferred label
root_crown
description
Plants resprout from the root crown, the root tissue at the root-stem transition.
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_root_crown

bud-bearing_root

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_bud-bearing_root
preferred label
bud-bearing_root
description
Root buds produce vertical suckers (from root crown) or adventitious roots. (Synonyms, root-suckering resprouter, adventitious buds)
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_bud-bearing_root

rhizome

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_rhizome
preferred label
rhizome
description
Plants resprout from buds on a rhizome, where it is not specified if the rhizome is woody or non-woody.
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_rhizome

rhizome_woody

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_rhizome_woody
preferred label
rhizome_woody
description
Plants resprout from buds on a woody rhizome.
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_rhizome_woody

rhizome_non_woody

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_rhizome_non_woody
preferred label
rhizome_non_woody
description
Plants resprout from buds on a fleshy rhizome, rhizophore, or fibrous rhizome.
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_rhizome_non_woody

stem_buds

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_stem_buds
preferred label
stem_buds
description
Plants resprout from stem buds; this trait value is separate to epicormic buds. (Synonyms, aerial axillary resprouter)
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_stem_buds

stem_tuber

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_stem_tuber
preferred label
stem_tuber
description
Plants resprout from buds on a stem tuber.
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_stem_tuber

stolon

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_stolon
preferred label
stolon
description
Horizontal branches (stems) resprout from the base of the plant.
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_stolon

underground_buds

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_underground_buds
preferred label
underground_buds
description
Plants that resprout from underground organ, but the type of organ isn’t specified.
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_underground_buds

none

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/bud_bank_location_none
preferred label
none
description
Plants lack regenerative buds.
has broader
Bud bank location
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
bud_bank_location_none

Post-fire resprouting capacity

fire_killed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/resprouting_capacity_fire_killed
preferred label
fire_killed
description
Fewer than 30% of plants resprout following a fire with 100% leaf scorch. (Synonym, fire-sensitive)
has broader
Post-fire resprouting capacity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
resprouting_capacity_fire_killed

resprouts

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/resprouting_capacity_resprouts
preferred label
resprouts
description
More than 70% of plants resprout following a fire with 100% leaf scorch.
has broader
Post-fire resprouting capacity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
resprouting_capacity_resprouts

partial_resprouting

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/resprouting_capacity_partial_resprouting
preferred label
partial_resprouting
description
Between 30-70% of plants resprout following a fire with 100% leaf scorch.
has broader
Post-fire resprouting capacity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
resprouting_capacity_partial_resprouting

Post-fire resprouting capacity of juvenile plants

juvenile_fire_killed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/resprouting_capacity_juvenile_juvenile_fire_killed
preferred label
juvenile_fire_killed
description
Few to no juvenile plants resprout following fire with 100% leaf scorch.
has broader
Post-fire resprouting capacity of juvenile plants
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
resprouting_capacity_juvenile_juvenile_fire_killed

juvenile_resprout

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/resprouting_capacity_juvenile_juvenile_resprout
preferred label
juvenile_resprout
description
More than 50% of juvenile plants survive and resprout following fire with 100% leaf scorch.
has broader
Post-fire resprouting capacity of juvenile plants
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
resprouting_capacity_juvenile_juvenile_resprout

juvenile_moderate_fire_killed

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/resprouting_capacity_juvenile_juvenile_moderate_fire_killed
preferred label
juvenile_moderate_fire_killed
description
25-50% of juvenile plants resprout following fire with 100% leaf scorch.
has broader
Post-fire resprouting capacity of juvenile plants
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
resprouting_capacity_juvenile_juvenile_moderate_fire_killed

Plant vegetative response to disturbances other than fire

resprouts_non_fire_disturbance

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/resprouting_capacity_non_fire_disturbance_resprouts_non_fire_disturbance
preferred label
resprouts_non_fire_disturbance
description
Plants that are known to be fire-killed, but have the ability to resprout following a disturbance other than fire that causes 100% leaf loss.
has broader
Plant vegetative response to disturbances other than fire
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
resprouting_capacity_non_fire_disturbance_resprouts_non_fire_disturbance

resprouts_after_cyclone

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/resprouting_capacity_non_fire_disturbance_resprouts_after_cyclone
preferred label
resprouts_after_cyclone
description
Plants are able to resprout following 100% leaf loss in a cyclone.
has broader
Plant vegetative response to disturbances other than fire
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
resprouting_capacity_non_fire_disturbance_resprouts_after_cyclone

resprouts_after_drought

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/resprouting_capacity_non_fire_disturbance_resprouts_after_drought
preferred label
resprouts_after_drought
description
Plants are able to resprout following 100% leaf loss during a drought.
has broader
Plant vegetative response to disturbances other than fire
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
resprouting_capacity_non_fire_disturbance_resprouts_after_drought

Fire exposure level

aquatic_taxon

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fire_exposure_level_aquatic_taxon
preferred label
aquatic_taxon
description
Plants rarely or never experience fires because they are aquatic.
has broader
Fire exposure level
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fire_exposure_level_aquatic_taxon

fire_avoidance_among_rocks

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fire_exposure_level_fire_avoidance_among_rocks
preferred label
fire_avoidance_among_rocks
description
Plants rarely experience fires because their habitat is restricted to rocky outcrops or rock pavement.
has broader
Fire exposure level
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fire_exposure_level_fire_avoidance_among_rocks

fire_avoidance_near_water

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fire_exposure_level_fire_avoidance_near_water
preferred label
fire_avoidance_near_water
description
Plants rarely or never experience fires because their habitat is close to a body of water.
has broader
Fire exposure level
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fire_exposure_level_fire_avoidance_near_water

fire_avoidance_in_swamp

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fire_exposure_level_fire_avoidance_in_swamp
preferred label
fire_avoidance_in_swamp
description
Plants rarely experience fires because their habitat is usually saturated, but populations can be catastrophically impacted during severe droughts when the swamps dry out.
has broader
Fire exposure level
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fire_exposure_level_fire_avoidance_in_swamp

seasonal_fire_avoidance

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/fire_exposure_level_seasonal_fire_avoidance
preferred label
seasonal_fire_avoidance
description
Plants avoid fire by only have above-ground parts during seasons when fire is rare or absent, but populations can be catastrophically impacted if fire occurs during an atypical season.
has broader
Fire exposure level
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
fire_exposure_level_seasonal_fire_avoidance

Post-fire recruitment

post_fire_recruitment

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/post_fire_recruitment_post_fire_recruitment
preferred label
post_fire_recruitment
description
Plants that germinate post-fire.
has broader
Post-fire recruitment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
post_fire_recruitment_post_fire_recruitment

post_fire_recruitment_absent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/post_fire_recruitment_post_fire_recruitment_absent
preferred label
post_fire_recruitment_absent
description
Plants that do not show increased seeding following fire.
has broader
Post-fire recruitment
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
post_fire_recruitment_post_fire_recruitment_absent

Post-fire flowering

fire_dependent_flowering

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/post_fire_flowering_fire_dependent_flowering
preferred label
fire_dependent_flowering
description
Plants predominantly flower after a fire, usually within the first 1-4 growing seasons following the fire.
has broader
Post-fire flowering
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
post_fire_flowering_fire_dependent_flowering

fire_enhanced_flowering

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/post_fire_flowering_fire_enhanced_flowering
preferred label
fire_enhanced_flowering
description
Flowering is enhanced after a fire, with plants flowering more prolifically for the first 1-4 growing seasons following the fire.
has broader
Post-fire flowering
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
post_fire_flowering_fire_enhanced_flowering

fire_independent_flowering

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/post_fire_flowering_fire_independent_flowering
preferred label
fire_independent_flowering
description
Flowering is independent of fire, with the magnitude of flowers produced by plants unchanged following a fire.
has broader
Post-fire flowering
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
post_fire_flowering_fire_independent_flowering

fire_suppressed_flowering

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/post_fire_flowering_fire_suppressed_flowering
preferred label
fire_suppressed_flowering
description
Flowering is suppressed or absent after a fire, with plants producing fewer flowers for at least the first 1-4 growing seasons following the fire.
has broader
Post-fire flowering
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
post_fire_flowering_fire_suppressed_flowering

Plant resource requirements and tolerance

hydrohalophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_type_by_resource_use_hydrohalophyte
preferred label
hydrohalophyte
description
Tidal swamp or ‘mangrove’ and coastal lagoon elements and temperate-zone salt-marsh taxa are classed together.
has broader
Plant resource requirements and tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_type_by_resource_use_hydrohalophyte

phreatophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_type_by_resource_use_phreatophyte
preferred label
phreatophyte
description
Deep-rooted plants<U+2014>usually trees<U+2014>obtaining water from a deep underground source that may or may not be saline.
has broader
Plant resource requirements and tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_type_by_resource_use_phreatophyte

psammophile

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_type_by_resource_use_psammophile
preferred label
psammophile
description
Sand-loving plants commonly found in littoral strand or inland sandfields.
has broader
Plant resource requirements and tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_type_by_resource_use_psammophile

weedy

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_type_by_resource_use_weedy
preferred label
weedy
description
This inexact term is meant to indicate a high degree of adaptability to sites, and proven tendency toward aggressive colonization of either dry or wet sites, or rarely, both. In general, weeds invade and colonize highly disturbed sites or areas.
has broader
Plant resource requirements and tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_type_by_resource_use_weedy

xerohalophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_type_by_resource_use_xerohalophyte
preferred label
xerohalophyte
description
Plants adapted to inland salt desert and saline habitats.
has broader
Plant resource requirements and tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_type_by_resource_use_xerohalophyte

xerophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_type_by_resource_use_xerophyte
preferred label
xerophyte
description
Drought-tolerant and drought-adapted plants.
has broader
Plant resource requirements and tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_type_by_resource_use_xerophyte

Plant flood regime response

terrestrial_dry

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_flood_regime_classification_terrestrial_dry
preferred label
terrestrial_dry
description
Species which germinate, grow and reproduce where there is no surface water and the water table is below the soil surface. (Dry species; Tdr)
has broader
Plant flood regime response
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_flood_regime_classification_terrestrial_dry

terrestrial_damp

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_flood_regime_classification_terrestrial_damp
preferred label
terrestrial_damp
description
Species which germinate, grow and reproduce on saturated soil. (Damp species; Tda)
has broader
Plant flood regime response
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_flood_regime_classification_terrestrial_damp

amphibious_fluctuation_tolerators_emergent

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious_fluctuation_tolerators_emergent
preferred label
amphibious_fluctuation_tolerators_emergent
description
Species which germinate in damp or flooded conditions, which tolerate variation in water level, and which grow with their basal portions under water and reproduce out of water. (Emergent species; ATe)
has broader
Plant flood regime response
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious_fluctuation_tolerators_emergent

amphibious_fluctuation_tolerators_low

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious_fluctuation_tolerators_low
preferred label
amphibious_fluctuation_tolerators_low
description
Species which germinate in damp or flooded conditions, which tolerate variation in water level, which are low-growing and tolerate complete submersion when water-levels rise. (Low-growing species; ATl)
has broader
Plant flood regime response
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious_fluctuation_tolerators_low

amphibious_fluctuation_responders_plastic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious_fluctuation_responders_plastic
preferred label
amphibious_fluctuation_responders_plastic
description
Species which germinate in flooded conditions, grow in both flooded and damp conditions, reproduce above the surface of the water, and which have morphological plasticity (e.g. heterophylly) in response to water-level variation. (Morphologically plastic species; ARp)
has broader
Plant flood regime response
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious_fluctuation_responders_plastic

amphibious_fluctuation_responders_floating

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious_fluctuation_responders_floating
preferred label
amphibious_fluctuation_responders_floating
description
Species which germinate in flooded conditions, grow in both flooded and damp conditions, reproduce above the surface of the water, and which have floating leaves when inundated. (Species with floating leaves; ARf)
has broader
Plant flood regime response
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious_fluctuation_responders_floating

amphibious

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious
preferred label
amphibious
description
Species which germinate in damp or flooded conditions and can grow in or our of water.
has broader
Plant flood regime response
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_flood_regime_classification_amphibious

submerged

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_flood_regime_classification_submerged
preferred label
submerged
description
Species which germinate, grow and reproduce underwater. (S
has broader
Plant flood regime response
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_flood_regime_classification_submerged

Plant water-logging tolerance

not_applicable

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_not_applicable
preferred label
not_applicable
description
Taxa is not typically confronted with waterlogging and its response is unknown.
has broader
Plant water-logging tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_not_applicable

less_than_1_month

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_less_than_1_month
preferred label
less_than_1_month
description
Taxa able to tolerate less than 1 month of waterlogging.
has broader
Plant water-logging tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_less_than_1_month

1-6_months

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_1-6_months
preferred label
1-6_months
description
Taxa able to tolerate 1-6 months of waterlogging.
has broader
Plant water-logging tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_1-6_months

greater_than_6_months

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_greater_than_6_months
preferred label
greater_than_6_months
description
Taxa able to tolerate more than 6 months of waterlogging.
has broader
Plant water-logging tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_greater_than_6_months

aquatic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_aquatic
preferred label
aquatic
description
Taxa truly aquatic and able to be permanently inundated.
has broader
Plant water-logging tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_water_logged_soils_aquatic

Plant inundation tolerance

not_applicable

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_inundation_not_applicable
preferred label
not_applicable
description
Taxa is not typically confronted with being inundated and its response is unknown.
has broader
Plant inundation tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_inundation_not_applicable

less_than_1_month

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_inundation_less_than_1_month
preferred label
less_than_1_month
description
Taxa able to tolerate being inundated for less than 1 month.
has broader
Plant inundation tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_inundation_less_than_1_month

1-6_months

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_inundation_1-6_months
preferred label
1-6_months
description
Taxa able to tolerate being inundated for 1-6 months.
has broader
Plant inundation tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_inundation_1-6_months

greater_than_6_months

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_inundation_greater_than_6_months
preferred label
greater_than_6_months
description
Taxa able to tolerate being inundated for more than 6 months.
has broader
Plant inundation tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_inundation_greater_than_6_months

aquatic

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_inundation_aquatic
preferred label
aquatic
description
Taxa truly aquatic and able to be permanently inundated.
has broader
Plant inundation tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_inundation_aquatic

Plant snow tolerance

not_applicable

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_snow_not_applicable
preferred label
not_applicable
description
Taxa is virtually never confronted with snow in nature and the response is unknown.
has broader
Plant snow tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_snow_not_applicable

intolerant

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_snow_intolerant
preferred label
intolerant
description
Taxa is frost tender and known to be killed by any snow.
has broader
Plant snow tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_snow_intolerant

days

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_snow_days
preferred label
days
description
Taxa can tolerate being covered by snow for days (typically less than 1 week).
has broader
Plant snow tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_snow_days

weeks

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_snow_weeks
preferred label
weeks
description
Taxa can tolerate being covered by snow for weeks (typically less than 1 month).
has broader
Plant snow tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_snow_weeks

months

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_snow_months
preferred label
months
description
Taxa can tolerate being covered by snow for months.
has broader
Plant snow tolerance
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_snow_months

Plant salt tolerance strategy

glycophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_salt_glycophyte
preferred label
glycophyte
description
Plants that cannot survive even one tenth the salt concentration found in seawater.
has broader
Plant salt tolerance strategy
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_salt_glycophyte

halophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_salt_halophyte
preferred label
halophyte
description
Plants that complete their life cycle in a salty environment; many survive in seawater or even higher concentrations of salt.
has broader
Plant salt tolerance strategy
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_salt_halophyte

halophyte_moderate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_salt_halophyte_moderate
preferred label
halophyte_moderate
description
Plant that is moderately tolerant of soil salinity/sodicity.
has broader
Plant salt tolerance strategy
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_salt_halophyte_moderate

hydrohalophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_salt_hydrohalophyte
preferred label
hydrohalophyte
description
Tidal swamp or ‘mangrove’ and coastal lagoon elements and temperate-zone salt-marsh taxa are classed together.
has broader
Plant salt tolerance strategy
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_salt_hydrohalophyte

salt_spray_tolerant

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_salt_salt_spray_tolerant
preferred label
salt_spray_tolerant
description
Plant that is tolerant of salt spray (typically inhabiting near-coastal environments).
has broader
Plant salt tolerance strategy
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_salt_salt_spray_tolerant

salinity_tolerance_undefined

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_salt_salinity_tolerance_undefined
preferred label
salinity_tolerance_undefined
description
Plant’s ability to tolerate salt is unknown.
has broader
Plant salt tolerance strategy
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_salt_salinity_tolerance_undefined

xerohalophyte

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_salt_xerohalophyte
preferred label
xerohalophyte
description
Plants adapted to inland salt desert and saline habitats.
has broader
Plant salt tolerance strategy
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_salt_xerohalophyte

Plant calcium sensitivity

calcicole

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_calcicole_calcicole
preferred label
calcicole
description
Plants are tolerant of basic soils, such as calcareous sands and limestone derived soils.
has broader
Plant calcium sensitivity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_calcicole_calcicole

calcifuge

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_calcicole_calcifuge
preferred label
calcifuge
description
Plants are intolerant of basic soils. (Synonyms, acidophilous)
has broader
Plant calcium sensitivity
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_calcicole_calcifuge

Plant fire tolerance strategy

fire_retardant

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_fire_fire_retardant
preferred label
fire_retardant
description
Plants protected from fire by fire retardant in their bark, stems, or other tissues.
has broader
Plant fire tolerance strategy
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_fire_fire_retardant

fire_retardant_bark

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_fire_fire_retardant_bark
preferred label
fire_retardant_bark
description
Plants protected from fire by fire retardant in their bark.
has broader
Plant fire tolerance strategy
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_fire_fire_retardant_bark

thick_bark

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/traits/plant_tolerance_fire_thick_bark
preferred label
thick_bark
description
Plants protected from fire by thick bark.
has broader
Plant fire tolerance strategy
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/traits
identifier
plant_tolerance_fire_thick_bark

5. Glossary

This section of the ontology includes terminology used within trait concept descriptions that are not defined by other resources.

accessory cost

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40004
preferred label
accessory cost
description
Biomass investment [OMIT:0008566] in reproductive tissues [CARO:0000043] other than the seeds [PO:0009010]. These tissues include prepollination (flower, nectar, and pollen) and postpollination (packaging, protective and dispersal [EnvThes:21038] tissues) as well as aborted floral parts.
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40004

ambient photosynthetic rate

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40006
preferred label
ambient photosynthetic rate
description
Photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] in a plant whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are exposed to ambient [NCIT:C62306] photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] levels and ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033] while the measurement is made.
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40006

bark water content

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40014
preferred label
bark water content
description
A bark mass trait [APD:trait_group_0012006] which is the mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] in a section of bark [PO:0004518].
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40014

coarse root

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40026
preferred label
coarse root
description
A root greater than 2 mm in diameter. The alternative to fine roots [EnvThes:20581].
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40026

ignition

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40040
preferred label
ignition
description
The act of causing something to start burning [Merriam-Webster Dictionary].
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40040

fresh mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40044
preferred label
fresh mass
description
The mass [PATO:0000125] of tissue [CARO:0000043] before it is dried; the mass of the tissue when it is fresh [EnvThes:21976].
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40044

leaf water content

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40050
preferred label
leaf water content
description
A leaf mass trait [TO:0000505] which is the total mass [PATO:0000125] of water [CHEBI:15377] in a leaf [PO:0025034].
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40050

maximum photosynthetic rate, Amax

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40058
preferred label
maximum photosynthetic rate, Amax
description
Photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] in a plant whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are saturated [NCIT_C61427] by photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and which is exposed to saturating atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033] while the measurement is made.
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40058

merism

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40060
preferred label
merism
description
The repetition of similar parts, units, or segments within the structure of an organism. [www.lexico.com]
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40060

non-structural carbohydrates

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40062
preferred label
non-structural carbohydrates
description
Carbohydrates [CHEBI:16646], including starches [CHEBI:28017] and sugars [APD_glossary:glossary_40106], that are relatively easy to metabolise [NCIT:C19536] by both plants and animals.
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40062

pendulous

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40066
preferred label
pendulous
description
Hanging downward loosely or freely. [Simpson]
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40066

per unit mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40068
preferred label
per unit mass
description
A ratio [PATO:0001470], where the denominator [NCIT:C80489] is a measure of mass [PATO:0000125].
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40068

placentation

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40074
preferred label
placentation
description
Referring to the position [PATO:0000140] of the ovules [PO:0020003] within the ovary [PO:0009072]. [Plant Systematics]
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40074

whole plant leaf dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40076
preferred label
whole plant leaf dry mass
description
A leaf mass trait [TO:0000505] which is the sum of the leaf dry mass [TO:0000505] of all leaves [PO:0025034] of a whole plant [PO:0000003] [from TOP].
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40076

whole plant stem dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40080
preferred label
whole plant stem dry mass
description
A stem mass trait [TO:0000952] which is the sum of the stem dry mass [TO:0003001] of all leaves [PO:0009047] of a whole plant [PO:0000003] [dervied from TOP].
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40080

whole plant dry mass

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40081
preferred label
whole plant dry mass
description
The dry mass [PATO:0000125] of a whole plant [PO:0000003].
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40081

pollinator

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40086
preferred label
pollinator
description
A pollinator is an animal that intentionally or unintentionally moves pollen from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma of a flower. [Wikipedia]
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40086

punch

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40088
preferred label
punch
description
The force [PATO:0001035] required to punch a hole.
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40088

saturated photosynthetic rate, Asat

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40092
preferred label
saturated photosynthetic rate, Asat
description
Photosynthetic rate [TO:0001015] in a plant whose photosystem [GO:0009521] I and II reaction centers [GO:0009538; GO:0009539] are saturated [NCIT_C61427] by photosynthetically active radiation [ENVO:01001864] and which is exposed to ambient [NCIT:C62306] atmospheric carbon dioxide [ENVO:01000451] concentrations [PATO:0000033] while the measurement is made.
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40092

smoulder combustion

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40094
preferred label
smoulder combustion
description
The slow, flameless form of combustion, sustained by the heat evolved when oxygen directly attacks the surface of a condensed-phase fuel. [Wikipedia]
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40094

sugar

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40106
preferred label
sugar
description
An informal grouping of carbohydrates [CHEBI:16646] that includes monosaccharides [CHEBI:35381] and disaccharides [CHEBI:36233].
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40106

vessel lumen

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40112
preferred label
vessel lumen
description
The lumen [PO:0025117] of the xylem vessel [PO:0025417].
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40112

vestiture

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40114
preferred label
vestiture
description
Trichome cover [TO:0006066], a combination of trichome type [TO:0000911], length [PATO:0000122], strength [PATO:0001230], shape [PATO:0000052], density [PATO:0001019], and color [PATO:0000014] [Simpson glossary]
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40114

pressure-volume curve

URI
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary/glossary_40124
preferred label
pressure-volume curve
description
A plot of the relationship between tissue water content and tissue water potential, which is used in plant water-relations studies to understand tissue/cell elasticity, cell turgor, and cell osmotic potential.
top concept of
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
is in scheme
https://w3id.org/APD/glossary
identifier
glossary_40124

6. Acknowledgements

We are grateful to S Cox, J Smillie, K Levett, M Barlow, and C Brady for useful conversations. The AusTraits project received investment (https://doi.org/10.47486/TD044, https://doi.org/10.47486/DP720) from the Australian Research Data Commons (ARDC). The ARDC is funded by the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS).